Washington State Standards for Social Studies: Grade 12

WA.EL.A. Contemporary World Problems: Participation and Citizenship.

EL.A.1. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to explain the provision of social and physical infrastructure in a modern society. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.A.2. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to explain how an understanding of international issues contributes to a person's role as a citizen. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.A.3. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze the role of ideological beliefs in public, private and political arenas. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.A.5. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to propose and evaluate potential solutions to national and international problems. (G1.1.3b, G1.2.3b, G3.1.3b, G3.3.3a, G3.3.3b)

EL.A.8. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess U.S. and state constitutions and treaties as they relate to civic responsibility. (C1.1.3a, C1.2.3b, C1.3.3a, C2.1.3a, C2.1.3b, C2.3.3a, C2.3.3c, C4.1.3a, C4.2.3a, C4.3.3a, C4.3.3b)

EL.A.10. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to evaluate and take and defend positions on the scope and limits of rights and responsibilities as democratic citizens the relationships among them, and how they are secured. (C1.1.3a, C1.2.3b, C1.3.3a, C2.1.3a, C2.1.3b, C2.3.3a, C2.3.3c, C4.1.3a, C4.2.3a, C4.3.3a, C4.3.3b)

EL.A.11. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess basic financial futures. (E2.2.2b, E2.4.3, E3.1.3a, E3.1.3b)

EL.A.12. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to examine the provision of physical infrastructure in a modern society. (E2.2.2b, E2.4.3, E3.1.3a, E3.1.3b)

EL.A.13. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to examine how an understanding of international economic issues contributes to a person's role as a citizen. (E2.2.2b, E2.4.3, E3.1.3a, E3.1.3b)

WA.EL.B. Contemporary World Problems: World and Regional Issues.

EL.B.1. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze topical current regional, national, and international events. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.2. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to evaluate the role of the United States as a world power. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.3. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze world and regional human issues, such as environmental, human rights, international cooperation, NGOs and governmental bodies, global economic and financial issues. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.4. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to evaluate strategies for resolving conflicts based on deep-seated differences of belief. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.5. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to propose and evaluate potential solutions to national and international problems. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.6. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze issues of technology. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b, H1.3.3, H2.1.3, H2.2.3)

EL.B.8. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze world and regional human issues, such as environmental concerns. (G1.1.3a, G1.2.3b, G3.1.3b, G3.3.3a, G3.3.3c)

EL.B.9. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to propose and evaluate potential solutions to national and international environmental problems. (G1.1.3a, G1.2.3b, G3.1.3b, G3.3.3a, G3.3.3c)

EL.B.11. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to recognize the role of international organizations. (C2.1.3b, C3.1.3a, C3.1.3b, C3.2.3a, C3.2.3b, C3.2.3c, C4.2.3a, C4.2.3b, C4.3.3a)

EL.B.15. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze the role of population, the environment and demographic pressures in economic development. (E1.2.3b, E2.2.3a, E2.2.3c)

EL.B.16. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to evaluate the role of the United States as a world economic power. (E1.2.3b, E2.2.3a, E2.2.3c)

EL.B.17. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to examine world and regional human issues, such as global economic and financial matters. (E1.2.3b, E2.2.3a, E2.2.3c)

WA.EL.C. Contemporary World Problems: The International and the Individual.

EL.C.1. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to describe the impact individuals have had on world and regional human issues, such as environmental, human rights, international cooperation, NGOs and governmental bodies, global economic and financial issues. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b)

EL.C.2. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess the impact of international issues on individuals. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b)

EL.C.3. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess the costs of political participation in selected areas of the world. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b)

EL.C.4. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to analyze the methods and implications of participation as a citizen in a government. (H1.1.3a, H1.1.3b)

EL.C.5. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to construct maps that illustrate nations' level of development using several measures including literacy, infant mortality, and GDP per capita. (G1.1.3a)

EL.C.6. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to describe the impact individuals have had on world and regional human issues, such as environmental matters. (G1.1.3a)

EL.C.7. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess the impact of international environmental issues on individuals. (G1.1.3a)

EL.C.8. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to recognize the role of the individual in international organizations. (C1.3.3a, C2.1.3a, C2.1.3b, C4.1.3a, C4.3.3a)

EL.C.11. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to describe the impact individuals have had on world and regional human issues, such as international cooperation. (C1.3.3a, C2.1.3a, C2.1.3b, C4.1.3a, C4.3.3a)

EL.C.12. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to assess the impact of international political issues on individuals. (C1.3.3a, C2.1.3a, C2.1.3b, C4.1.3a, C4.3.3a)

EL.C.13. Evidence of Learning: Students will be able to describe the impact individuals have had on world and regional human issues, such as global economic and financial matters. (E2.2.3c)

WA.1.1. Social Studies Skills: Inquiry and Information Skills: Understand and use inquiry and information skills required by citizens in a democratic society.

1.1.3a. Formulate a thesis statement in the social studies that examines why as well as how.

1.1.3b. Identify key words; use advanced search strategies; independently locate appropriate and varied information sources; evaluate primary/secondary sources.

1.1.3d. Evaluate reliability, credibility, and validity of information from a variety of social studies sources.

1.1.3e. Produce and interpret outlines, charts, graphs, maps, tables, timelines, and decision-making grids that explain problems and/or construct solutions.

1.1.3f. Create a product that uses social studies content to support a thesis and present the product in an appropriate manner to a meaningful audience.

WA.2.1. Social Studies Skills: Interpersonal and Group Process Skills: Understand and use interpersonal and group process skills required by citizens in a democratic society.

2.1.3a. Voice original ideas; demonstrate content knowledge; persuade audience; listen critically and build upon the ideas of others; ask clarifying questions and challenge statements of others; negotiate and compromise.

2.1.3c. Select appropriate people to gain needed information; identify bias of subject; ask questions to refine and verify understanding.

WA.3.1. Social Studies Skills: Critical Thinking Skills: Understand and apply critical thinking and problem solving skills to make informed and reasoned decisions.

3.1.4a. Identify central issue; formulate appropriate questions; identify multiple perspectives; compare and contrast; validate data using multiple sources; determine relevant information; paraphrase problem.

3.1.4b. Distinguish between fact, opinion, and reasoned argument; clarify point of view and context; identify assumptions and fallacies; recognize stereotypes, cliches, bias, and propaganda techniques; evaluate accuracy and timeliness of information; determine main message and identify target audiences; analyze credibility and authenticity.

3.1.4c. Compare benefits and costs; suggest alternatives; predict probable consequences; provide evidence to justify best solution; select most effective manner of communicating solution.

3.1.4d. Hypothesize possible outcomes from an initial event recognizing multiple causes and accidental factors.

3.1.4e. Group human and natural events into broadly defined eras and use timelines to explain patterns of continuity and change in the succession of events.

3.1.4f. Reconstruct and express multiple points of view and integrate a historic, geographic, civic, or economic perspective.

WA.H.1. History: The student examines and understands major ideas, eras, themes, developments, turning points, chronology, and cause-effect relationships in the United States, world, and Washington State history.

H.1.1. Understand and analyze historical time and chronology.

H.1.1.3a. Group events and individuals by broadly defined historical eras and use timelines to identify and explain patterns of historical continuity and change in a succession of related events; compare and contrast different cultural perceptions of time.

H.1.1.3b. Compare and evaluate competing historical narratives, analyze multiple perspectives, and challenge arguments of historical inevitability.

H.1.2. Understand events, trends, individuals, and movements shaping the United States, world, and Washington State history.

H.US1.2.3. United States History: Identify and analyze major concepts, people, and events in the 20th century U.S. History including: Emergence of America as a world power (1890-1918); Reform, prosperity, and depression; WW II, the Cold War, and International Relations (1939-Present); Post-World War II domestic, political, social, and economic issues (1945-present).

H.WH1.2.3. World History: Identify and analyze major concepts, people, and events in world history from 1600 to the present including: Global expansion and encounter (1450-1770); Age of Revolutions (1750-1914); Causes and consequences of WW1 and WWII (1870-1989); Emergence and development of new nations (1945-present); Challenges to democracy and human rights (1900-present)

H.1.3. Examine the influence of culture on the United States, world, and Washington State history.

H.1.3.3a. Examine and analyze how the contributions of various cultural groups influence society.

WA.H.2. History: The student understands the origin and impact of ideas and technological developments on history.

H.2.1. Compare and contrast ideas in different places, time periods, and cultures, and examine the interrelationships between ideas, change, and conflict.

H.2.1.3a. Compare and analyze major ideas in different places, times, and cultures, and how those ideas have brought about continuity, change, or conflict.

H.2.2. Understand how ideas and technological developments influence people, culture, and environment.

H.2.2.3a. Analyze how technological developments have changed people's ideas about the natural world and evaluate their short and long-term consequences.

WA.G.1. Geography: The student uses maps, charts, and other geographic tools to understand the spatial arrangement of people, places, resources, and environments on Earth's surface.

G.1.1. Use and construct maps, charts, and other resources to gather and interpret geographic information.

G.1.1.3a. Produce and interpret maps, tables, and graphs to help explain phenomenon such as transportation networks within regions, literacy rates, voting patterns, or the variation in population density in relation to resources and land use (Five Themes).

G.1.2. Recognize spatial patterns on Earth's surface and understand the processes that create these patterns.

G.1.2.3a. Explain why different places of the world have particular physical and human characteristics (Five Themes).

WA.G.2. Geography: The student understands the complex physical and human characteristics of places and regions.

G.2.1. Describe the natural characteristics of places and regions and explain the causes of their characteristics.

G.2.1.3a. Describe and interpret the physical processes that shape places and regions (Location, Region, Place).

G.2.2. Describe the patterns humans make on places and regions.

G.2.2.3a. Analyze how social, cultural, and economic influences shape the physical features of places and regions (Five Themes).

G.2.3. Identify the characteristics that define the Pacific Northwest and the Pacific Rim as regions.

G.2.3.3a. Analyze how cultural and physical features define the Pacific Rim as a region (Five Themes).

WA.G.3. Geography: The student observes and analyzes the interaction between people, the environment, and culture.

G.3.1. Identify and examine people's interaction with and impact on the environment.

G.3.1.3a. Analyze and evaluate the positive benefits and negative consequences of people's different uses of the environment (Human/Environment Interaction, Region).

G.3.1.3b. Analyze how environmental knowledge and responsible action can encourage species' survival in the midst of air, water, and land issues (Human/ Environment Interaction, Region).

G.3.2. Analyze how the environment and environmental changes affect people.

G.3.2.3a. Detect and interpret how changes in the physical environment enhance or diminish its capacity to support human activity (Five Themes).

G.3.2.3b. Analyze how technological innovation may both solve environmental problems and create new ones (Five Themes).

G.3.3. Examine cultural characteristics, transmission, diffusion and interaction.

G.3.3.3a. Evaluate how the numerous subcultures that comprise a national culture interact and examine the consequences of their interaction (Five Themes).

G.3.3.3b. Analyze how peoples' responses to policy debates are shaped by cultural influences (Five Themes).

G.3.3.3c. Examine how communication technologies are bridging and impacting cultures (Five Themes).

WA.C.1. Civics: The student understands and can explain the core values and democratic principles of the United States as set forth in foundational documents, including the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.

C.1.1. Understand and interpret the major ideas set forth in the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and other foundational documents.

C.1.2. Examine key ideals of United States democracy such as individual human dignity, liberty, justice, equality, and the rule of law.

C.1.2.3a. Analyze why democratic ideals demand that people work together to reduce the disparity between those ideals and realities.

C.1.3. Examine representative government and citizen participation.

C.1.3.3a. Examine and evaluate how citizens use and influence governmental institutions and processes to solve problems.

WA.C.2. Civics: The student analyzes the purposes and organization of government and laws.

C.2.1. Understand and explain the organization of government at the federal, state, and local level including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

C.2.1.3a. Analyze problems and solutions related to the distribution of authority.

C.2.2. Understand the function and effect of law.

C.2.2.3a. Explain how the Constitution is maintained as the supreme law of the land and how it is changed or amended.

C.2.3. Compare and contrast democracies with other forms of government.

C.2.3.3a. Compare and contrast U.S. democracy and other forms of government.

WA.C.3. Civics: The student understands the purposes and organization of international relationships and how United States foreign policy is made.

C.3.1. Understand how the world is organized politically and how nations interact.

C.3.1.3a. Evaluate how national interests are maintained through international agreements, treaties, and alliances.

C.3.2. Recognize factors and roles that affect the development of foreign policy by the United States, other nations, and multinational organizations.

C.3.1.3a. Evaluate how national interests are maintained through international agreements, treaties, and alliances.

WA.C.4. Civics: The student understands the rights and responsibilities of citizenship and the principles of democratic civic involvement.

C.4.1. Understand individual rights and their accompanying responsibilities including problem-solving and decision-making at the local, state, national, and international level.

C.4.2. Identify and demonstrate rights of United States citizenship related to school, local, state, national, and international issues.

C.4.3. Explain how various stakeholders influence public policy.

WA.E.1. Economics: Students understand the impact of scarcity on their personal lives and on the households, businesses, governments, and societies in which they are participants.

E.1.1. Understand that the condition of scarcity requires people to choose among alternatives and bear the consequences of that choice.

E.1.1.3a. Using the concepts of scarcity, choice, and incentives explain the use of a contemporary resource.

E.1.1.3b. Analyze how choices made by businesses and individuals can impose costs on others.

E.1.2. Understand that the availability and use of resources influences the production of goods and services in the economy.

E.1.2.3a. Identify how cost of resources impact production decisions.

E.1.2.3b. Explain how the difficulty of assessing the real costs of resources has consequences on present and future production and quality of life.

WA.E.2. Economics: Students understand the essential characteristics of past and present economic systems.

E.2.1. Recognize that both buyers and sellers participate in voluntary trade because both expect to gain from the exchange.

E.2.1.3a. Explain how comparative advantage within markets leads to production choices and specialization.

E.2.2. Explain how different economic systems produce, distribute, and exchange goods and services.

E.2.2.3a. Evaluate how the nature of distribution may advantage or disadvantage particular groups of people.

E.2.2.3b. Predict how a change in a law or custom could affect production, distribution, or consumption of a good or service.

E.2.2.3c. Evaluate how the characteristics of economic systems may advantage or disadvantage particular groups of people.

E.2.3. Understand that prices in competitive markets create incentives that influence the choices of buyers and sellers.

E.2.3.3a. Explain how prices provide information and serve as incentives that assist producers and consumers in making decisions.

E.2.3.3b. Analyze how prices coordinate production and exchange in domestic and international markets.

E.2.4. Understand that investment in people, tools, and technology affects employment levels and standards of living.

E.2.4.3a. Explain how investments in human capital can increase productivity but such investments entail opportunity costs and risks.

WA.E.3. Economics: Students understand the role of government and institutions in past and present economic systems.

E.3.1. Analyze the role of government as participant in an economy through taxation, spending, and policy setting.

E.3.1.3a. Analyze costs and benefits of the roles of government in establishing and enforcing property rights or contractual agreements to protect the producer and consumer while attending to the public interest.

E.3.1.3b. Analyze costs and benefits of how governments redistribute income through taxation and government expenditures.

E.3.2. Understand the role of money, banking, and financial institutions and how individuals and businesses use them.

E.3.1.3b. Analyze costs and benefits of how governments redistribute income through taxation and government expenditures.

WA.1. CIVICS - The student understands and applies knowledge of government, law, politics, and the nation's fundamental documents to make decisions about local, national, and international issues and to demonstrate thoughtful, participatory citizenship.

1.1. Understands key ideals and principles of the United States, including those in the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and other fundamental documents.

1.1.2. APPLICATION OF IDEALS & PRINCIPLES: Evaluates relationships between key ideals and historical and current realities.

1.2. Understands the purposes, organization, and function of governments, laws, and political systems.

1.2.2. FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT: Evaluates the effectiveness of federalism in promoting the common good and protecting individual rights.

1.2.3. FORMS OF GOVERNMENT: Analyzes and evaluates the structures of state, tribal, and federal forms of governments by comparing them to those of other governments.

1.2.4. POLITICAL PARTIES: Understands and evaluates how political systems in the United States operate.

1.3. Understands the purposes and organization of international relationships and United States foreign policy.

1.3.1. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS: Evaluates the impact of international agreements on contemporary world issues.

1.4. Understands civic involvement.

1.4.1. CIVIC INVOLVEMENT: Analyzes and evaluates ways of influencing national governments and international organizations to establish or preserve individual rights and/or promote the common good.

WA.2. ECONOMICS - The student applies understanding of economic concepts and systems to analyze decision-making and the interactions between individuals, households, businesses, governments, and societies.

2.1. Understands that people have to make choices between wants and needs and evaluate the outcomes of those choices.

2.1.1. ECONOMIC CHOICES: Analyzes how economic choices made by groups and individuals in the global economy can impose costs and provide benefits.

2.2. Understands how economic systems function.

2.2.1. ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: Analyzes and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of different economic systems for countries and groups of people.

2.2.2. TRADE: Analyzes and evaluates the effects of specialization on global trade.

2.3. Understands the government's role in the economy.

2.3.1. GOVERNMENT AND THE ECONOMY: Evaluates the costs and benefits of governmental fiscal and monetary policies.

2.4. Understands the economic issues and problems that all societies face.

2.4.1. ECONOMIC ISSUES: Analyzes and evaluates how individuals affect and are affected by the distribution of resources and sustainability.

WA.3. GEOGRAPHY - The student uses a spatial perspective to make reasoned decisions by applying the concepts of location, region, and movement and demonstrating knowledge of how geographic features and human cultures impact environments.

3.1. Understands the physical characteristics, cultural characteristics, and location of places, regions, and spatial patterns on the Earth's surface.

3.1.1. MAPS AND GEOGRAPHIC TOOLS: Analyzes information from geographic tools, including computer-based mapping systems, to draw conclusions on an issue or event.

3.1.2. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF PLACES AND REGIONS: Evaluates the complexities of regions and problems involved in defining those regions.

3.2. Understands human interaction with the environment.

3.2.1. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION: Evaluates how human interaction with the environment has affected economic growth and sustainability.

3.2.2. CULTURE: Analyzes and evaluates the social and political factors affecting cultural interactions.

3.2.3. HUMAN MIGRATION: Analyzes and evaluates current opportunities and obstacles connected with international migration.

3.3. Understands the geographic context of global issues and events.

3.3.1. GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ISSUES: Analyzes how the geography of globalization affects local diversity.

WA.4. HISTORY - The student understands and applies knowledge of historical thinking, chronology, eras, turning points, major ideas, individuals, and themes in local, Washington State, tribal, United States, and world history in order to evaluate how history shapes the present and future.

4.2. Understands and analyzes causal factors that have shaped major events in history.

4.2.1. INDIVIDUALS AND MOVEMENTS: Evaluates how individuals and movements have shaped contemporary world issues.

4.2.2. CULTURES AND CULTURAL GROUPS: Analyzes how cultural identity can promote unity and division.

4.2.3. IDEAS AND TECHNOLOGY: Evaluates the ethics of current and future uses of technology based on how technology has shaped history.

4.3. Understands that there are multiple perspectives and interpretations of historical events.

4.3.1. HISTORICAL INTERPRETATION: Analyzes the motives and interests behind an interpretation of a recent event.

4.3.2. MULTIPLE CAUSATION: Evaluates the ramifications of mono-causal explanations of contemporary events in the world.

4.4. Uses history to understand the present and plan for the future.

4.4.1. HISTORICAL ANTECENDENTS: Evaluates positions on a current issue based on an analysis of history.

WA.5. SOCIAL STUDIES SKILLS - The student understands and applies reasoning skills to conduct research, deliberate, form, and evaluate positions through the processes of reading, writing, and communicating.

5.1. Uses critical reasoning skills to analyze and evaluate positions.

5.1.1. UNDERSTANDS REASONING: Analyzes the short-term and long-term implications of decisions affecting the global community.

5.1.2. EVALUATES REASONING: Evaluates the plausibility of an analysis of decisions affecting the global community.

5.2. Uses inquiry-based research.

5.2.2. ANALYZES SOURCES: Evaluates the breadth of research to determine the need for new or additional investigation when researching an issue or event.

5.3. Deliberates public issues.

5.3.1. DELIBERATION: Evaluates how the discussion and the proposed alternative resolutions changed or solidified one's own position on public issues.

5.4. Creates a product that uses social studies content to support a thesis and presents the product in an appropriate manner to a meaningful audience.

5.4.1. CREATES POSITION AND PRODUCT: Evaluates positions and evidence to make one's own decisions in a paper or presentation.