Washington State Standards for Science: Grade 2

1.1. Properties: Understand how properties are used to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects and how characteristics are used to categorize living things.

1.1.1. Physical Systems: Properties of Substances Motion of Objects: Understand simple properties of common natural and manufactured materials and objects.

1.1.1.a. Identify and describe a property of an object. 3
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.1.a.

1.1.1.b. Sort common materials and objects using a simple property (e.g., texture, color, size, shape). 26
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.1.b.

1.1.1.c. Sort common objects by multiple simple properties (e.g., texture and color; size and shape). 17
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.1.c.

1.1.1.d. Identify and describe the differences between common natural and manufactured materials and objects using properties. 11
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.1.d.

1.1.2. Physical Science: Motion of Objects: Understand the position and motion of common objects.

1.1.2.a. Know that things may move in many different ways (i.e., back and forth, fast and slow, round and round, straight). 7
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.2.a.

1.1.2.b. Describe that the way to change how something is moving is to give it a push or a pull. 4
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.2.b.

1.1.5. Earth and Space Science: Nature and Properties of Earth Materials: Understand physical properties of Earth materials.

1.1.5.a. Sort rocks based on size, shape, and other physical properties (e.g., color, texture). 3
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.5.a.

1.1.5.b. Illustrate and tell about the properties of water as a solid and liquid. 2
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.5.b.

1.1.5.c. Explain how some Earth materials are used by living things (e.g., water and soil for growing plants). 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.5.c.

1.1.6. Earth and Space Science: Characteristics of Living Matter: Understand characteristics of living organisms.

1.1.6.a. Identify observable characteristics of living organisms (e.g., spiders have eight legs; birds have feathers; plants have roots, stems, leaves, seeds, flowers). 43
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.6.a.

1.1.6.b. Observe and describe characteristics of living organisms (e.g., spiders have eight legs; birds have feathers; plants have roots, stems, leaves, seeds, flowers). 43
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.1.6.b.

1.2. Structures: Understand how components, structures, organizations, and interconnections describe systems.

1.2.1. Systems Structure: Structure of Physical Earth/Space and Living Systems: Understand that things are made of parts that go together. W

1.2.1.a. Identify the parts of objects, organisms, and materials (e.g., toys with moving parts, plants, animals, soils). 53
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.1.a.

1.2.1.b. Describe how the parts of objects, organisms, and materials go together. 55
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.1.b.

1.2.1.c. Construct simple devices to do common tasks using common materials and explain how the parts depend on each other (e.g., cardboard, wood, clay, rubber bands). 9
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.1.c.

1.2.3. Physical Systems: Structure of Matter: Know that common materials are made of smaller parts.

1.2.3.a. Sort objects based on component parts ( e.g., toys with wheels). 27
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.3.a.

1.2.3.b. Show that people use magnifiers to observe things they cannot see with their eyes. 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.3.b.

1.2.5. Earth and Space Systems: Components of the Solar System and Beyond (Universe): Know daily changes of the position of the Sun.

1.2.5.a. Observe and record (i.e., draw, construct, build, measure with nonstandard units) changes in the Sun's position in the sky during the day. 23
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.5.a.

1.2.6. Living Systems: Structure and Organization of Living Systems: Know that living things are made of small parts.

1.2.6.a. Observe and show how living things look different under a magnifier. 2
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.6.a.

1.2.6.b. Observe and identify the parts of an object seen under a magnifier. 1
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.6.b.

1.2.6.c. Illustrate or draw the small parts that make up the whole living thing. 137
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.6.c.

1.2.7. Living Systems: Molecular Basis of Heredity: Understand that plants and animals have life cycles.

1.2.7.a. Observe and describe the life cycle of a plant or animal (e.g., describe the life cycle of a butterfly - egg, caterpillar or larva, cocoon, and butterfly or adult). 136
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.7.a.

1.2.8. Life Systems: Human Biology: Know the external parts of the body.

1.2.8.a. Identify the external parts of the body (e. g., head, hands, fingers, eyes, ears). 28
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.8.a.

1.2.8.b. Draw and name the external parts of the body. 28
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.2.8.b.

1.3. Changes: Understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.

1.3.1. Physical Systems: Nature of Force: Know that a push or a pull is a force on an object but some forces can act without touching an object.

1.3.1.a. Observe and show that a push or a pull on an object is a force on that object. 15
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.1.a.

1.3.1.b. Observe and show that a magnet can push or pull some objects without touching the objects. 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.1.b.

1.3.2. Physical Systems: Forces to Explain Motion: Know that pushes and pulls can change the motion of common objects.

1.3.2.a. Observe and show that objects fall toward the ground because of the pull of Earth's gravity. 13
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.2.a.

1.3.2.b. Observe and show that magnets can make some objects move without touching the objects. 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.2.b.

1.3.3. Physical Systems: Conservation of Matter: Know that water can exist in different states: solid and liquid.

1.3.3.a. Observe and record water changing from solid to liquid. 12
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.3.a.

1.3.3.b. Describe the physical properties of water in solid and liquid states (e.g., hard, cold, wet). 11
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.3.b.

1.3.4. Earth and Space Systems: Processes and Interactions in the Earth System: Know that rocks break down to form pebbles and sand.

1.3.4.a. Describe how rocks can break down into smaller pieces (e.g., pebbles and sand) by the action of water. 3
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.4.a.

1.3.5. Earth and Space Systems: History and Evolution of the Earth: Know that fossils provide evidence of plants and animals that existed long ago.

1.3.5.a. Identify a fossil in a rock. 2
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.5.a.

1.3.5.b. Compare fossils (that represent the remains of prehistoric plants and animals) with similar living organisms (e.g., a fossil leaf with a leaf, a fossil shell with a shell). 1
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.5.b.

1.3.6. Physical Science: Hydrosphere and Atmosphere: Know common weather indicators and understand that weather conditions change from season to season.

1.3.6.a. Observe, measure, and record weather conditions, noting changes and patterns from day to day and over the seasons (e.g., temperature, wind, rain, snow). 16
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.6.a.

1.3.6.b. Name common weather conditions (e.g., rain, snow, wind). 19
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.6.b.

1.3.8. Living Systems: Life Processes and the Flow of Matter and Energy: Know that most living things need food, water, and air.

1.3.8.a. Observe and record that most living things need food, water, and air. 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.8.a.

1.3.8.b. Observe and record or demonstrate that plants need light. 16
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.8.b.

1.3.9. Living Systems: Biological Evolution: Know that fossils show how organisms looked long ago.

1.3.9.a. Observe and record how fossils are similar to living organisms (e.g., leaves, shells). 5
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.9.a.

1.3.10. Living Systems: Interdependence of Life: Know that plants and animals need a place to live.

1.3.10.a. Observe and show how organisms live in specific places (e.g., fish live in a pond). 48
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.10.a.

1.3.10.b. Describe how animals depend on plants or other animals for food. 18
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 1.3.10.b.

2.1. Investigating Systems: Develop the knowledge and skills necessary to do scientific inquiry.

2.1.1. Investigating Systems: Questioning: Understand how to ask a question about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.

2.1.1.a. Wonder and ask questions about objects, organisms, and events based on observations of the natural world. 17
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.1.a.

2.1.2. Investigating Systems: Planning and Conducting Safe Investigations: Understand how to plan and conduct simple investigations following all safety rules.

2.1.2.a. Make observations and record characteristics or properties. 24
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.2.a.

2.1.2.b. Make predictions of the results of an investigation. 20
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.2.b.

2.1.2.c. Plan and conduct an observational investigation that collects information about characteristics or properties. 20
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.2.c.

2.1.2.d. Collect data using simple equipment and tools that extend the senses (e.g., magnifiers, rulers, balances, scales, and thermometers). 1
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.2.d.

2.1.2.e. Follow all safety rules during investigations. 17
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.2.e.

2.1.3. Investigating Systems: Explaining: Understand how to construct a reasonable explanation using evidence.

2.1.3.a. Categorize and order observational data from multiple trials. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.3.a.

2.1.3.b. Explain an event or phenomenon using observations as evidence (e.g., shape, texture, size, weight, color, motion, and/or other physical properties). 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.3.b.

2.1.4. Investigating Systems: Modeling: Understand that models represent real objects, events, or processes.

2.1.4.a. Describe how a model (e.g., diagram or map and/or physical model) of something is similar to the real thing, such as an object, event, or process, and how it is different (e.g., size, shape, color). 25
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.4.a.

2.1.4.b. Create a simple model (e.g., diagram or map and/or physical model) of a common object, event, or process. 24
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.4.b.

2.1.5. Investigating Systems: Communicating: Understand how to record and report investigations, results, and explanations.

2.1.5.a. Report observations of simple investigations using drawings and simple sentences. 15
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.5.a.

2.1.5.b. Describe and or draw the materials used in the investigation (e.g., numbers, shapes, colors). 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.5.b.

2.1.5.c. Report safety procedures used during the investigation. 17
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.5.c.

2.1.5.d. Report the process used and results of the investigation (e.g., verbal, visual, written, and/or mathematical formats). 15
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.1.5.d.

2.2. Nature of Science: Understand the nature of scientific inquiry.

2.2.1. Nature of Science: Intellectual Honesty: Understand that all scientific observations are reported accurately even when the observations contradict expectations.

2.2.1.a. Record what is observed and explain how it was done accurately and honestly. 15
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.1.a.

2.2.1.b. Keep records and explain that the records have not been changed even when they did not match initial expectations. 15
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.1.b.

2.2.2. Nature of Science: Limitations of Science and Technology: Understand that observations and measurement are used by scientists to describe the world.

2.2.2.a. Raise questions about the natural world and seek answers by making careful observations and trying things out. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.2.a.

2.2.2.b. Make observations and measurements about natural phenomena. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.2.b.

2.2.3. Nature of Science: Evaluating Inconsistent Results: Understand that similar investigations may not produce similar results.

2.2.3.a. Observe the procedures of two similar investigations and explain that they produced different results. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.3.a.

2.2.5. Nature of Science: Evolution of Scientific Ideas: Know that ideas in science change as new scientific evidence arises.

2.2.5.a. Tell how scientific inquiry results in facts, unexpected findings, ideas, evidence, and explanations. 16
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 2.2.5.a.

3.1. Designing Solutions: Apply knowledge and skills of science and technology to design solutions to human problems or meet challenges.

3.1.1. Designing Solutions: Identifying Problems: Know and understand problems that can be solved or have been solved by using scientific design.

3.1.1.a. Identify and explain problems that can be solved through investigations and/or with tools. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.1.1.a.

3.1.1.b. Identify and describe a problem in a given situation (e.g., 'I want to make the plant grow faster'). 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.1.1.b.

3.1.1.c. Identify and name a common material, object, or tool that helps solve a simple problem. 23
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.1.1.c.

3.1.2. Designing Solutions: Designing and Testing Solutions: Understand how to construct and test a solution to a problem.

3.1.2.a. Propose, construct, and test a solution to a problem; give examples of possible solutions to the problem; select and construct a solution to the problem; test a solution to the problem 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.1.2.a.

3.1.3. Designing Solutions: Evaluating Potential Solutions: Understand how well a design or a product solves a problem.

3.1.3.a. Choose and justify at least one reason why a design or product would or would not work to solve a specific problem. 14
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.1.3.a.

3.2. Science, Technology, and Society: Analyze how science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, society, the workplace, and the environment.

3.2.1. Science, Technology and Society: All Peoples Contribute to Science and Technology: Know that science and technology are practiced by all peoples around the world.

3.2.1.a. Identify ways that people around the world use science and technology. 6
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.1.a.

3.2.1.b. Identify ways that people around the world use science and technology to invent things and ideas. 9
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.1.b.

3.2.2. Science, Technology and Society: Relationship of Science and Technology: Know that people have invented tools for everyday life.

3.2.2.a. Describe ways in which common tools help people in their everyday life. 2
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.2.a.

3.2.3. Science, Technology and Society: Careers and Occupations Using Science, Mathematics, and Technology: Know how knowledge and skills of science, mathematics, and technology are used in common occupations.

3.2.3.a. Tell at least one way that science, mathematics, or technology is used by a person in a job. 2
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.3.a.

3.2.4. Science, Technology and Society: Environmental and resource Issues: Understand how humans depend on the natural environment.

3.2.4.a. Describe what humans obtain from their environment (e.g., a school garden yields vegetables; a sheep yields wool, which is used to make sweaters). 46
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.4.a.

3.2.4.b. Describe what organisms obtain from their environment (e.g., a school plant needs water and sunlight). 46
Suggested Titles for Washington Science State Standard 3.2.4.b.

2-3.LS3. Variation of Inherited Characteristics: In prior grades students learned that some objects are alive and others are not, and that many living things can be classified as either plants or animals. In grades 2-3, students learn about variations in inherited characteristics. That is, when plants and animals reproduce, the offspring closely resemble their parents. But the offspring are not exactly the same as their parents. Some variations among animals and plants help them survive changing conditions. Those plants and animals unable to survive and reproduce became extinct. Fossils represent the remains of plants and animals, including some that are extinct. Many extinct plants and animals looked something like plants and animals that are alive today, while others were very different from anything alive today. This topic engages students in looking closely at plants and animals and noticing similarities and subtle differences. It also lays the foundation for later study of Evolution and of Earth History.