Maryland State Standards for Social Studies: Grade 4

MD.1.0. Political Science: Students will understand the historical development and current status of the fundamental concepts and processes of authority, power, and influence, with particular emphasis on the democratic skills and attitudes necessary to become responsible citizens.

1.A. The foundations and function of government

1.A.1. Trace how the political structure in early Maryland developed and changed over time

1.A.1.a. Describe how the colony of Maryland was established and governed including the establishment of rule of law and power with authority, such as proprietorships, royal governor, and early general assembly 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.1.a.

1.A.1.b. Explain the importance of the office of the governor and the court of appeals 8
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.1.b.

1.A.1.c. Outline the structure and function of the Maryland general assembly and the roles of state senators and delegates 8
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.1.c.

1.A.2. Analyze the documents, and democratic ideas that developed in the Maryland colony

1.A.2.a. Analyze how colonial law influenced individuals in Maryland and other colonies, such as indentured servants contracts, tolerance acts of 1649, Maryland charter of 1632 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.2.a.

1.A.2.b. Describe how the Maryland state Constitution includes democratic principles and values 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.2.b.

1.A.3. Analyze the role of Maryland government regarding public policy and issues

1.A.3.a. Analyze perspectives and policies in Maryland regarding historic and current public issues 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.3.a.

1.A.3.b. Explain the effect that regional interests have on shaping government policy in and around Maryland, such as Chesapeake Bay issues, availability of land for mining, land use 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.A.3.b.

1.B. Individual and group participation in the political system

1.B.1. Analyze how individuals and groups contributed to the political system in Maryland

1.B.1.a. Describe the contributions of 17th century English settlers who influenced the early political structure 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.B.1.a.

1.B.1.b. Research the role of Marylanders who influenced the building of our new nation, such as the sons of liberty, William Paca, Charles Carroll, Thomas Stone, and Samuel Chase 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.B.1.b.

1.B.2. Defend the importance of civic participation as a citizen of Maryland

1.B.2.a. Identify various sources of information that are available to citizens to make political decisions 8
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.B.2.a.

1.B.2.b. Analyze ways people can participate in the political process including voting, petitioning elected officials, and volunteering 13
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.B.2.b.

1.C. Protecting rights and maintaining order

1.C.1. Describe rights and responsibilities of being a citizen in Maryland

1.C.1.a. Describe responsibilities associated with certain basic rights of citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, and press, and explain why these responsibilities are important 12
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.C.1.a.

1.C.1.b. Describe the role of Maryland state judiciary system 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.C.1.b.

1.C.2. Explain how Maryland government protects the rights of individuals and groups

1.C.2.a. Describe the rule of law and explain how it impacts individuals and groups 5
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.C.2.a.

1.C.2.b. Describe the balance between private life and government in providing order and protecting rights 10
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 1.C.2.b.

MD.2.0. Peoples of the Nation and World: Students will understand the diversity and commonality, human interdependence, and global cooperation of the people of Maryland, the United States and the world through both a multicultural and historic perspective.

2.A. Elements of culture

2.A.1. Describe the various cultures of early societies of Maryland

2.A.1.a. Define how culture influences people 16
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.A.1.a.

2.A.1.b. Describe the social, political and religious character of the earliest colonies 1
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.A.1.b.

2.A.1.c. Examine and describe the unique and diverse cultures of early Native American societies 2
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.A.1.c.

2.A.1.d. Compare the early cultures of the Native Americans with the European settlers and their influences on each other 2
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.A.1.d.

2.B. Cultural diffusion

2.B.1. Analyze how Maryland society was influenced by the contributions of people and groups

2.B.1.a. Describe the contributions of past Maryland leaders 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.B.1.a.

2.B.1.b. Describe the contribution of individuals and groups 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.B.1.b.

2.B.2. Describe cultural characteristics of various groups of people in Maryland

2.B.2.a. Describe the similarities and differences of religious, ethnic, and economic groups in colonial and contemporary times 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.B.2.a.

2.B.2.b. Site example of how various cultures borrow and share traditions 7
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.B.2.b.

2.C. Conflict and compromise

2.C.1. Evaluate how various perspectives of Marylanders can cause compromise and/or conflict

2.C.1.a. Describe the differing historical conflicts such as between the patriots and loyalists 34
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.C.1.a.

2.C.1.b. Investigate the causes of contemporary conflict and compromises 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 2.C.1.b.

MD.3.0. Geography: Students will use geographic concepts and processes to examine the role of culture, technology, and the environment in the location and distribution of human activities and spatial connections throughout time.

3.A. Using geographic tools

3.A.1. Use geographic tools to locate places and describe the human and physical characteristics of those places

3.A.1.a. Construct and interpret a variety of maps using map elements 18
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.A.1.a.

3.A.1.b. Use photographs, maps, charts, graphs, and atlases to describe geographic characteristics of Maryland/United States 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.A.1.b.

3.A.1.c. Identify and locate natural/physical features and human-made features of Maryland such as Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont Plateau, and Atlantic Coastal Plain 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.A.1.c.

3.A.1.d. Identify and locate natural/physical features and human-made features of the United States 17
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.A.1.d.

3.B. Geographic characteristics of places and regions

3.B.1. Describe similarities and differences of regions by using geographic characteristics

3.B.1.a. Compare physical characteristics of different places and regions of Maryland and the United States including natural/physical features, weather and climate, soil, vegetation, minerals and animal life 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.B.1.a.

3.B.1.b. Compare human characteristics of different places and regions of Maryland the United States, including human-made features, language, religions, political systems, economic activity, and population distribution 10
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.B.1.b.

3.B.1.c. Describe how geographic characteristics of a place or region change over time and affect the way people live and work 11
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.B.1.c.

3.C. Movement of people, goods and ideas

3.C.1. Describe and analyze population growth, migration, and settlement patterns in Maryland and regions of the United States

3.C.1.a. Explain how geographic characteristics influenced settlement patterns in Maryland and the United States 36
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.C.1.a.

3.C.1.b. Explain how changes in transportation and communication led to the growth and development of towns and cities in Maryland and United States 10
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.C.1.b.

3.C.1.c. Describe the transportation and communication networks for the movement of people, goods, and ideas to, from and within Maryland such as Bay Bridge, National Road, B & O Railroad, the Port of Baltimore, and C & O Canal 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.C.1.c.

3.C.1.d. Identify the reasons for the movement of peoples to, from, and within Maryland and the United States 9
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.C.1.d.

3.D. Modifying and adapting to the environment

3.D.1. Describe how people adapt to, modify and impact the natural environment

3.D.1.a. Compare ways Native American societies in Maryland used the natural environment for food, clothing, and shelter 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.D.1.a.

3.D.1.b. Describe ways and reasons people in Maryland and the United States modify the natural environment and the consequences of modifications 35
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.D.1.b.

3.D.1.c. Explain how the growth of communities and suburbs have had consequences on the environment, loss of farmland, and pollution 43
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.D.1.c.

3.D.1.d. Describe how land use and urban growth are influenced by governmental decisions 2
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 3.D.1.d.

MD.4.0. Economics: Students will develop economic reasoning to understand the historical development and current status of economic principles, institutions, and processes needed to be effective citizens, consumers, and workers participating in local communities, the nation, and the world.

4.A. Scarcity and economic decision-making

4.A.1. Explain that people must make choices because resources are limited relative to economic wants for goods and services in Maryland, past and present

4.A.1.a. Identify opportunity cost of economic decisions made by individuals, businesses, and governments 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.1.a.

4.A.2. Explain how limited economic resources are used to produce goods and services to satisfy economic wants in Maryland

4.A.2.a. Describe how scarcity and the availability of economic resources determine what is produced and the effects on consumers 1
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.2.a.

4.A.3. Explain how technological changes have affected production and consumption in Maryland

4.A.3.a. Describe how changes in technology, such as refrigeration, impacted the lives of consumers 11
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.3.a.

4.A.3.b. Describe how entrepreneurship inspired technological changes and affected business productivity 5
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.3.b.

4.A.4. Describe regional economic specialization in Maryland and the ways people live and work

4.A.4.a. Explain how available resources determine which careers are more common in one region such as waterman on the eastern shore 7
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.4.a.

4.A.4.b. Describe how specialization results in the interdependence of people 9
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.A.4.b.

4.B. Economic systems and the role of government in the economy

4.B.1. Describe the types of economic systems in Maryland

4.B.1.a. Provide examples of tradition in the Maryland economy, such as businesses and skills that are handed down through families 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.1.a.

4.B.1.b. Give examples of the kinds of goods and services produced in Maryland during different historical periods 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.1.b.

4.B.2. Describe the role of government in regulating economic activity and providing goods and services

4.B.2.a. Give examples of how governments' decision making affect economic growth and the ability to provide jobs and provide services 11
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.2.a.

4.B.2.b. Explain how local and state governments in Maryland provide goods and services and are paid for by taxes 14
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.2.b.

4.B.2.c. Give examples of government's rules and laws that affect how people in businesses work such as, requiring licenses to drive and regulating resources 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.2.c.

4.B.3. Examine the progression from a barter system to a money economy in Colonial America

4.B.3.a. Give examples of barter exchanges of goods and services in Maryland 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.3.a.

4.B.3.b. Give examples of contemporary money exchanges 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 4.B.3.b.

MD.5.0. History: Students will examine significant ideas, beliefs, and themes; organize patterns and events; and analyze how individuals and societies have changed over time in Maryland, the United States and around the world.

5.A. Individuals and societies change over time

5.A.1. Analyze the chronology and significance of key historical events leading to early settlement in Maryland

5.A.1.a. Explain how and why the Maryland colony was established, including political and economic motives for coming to the new world 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.A.1.a.

5.A.1.b. Compare the development of places and regions, such as St. Mary's City, western Maryland, Kent Island, and Annapolis 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.A.1.b.

5.A.1.c. Describe the establishment of slavery and how it shaped life in Maryland 15
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.A.1.c.

5.A.2. Compare Native American societies in Maryland before and after European colonization

5.A.2.a. Identify the development of indigenous societies from the pale- Indians to the woodland Indians 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.A.2.a.

5.A.2.b. Describe Native American societies indigenous to Maryland after European contact 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.A.2.b.

5.C. Conflict between ideas and institutions

5.C.1. Examine the consequences of interactions among groups and cultures in Maryland

5.C.1.a. Describe Maryland colonists' reactions to changing economic policies from England using events that led to the American Revolutionary war 12
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.1.a.

5.C.1.b. Explain the interactions between colonists and the British during the pre-revolutionary period 6
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.1.b.

5.C.2. Explain the political, cultural, economic and social changes in Maryland during the early 1800s

5.C.2.a. Describe Maryland's role in the war of 1812 8
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.2.a.

5.C.2.b. Describe the importance of changes in industry, transportation, education, rights and freedoms in Maryland, such as roads and canals, slavery, B&O Railroad, the National Road, immigration, public schools, and religious freedoms 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.2.b.

5.C.2.c. Conflict between ideas and institutions 4
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.2.c.

5.C.3. Analyze regional differences in the Civil War and its effects on people in Maryland

5.C.3.a. Describe the economic interests in Maryland, such as agricultural v. Industrial and slave v. Non-slave 9
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.3.a.

5.C.3.b. Explain why loyalties to the north and the south were divided in Maryland 9
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.3.b.

5.C.4. Analyze how the institution of slavery impacted individuals and groups in Maryland

5.C.4.a. Compare the lives of slave families and free blacks 16
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.4.a.

5.C.4.b. Describe the anti-slavery movement in Maryland 3
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.4.b.

5.C.4.c. Describe the growth of the Underground Railroad 1
Suggested Titles for Maryland Social Studies State Standard 5.C.4.c.