Louisiana State Standards for Language Arts: Grade 8

LA.ELA-1. Students read, comprehend, and respond to a range of materials, using a variety of strategies for different purposes.

ELA-1-M1 Using knowledge of word meaning and developing basic and technical vocabulary using various strategies (e.g., context clues, idioms, affixes, etymology, multiple-meaning words).

ELA-1-M1-GLE 1 Reading and Responding: Develop vocabulary using a variety of strategies, including:

ELA-1-M1-GLE 1.a. Use of connotative and denotative meanings.

ELA-1-M1-GLE 1.b. Use of Greek, Latin, and Anglo-Saxon roots and word parts (ELA-1-M1)

ELA-1-M2 Interpreting story elements (e.g., mood, tone, style) and literary devices (e.g., flashback, metaphor, foreshadowing, symbolism) within a selection.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2 Reading and Responding: Interpret story elements, including:

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.a. Stated and implied themes.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.b. Development of character types (e.g., flat, round, dynamic, static).

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.c. Effectiveness of plot sequence and/or subplots.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.d. The relationship of conflicts and multiple conflicts (e.g., man vs. man, nature, society, self) to plot.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.e. Difference in third-person limited and omniscient points of view.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 2.f. How a theme is developed (ELA-1-M2)

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3 Reading and Responding: Interpret literary devices, including:

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3.a. Allusions.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3.b. Understatement (meiosis).

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3.c. How word choice and images appeal to the senses and suggest mood and tone.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3.d. The use of foreshadowing and flashback to direct plot development.

ELA-1-M2-GLE 3.e. The effects of hyperbole and symbolism (ELA-1-M2)

ELA-1-M3 Reading, comprehending, and responding to written, spoken, and visual texts in extended passages (e.g., ranging from 500-1,000 words).

ELA-1-M3-GLE 4 Reading and Responding: Draw conclusions and make inferences in print and nonprint responses about ideas and information in grade-appropriate texts, including:

ELA-1-M3-GLE 4.a. Epics.

ELA-1-M3-GLE 4.b. Consumer materials.

ELA-1-M3-GLE 4.c. Public documents (ELA-1-M3)

ELA-1-M4 Interpreting (e.g., paraphrasing, comparing, contrasting) texts with supportive explanations to generate connections to real life situations and other texts (e.g., business, technical, scientific).

ELA-1-M4-GLE 5 Reading and Responding: Interpret ideas and information in a variety of texts (e.g., scientific reports, technical guidelines, business memos) and make connections to real-life situations and other texts (ELA-1-M4)

ELA-1-M5 Adjusting reading rate according to texts and purposes for reading (e.g., problem solving, evaluating, researching).

LA.ELA-2. Students write competently for a variety of purposes and audiences.

ELA-2-M1 Writing multi-paragraph compositions (150-200 words) that clearly imply a central idea with supporting details in a logical, sequential order.

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15 Writing: Write complex, multiparagraph compositions on student- or teacher-selected topics organized with the following:

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.a. A clearly stated focus or central idea.

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.b. Important ideas or events stated in a selected order.

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.c. Organizational patterns (e.g., comparison/contrast, order of importance, chronological order) appropriate to the topic.

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.d. Elaboration (anecdotes, relevant facts, examples, and/or specific details).

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.e. Transitional words and phrases that unify ideas and points.

ELA-2-M1-GLE 15.f. An overall structure (e.g., introduction, body/middle, and concluding paragraph that summarizes important ideas and details) (ELA-2-M1)

ELA-2-M1-GLE 16 Writing: Organize individual paragraphs with topic sentences, relevant elaboration, and concluding sentences (ELA-2-M1)

ELA-2-M2 Using language, concepts, and ideas that show an awareness of the intended audience and/or purpose (e.g., classroom, real-life, workplace) in developing complex compositions.

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17 Writing: Develop grade-appropriate compositions on student- or teacher-selected topics that include the following:

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17.a. Word choices (diction) appropriate to the identified audience and/or purpose.

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17.b. Vocabulary selected to clarify meaning, create images, and set a tone.

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17.c. Information/ideas selected to engage the interest of the reader.

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17.d. Clear voice (individual personality).

ELA-2-M2-GLE 17.e. Variety in sentence structure (ELA-2-M2)

ELA-2-M3 Identifying and applying the steps of the writing process.

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18 Writing: Develop grade-appropriate compositions by identifying and applying writing processes such as the following:

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.a. Selecting topic and form.

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.b. Prewriting (e.g., brainstorming, researching, raising questions, generating graphic organizers).

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.c. Drafting.

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.d. Conferencing (e.g., peer and teacher).

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.e. Revising based on feedback and use of various tools (e.g., LEAP21 Writer's Checklist, rubrics).

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.f. Proofreading/editing.

ELA-2-M3-GLE 18.g. Publishing using technology (ELA-2-M3)

ELA-2-M4 Using narration, description, exposition, and persuasion to develop various modes of writing (e.g., notes, essays).

ELA-2-M4-GLE 19 Writing: Develop grade-appropriate paragraphs and multiparagraph compositions using the various modes of writing (e.g., description, narration, exposition, and persuasion), emphasizing narration and exposition (ELA-2-M4)

ELA-2-M4-GLE 20 Writing: Use the various modes to write compositions, including:

ELA-2-M4-GLE 20.a. Short stories developed with literary devices.

ELA-2-M4-GLE 20.b. Problem/solution essays.

ELA-2-M4-GLE 20.c. Essays defending a stated position (ELA-2-M4)

ELA-2-M5 Identifying and applying literary devices (e.g., symbolism, dialogue).

ELA-2-M5-GLE 21 Writing: Develop writing using a variety of literary devices, including understatements and allusions (ELA-2-M5)

ELA-2-M6 Writing as a response to texts and life experiences (e.g., personal and business letters).

ELA-2-M6-GLE 22 Writing: Write for a wide variety of purposes, including:

ELA-2-M6-GLE 22.a. Persuasive letters that include appropriate wording and tone and that state an opinion.

ELA-2-M6-GLE 22.b. Evaluations of advertisements, political cartoons, and speeches.

ELA-2-M6-GLE 22.c. Text-supported interpretations of elements of grade-appropriate stories, poems, plays, and novels (ELA-2-M6)

LA.ELA-3. Students communicate using standard English grammar, usage, sentence structure, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and handwriting.

ELA-3-M1 Writing fluidly and legibly in cursive or printed form.

ELA-3-M2 Demonstrating use of punctuation (e.g., colon, semicolon, quotation marks, dashes, parentheses), capitalization, and abbreviations.

ELA-3-M2-GLE 23 Writing/Proofreading: Use standard English capitalization and punctuation consistently (ELA-3-M2)

ELA-3-M3 Demonstrating standard English structure and usage by using correct and varied sentence types (e.g., compound and compound-complex) and effective personal styles.

ELA-3-M3-GLE 24 Writing/Proofreading: Write paragraphs and compositions following standard English structure and usage, including:

ELA-3-M3-GLE 24.a. Varied sentence structures and patterns, including complex sentences.

ELA-3-M3-GLE 24.b. Phrases and clauses used correctly as modifiers (ELA-3-M3)

ELA-3-M4 Demonstrating understanding of the parts of speech to make choices for writing.

ELA-3-M4-GLE 25 Writing/Proofreading: Apply knowledge of parts of speech in writing, including:

ELA-3-M4-GLE 25.a. Infinitives, participles, and gerunds.

ELA-3-M4-GLE 25.b. Superlative and comparative degrees of adjectives.

ELA-3-M4-GLE 25.c. Adverbs (ELA-3-M4)

ELA-3-M5 Spelling accurately using strategies and resources (e.g., glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, spell check) when necessary.

ELA-3-M5-GLE 26 Writing/Proofreading: Spell high-frequency, commonly confused, frequently misspelled words and derivatives (e.g., roots and affixes) correctly (ELA-3-M5)

ELA-3-M5-GLE 27 Writing/Proofreading: Use a variety of resources (e.g., glossaries, dictionaries, thesauruses, spell check) to find correct spellings (ELA-3-M5)

LA.ELA-4. Students demonstrate competence in speaking and listening as tools for learning and communicating.

ELA-4-M1 Speaking intelligibly, using standard English pronunciation and diction.

ELA-4-M1-GLE 28 Speaking and Listening: Adjust diction and enunciation to suit the purpose for speaking (ELA-4-M1)

ELA-4-M1-GLE 29 Speaking and Listening: Use standard English grammar, diction, syntax, and pronunciation when speaking (ELA-4-M1)

ELA-4-M2 Giving and following directions/procedures.

ELA-4-M2-GLE 30 Speaking and Listening: Follow procedures (e.g., read, question, write a response, form groups) from detailed oral instructions (ELA-4-M2)

ELA-4-M2-GLE 31 Speaking and Listening: State oral directions/procedures for tasks (ELA-4-M2)

ELA-4-M3 Using the features of speaking (e.g., audience analysis, message construction, delivery, interpretation of feedback) when giving rehearsed and unrehearsed presentations.

ELA-4-M3-GLE 32 Speaking and Listening: Adjust volume and inflection to suit the audience and purpose of presentations (ELA-4-M3)

ELA-4-M3-GLE 33 Speaking and Listening: Organize oral presentations with a thesis, an introduction, a body/middle developed with relevant details, and a conclusion (ELA-4-M3)

ELA-4-M4 Speaking and listening for a variety of audiences (e.g., classroom, real-life, workplace) and purposes (e.g., awareness, concentration, enjoyment, information, problem solving).

ELA-4-M4-GLE 34 Speaking and Listening: Determine the credibility of the speaker (e.g., hidden agenda, slanted or biased materials) (ELA-4-M4)

ELA-4-M4-GLE 35 Speaking and Listening: Deliver grade-appropriate persuasive presentations (ELA-4-M4)

ELA-4-M4-GLE 36 Speaking and Listening: Summarize a speaker's purpose and point of view (ELA-4-M4)

ELA-4-M5 Listening and responding to a wide variety of media.

ELA-4-M5-GLE 37 Speaking and Listening: Compare, contrast, and evaluate information found in a wide variety of text/electronic media, (e.g., microprint, public speeches, art form) (ELA-4-M5)

ELA-4-M6 Participating in a variety of roles in group discussions (e.g., facilitator, recorder).

ELA-4-M6-GLE 38 Speaking and Listening: Participate in group and panel discussions, including:

ELA-4-M6-GLE 38.a. Explaining the effectiveness and dynamics of group process.

ELA-4-M6-GLE 38.b. Applying agreed-upon rules for formal and informal discussions.

ELA-4-M6-GLE 38.c. Assuming a variety of roles (e.g., facilitator, recorder, leader, listener) (ELA-4-M6)

LA.ELA-5. Students locate, select, and synthesize information from a variety of texts, media, references, and technological source acquire and communicate knowledge.

ELA-5-M1 Identifying and using organizational features of printed text, other media, and electronic information (e.g., microprint, CD-ROM, e-mail).

ELA-5-M1-GLE 39 Information Resources: Locate and select information using organizational features of grade-appropriate resources, including:

ELA-5-M1-GLE 39.a. Complex reference sources (e.g., almanacs, atlases, newspapers, magazines, brochures, map legends, prefaces, appendices).

ELA-5-M1-GLE 39.b. Electronic storage devices (e.g., CD-ROMs, diskettes, software, drives).

ELA-5-M1-GLE 39.c. Frequently accessed and bookmarked Web addresses.

ELA-5-M1-GLE 39.d. Organizational features of electronic information (e.g., Web resources including online sources and remote sites) (ELA-5-M1)

ELA-5-M2 Integrating information sources.

ELA-5-M2-GLE 40 Information Resources: Locate and integrate information from a variety of grade-appropriate resources, including:

ELA-5-M2-GLE 40.a. Multiple printed texts (e.g., encyclopedias, atlases, library catalogs, specialized dictionaries, almanacs, technical encyclopedias).

ELA-5-M2-GLE 40.b. Electronic sources (e.g., Web sites, databases).

ELA-5-M2-GLE 40.c. Other media sources (e.g., audio and video tapes, films, documentaries, television, radio) (ELA-5-M2)

ELA-5-M2-GLE 41 Information Resources: Explain the usefulness and accuracy of sources by determining their validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date, coverage) (ELA-5-M2)

ELA-5-M3 Locating, gathering, and selecting information using formal outlining, paraphrasing, interviewing, and surveying to produce documented texts and graphics.

ELA-5-M3-GLE 42 Information Resources: Gather and select information using data-gathering strategies/tools, including:

ELA-5-M3-GLE 42.a. Surveying.

ELA-5-M3-GLE 42.b. Interviewing.

ELA-5-M3-GLE 42.c. Paraphrasing (ELA-5-M3)

ELA-5-M3-GLE 43 Information Resources: Generate grade-appropriate research reports that include information presented in a variety of forms, including:

ELA-5-M3-GLE 43.a. Visual representations of data/information.

ELA-5-M3-GLE 43.b. Graphic organizers (e.g., outlines, timelines, charts, webs).

ELA-5-M3-GLE 43.c. Works cited lists and/or bibliographies (ELA-5-M3)

ELA-5-M4 Using available technology to produce, revise, and publish a variety of works (e.g., documented research reports, investigative reports, annotated bibliographies).

ELA-5-M4-GLE 44 Information Resources: Use word processing and/or other technology to draft, revise, and publish a variety of works, including documented research reports with bibliographies (ELA-5-M4)

ELA-5-M5 Citing references using various formats (e.g., endnotes, annotated bibliographies).

ELA-5-M5-GLE 45 Information Resources: Give credit for borrowed information following acceptable use policy, including:

ELA-5-M5-GLE 45.a. Integrating quotations and citations.

ELA-5-M5-GLE 45.b. Using endnotes.

ELA-5-M5-GLE 45.c. Creating bibliographies and/or works cited lists (ELA-5-M5)

ELA-5-M6 Identifying and interpreting graphic organizers (e.g., flowcharts, timelines, tree diagrams).

ELA-5-M6-GLE 46 Information Resources: Interpret information from a variety of graphic organizers including timelines, charts, schedules, tables, diagrams, and maps in grade-appropriate sources (ELA-5-M6)

LA.ELA-6. Students read, analyze, and respond to literature as a record of life experiences.

ELA-6-M1 Comparing/contrasting and responding to United States and world literature that represents the experiences and traditions of diverse ethnic groups.

ELA-6-M1-GLE 6 Reading and Responding: Analyze universal themes found in a variety of world and multicultural texts in oral and written responses (ELA-6-M1)

ELA-6-M2 Identifying, comparing and responding to a variety of classic and contemporary fiction and non-fiction literature from many genres (e.g., novels, drama).

ELA-6-M2-GLE 7 Reading and Responding: Compare and contrast elements (e.g., plot, setting, character, theme) in multiple genres (ELA-6-M2)

ELA-6-M3 Classifying and interpreting various genres according to their unique characteristics.

ELA-6-M3-GLE 8 Reading and Responding: Use knowledge of the distinctive characteristics to classify and explain the significance of various genres, including:

ELA-6-M3-GLE 8.a. Fiction (e.g., mystery, novel).

ELA-6-M3-GLE 8.b. Nonfiction (e.g., workplace documents, editorials).

ELA-6-M3-GLE 8.c. Poetry (e.g., lyric, narrative).

ELA-6-M3-GLE 8.d. Drama (e.g., plays) (ELA-6-M3)

LA.ELA-7. Students apply reasoning and problem-solving skills to reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing, and visually representing.

ELA-7-M1 Using comprehension strategies (e.g., summarizing, recognizing literary devices, paraphrasing) to analyze oral, written, and visual texts.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9 Reading and Responding: Demonstrate understanding of information in grade-appropriate texts using a variety of strategies, including:

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.a. Sequencing events to examine and evaluate information.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.b. Summarizing and paraphrasing to examine and evaluate information.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.c. Interpreting stated or implied main ideas.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.d. Comparing and contrasting literary elements and ideas within and across texts.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.e. Making inferences and drawing conclusions.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.f. Predicting the outcome of a story or situation.

ELA-7-M1-GLE 9.g. Identifying literary devices (ELA-7-M1)

ELA-7-M2 Using reasoning skills (e.g., categorizing, prioritizing), life experiences, accumulated knowledge, and relevant available information resources to solve problems in oral, written, and visual texts.

ELA-7-M2-GLE 10 Reading and Responding: Explain the relationship between life experiences and texts to generate solutions to problems (ELA-7-M2)

ELA-7-M2-GLE 11 Reading and Responding: Use technical information and other available resources (e.g., Web sites, interviews) to solve problems (ELA-7-M2)

ELA-7-M3 Interpreting the effects of an author's purpose (reason for writing) and viewpoint (perspective).

ELA-7-M3-GLE 12 Reading and Responding: Evaluate the effectiveness of an author's purpose (ELA-7-M3)

ELA-7-M3-GLE 13 Reading and Responding: Analyze an author's viewpoint by assessing appropriateness of evidence and persuasive techniques (e.g., appeal to authority, social disapproval) (ELA-7-M3)

ELA-7-M4 Using inductive and deductive reasoning skills across oral, written, and visual texts.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14 Reading and Responding: Analyze grade-appropriate print and nonprint texts using various reasoning skills, including:

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.a. Identifying cause-effect relationships.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.b. Raising questions.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.c. Reasoning inductively and deductively.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.d. Generating a theory or hypothesis.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.e. Skimming/scanning.

ELA-7-M4-GLE 14.f. Distinguishing facts from opinions and probability (ELA-7-M4)