Kansas State Standards for Language Arts: Kindergarten

KS.1. Reading: The student reads and comprehends text across the curriculum.

1.1. The student uses skills in alphabetics to construct meaning from text.

1.1.1. The student identifies sounds of both upper and lower case letters of the alphabet (Letter-sound Relationships). 115
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.1.

1.1.2. The student identifies names of both upper and lower case letters of the alphabet. 45
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.2.

1.1.3. The student distinguishes letters from words by recognizing that words are separated by spaces. 45
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.3.

1.1.4. The student demonstrates phonemic awareness skills by hearing and orally manipulating sounds (e.g., phoneme isolation, identification, categorization, blending, segmentation, deletion, addition, substitution (Phonemic Awareness). 18
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.4.

1.1.5. The student identifies and makes oral rhymes and begins to hear onsets and rimes (e.g., alliteration, intonation (Phonological Awareness). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.5.

1.1.6. The student demonstrates an understanding of graphemes and phonemes (i.e., sound-symbol relationships) in written and spoken language (Phonics). 90
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.6.

1.2. The student reads fluently.

1.2.1. The student demonstrates an understanding of concepts of print (e.g., front-to-back, top-to-bottom, left-to-right) and begins to track print. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.1.

1.2.2. The student locates periods, question marks, and exclamation points. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.2.

1.2.3. The student imitates the rhythm of speech in emergent oral reading. 75
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.3.

1.3. The student expands vocabulary.

1.3.1. The student reads one-syllable and often-heard words by sight. 51
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.1.

1.3.2. The student uses picture clues to identify unknown words and meanings. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.2.

1.4. The student comprehends a variety of text (narrative, expository, technical, and persuasive).

1.4.1. The student participates in discussions about narrative and expository texts read to them. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.1.

1.4.2. The student identifies and discusses title, author, illustrator, and illustrations. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.2.

1.4.3. The student uses pictures, content, and prior knowledge to make predictions. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.3.

1.4.4. The student responds logically to literal, inferential, and critical thinking questions before, during, and after listening to the text. 20
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.4.

1.4.5. The student uses picture clues, text, and prior knowledge to make inferences and draw conclusions. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.5.

1.4.6. The student develops awareness of text structure (e.g., sequence, problem-solution). 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.6.

1.4.7. The student sequences 2-3 events in order. 30
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.7.

1.4.8. The student compares and contrasts information in illustrations, prior knowledge, and texts read aloud. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.8.

1.4.9. The student retells or role plays important events and information from the text. 46
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.9.

1.4.10. The student explains the topic of a selection that has been read aloud (e.g., What is the book about?). 31
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.10.

KS.2. Literature: The student responds to a variety of text.

2.1. The student uses literary concepts to interpret and respond to text.

2.1.1. The student identifies and discusses character(s) in literature. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.1.

2.1.2. The student identifies and talks about events in the story and why they are important. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.2.

2.1.3. The student identifies and discusses problem and solution. 1
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.3.

2.2. The student understands the significance of literature and its contributions to human understanding and culture.

2.2.1. The student recognizes and discusses cultural elements in books read aloud. 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.1.

1.1.7. The student writes a complete sentence about one idea (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.7.

1.1.8. The student communicates feelings through drawings and/or words (Voice: drafting, revising: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.8.

1.1.9. The student recognizes the difference between nouns, verbs and environmental print (Word Choice: drafting, revising: N, E). 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.9.

1.1.10. The student explores the use of new words to make writing more interesting (Word Choice: drafting, revising: N, E). 21
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.10.

1.1.11. The student communicates a complete thought (Sentence Fluency: drafting, revising: N, E). 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.11.

1.1.15. The student leaves spaces between words (Conventions: drafting, revising: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.15.

1.1.16. The student capitalizes the first letter of their first and last names (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E) . 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.16.

1.1.17. The student uses most consonant and most vowel sounds correctly (Conventions: drafting, revising: N, E). 70
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.17.

1.1.18. The student spells own name and writes most letters correctly (Conventions: drafting, editing: N, E). 47
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.18.

1.2.4. The student orally gives credit to an information source (Ideas and Content: presentation: N, E). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.4.

1.2.8. The student participates in shared writing activities where prewriting strategies are introduced (Organization: prewriting, drafting: N, E). 18
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.8.

1.2.9. The student writes left to right and top to bottom (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.9.

1.2.12. The student communicates feelings about the topic through drawings (Voice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.12.

1.2.13. The student recognizes the difference between nouns, verbs and environmental print (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E). 21
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.13.

1.2.15. The student communicates a complete thought (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.15.

1.2.18. The student leaves spaces between words (Conventions: prewriting, revising, drafting: N, E). 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.18.

1.2.20. The student uses most consonant and most vowel sounds correctly (Conventions: drafting, revising: N, E). 88
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.20.

2.1.4. The student finds information, with guidance, appropriate to task (e.g., print, non-print). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.4.

2.1.5. The student observes the recording of relevant information. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.5.

2.1.6. The student shares information. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.6.

1.3.3. The students retell the message in sequence with three to five details/events. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.3.

1.3.4. The students signal general understanding or non-understanding using appropriate verbal and nonverbal responses. 31
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.4.

1.5. The effective listener analyzes/evaluates the message.

1.5.1. The students predict more than one outcome. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.1.

1.5.2. The students draw appropriate conclusions. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.2.

1.5.3. The students use criteria to determine fact from fiction. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.3.

1.5.4. The students recognize exaggeration and distortion. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.4.

1.5.5. The students express personal evaluation of messages, such as likes or dislikes. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.5.

1.6. The effective listener participates appropriately in small groups.

1.6.1. The students pay attention when others are speaking. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.1.

1.6.2. The students avoid distracting others. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.2.

1.6.3. The students give verbal and nonverbal responses that indicate attention. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.3.

2.2.2. The students identify and generalize defining characteristics and recognize viewing cues such as cats having whiskers, fur, tails, and meowing sounds. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.2.

2.2.3. The students use context cues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar visual or aural cues. 31
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.3.

2.3. The effective viewer understands the visual message.

2.3.1. The students answer simple-idea questions related to the message such as identifying specific objects in a picture by naming, pointing, and matching. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.1.

2.3.2. The students describe the visual message with three to five details. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.2.

2.3.3. The students signal general understanding or lack of understanding using appropriate responses. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.3.

2.3.4. The students ascribe meaning to a visual message, such as a cornucopia representing the harvest. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.4.

2.4. The effective viewer remembers and applies the content of the visual message.

2.4.1. The students use components of a visual message to complete a simple task, such as demonstrating spatial relationships (over, under, beside) and sequencing pictures of a story. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.1.

2.4.2. The students recall significant details from visual messages. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.2.

2.4.4. The students use knowledge from visual messages to create new visual messages, such as using information from a video tape on rabbits to make a book about rabbits. 31
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.4.

2.5. The effective viewer analyzes/evaluates visual messages.

2.5.1. The students predict more than one outcome. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.1.

2.5.2. The students draw appropriate conclusions. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.2.

2.5.3. The students distinguish among types of visual messages, such as photographs, computer images, actual objects, and artists' depictions. 31
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.3.

2.5.4. The students use criteria to distinguish fact from fiction. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.4.

2.5.5. The students recognize exaggeration and distortion. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.5.

2.5.6. The students support personal evaluation of messages, such as likes or dislikes. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.6.

KS.3. Speaking: Learners speak effectively for a variety of audiences, purposes, occasions, and contexts.

3.1. The effective speaker considers variables in the speaking situation (audience, purpose, occasion, and context) that affect the composition of his/her message.

3.1.1. The students recognize different audiences, such as principal, teacher, and friend. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.1.

3.1.2. The students recognize different purposes for speaking. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.2.

3.1.3. The students recognize different occasions/contexts for speaking. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.3.

3.2. The effective speaker participates in a variety of communication opportunities.

3.2.1. The students reply to questions with appropriate verbal and nonverbal response behavior, such as raising hands, 'yes' or 'no'. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.1.

3.2.2. The students recognize appropriate time and situations to initiate oral communication. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.2.

3.2.3. The students participate in classroom routines/events, such as show and tell and calendar time. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.3.

3.2.4. The students willingly speak to a variety of partners/audiences. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.4.

3.3. The effective speaker produces a coherent message.

3.3.1. The students express a complete thought. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.1.

3.3.2. The students express information related to the topic. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.2.

3.3.3. The students focus on the topic. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.3.

3.3.4. The students use sequence and detail to organize their message. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.4.

3.4. The effective speaker uses appropriate content for purpose, audience, occasion, and context.

3.4.1. The students know whether the purpose and situation call for content based on reality or make believe. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.1.

3.4.2. The students express information relevant to the purpose, audience, and situation. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.2.

3.4.3. The students remain focused. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.3.

3.4.4. The students present content focused on the topic. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.4.

3.4.5. The students expand or limit content with teacher assistance. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.5.

3.4.6. The students use precise vocabulary, such as 'Mrs. Henry' versus 'teacher'. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.6.

3.5. The effective speaker demonstrates control of delivery skills.

3.5.1. The students establish eye contact. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.1.

3.5.2. The students vary volume of voice according to situation, such as whispering in the library or speaking up during show and tell. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.2.

3.5.3. The students use appropriate body position and movement according to the situation, such as facing the audience. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.3.

3.6. The effective speaker participates appropriately in small groups.

3.6.1. The students take turns speaking. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.1.

3.6.2. The students stay focused on the task. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.2.

3.6.3. The students use polite language, such as 'please', 'thank you,' and 'excuse me'. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.3.

KS.4. Information Retrieval: The communicator will retrieve information from a variety of appropriate sources.

4.1. The effective communicator is knowledgeable about available sources.

4.1.1. The students recognize that information can be found in different locations, such as school media centers, public libraries, classrooms, and home. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.1.1.

4.1.2. The students recognize different types of sources, such as books, magazines, electronic sources, and community experts. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.1.2.

4.2. The effective communicator uses sources from a variety of media and formats.

4.2.1. The students identify simple appropriate sources for specific information such as maps, books, calendars, and people. 15
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.2.1.

4.2.2. The students can locate simple sources of information, such as nonfiction books in the media center. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.2.2.

4.3. The effective communicator collects, sorts, and selects sources and information.

4.3.1. The students gather one or two sources of information with assistance. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.3.1.

4.3.2. The students sort information using a simple graphic organizer or list. 22
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.3.2.

4.4. The effective communicator analyzes/evaluates the sources and information.

4.4.1. The students recognize the usefulness of the source for their purpose. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.4.1.

4.4.2. The students recognize the appropriateness of the source/information for their purposes, such as using a nonfiction book versus a catalogue for animal facts. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.4.2.

KS.5. Media Products: Communicators effectively use and create media products for a variety of audiences, purposes, occasions, and contexts.

5.1. The effective communicator is knowledgeable about various methods that can be used to create aural and visual products.

5.1.1. The students recognize a number of age-appropriate methods and resources, such as art supplies, recycled materials, computer programs/software, and tape recorders. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.1.1.

5.2. The effective communicator creates single-media and multimedia products.

5.2.1. The students create products that communicate a message, such as safety posters, dioramas of a story, personal item displays, or computer-generated slide shows about a given theme. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.2.1.

5.3. The effective communicator uses appropriate content for purpose, audience, occasion, and context.

5.3.1. The students use content consistent with the topic or purpose. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.3.1.

5.3.2. The students use or create a product with sufficient detail for the topic. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.3.2.