Kansas State Standards for Language Arts: Grade 2

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KS.1. Reading: The student reads and comprehends text across the curriculum.

1.1. The student uses skills in alphabetics to construct meaning from text.

1.1.1. The student manipulates onsets and rimes in spoken syllables (Phonological Awareness). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.1.

1.1.2. The student uses knowledge of developmentally appropriate decoding skills (e.g., consonant-vowel combinations, blends, digraphs, word families) when reading unknown words (Phonics). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.2.

1.1.3. The student categorizes onsets and rimes in spoken syllables (Phonological Awareness) . 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.3.

1.2. The student reads fluently.

1.2.1. The student uses knowledge of conventions (e.g., question marks, exclamation points, commas, apostrophes) to read fluently at instructional or independent reading levels. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.1.

1.2.2. The student reads expressively with appropriate pace, phrasing, intonation, and rhythm of speech. 45
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.2.

1.2.3. The student uses knowledge of sentence structure to read fluently at instructional or independent reading levels. 45
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.3.

1.2.4. The student uses a variety of word-recognition strategies (e.g., practicing words in isolation, practicing reading words in text) to read fluently. 45
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.4.

1.2.5. The student begins to adjust reading rate to support comprehension when reading narrative and expository texts. 36
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.5.

1.3. The student expands vocabulary.

1.3.1. The student demonstrates automatic recognition of sight words. 48
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.1.

1.3.2. The student determines the meaning of unknown words or phrases using picture clues and context clues from sentences and paragraphs. 33
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.2.

1.3.3. The student identifies and uses synonyms, antonyms, and homophones to determine the meaning of words. 19
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.3.

1.3.4. The student uses a picture dictionary, dictionary, or glossary to understand word meaning. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.4.

1.3.5. The student determines meaning of words through knowledge of word structure (e.g., base words, compound nouns, contractions, inflectional endings). 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.5.

1.4. The student comprehends a variety of texts (narrative, expository, technical, and persuasive).

1.4.1. The student recognizes the differences between narrative, expository, and technical texts. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.1.

1.4.2. The student locates and discusses text features (e.g., title, graphs and charts, table of contents, boldface type, italics, glossary, index) to understand information. 41
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.2.

1.4.3. The student uses pictures, content, and prior knowledge to make predictions. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.3.

1.4.4. The student generates and responds logically to literal, inferential, and critical thinking questions before, during, and after reading the text. 41
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.4.

1.4.5. The student uses illustrations, text, and prior knowledge to make inferences and draw conclusions. 33
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.5.

1.4.6. The student identifies text structure (e.g., sequence, problem-solution, comparison-contrast, description, cause-effect). 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.6.

1.4.7. The student sequences events according to basic story structure of beginning, middle, and end. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.7.

1.4.8. The student compares and contrasts information (e.g., topics, characters) between texts and within a single text. 37
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.8.

1.4.9. The student identifies cause-effect relationships in narrative and expository texts. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.9.

1.4.10. The student retells or determines important events and main ideas from narrative and expository texts. 39
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.10.

1.4.11. The student identifies the topic, main idea, and supporting details in appropriate-level texts. 33
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.11.

1.4.12. The student distinguishes between fact and opinion in various texts. 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.4.12.

KS.2. Literature: The student reads and responds to a variety of text.

2.1. The student uses literary concepts to interpret and respond to text. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.

2.1.1. The student identifies and describes character(s) in literature. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.1.

2.1.2. The student identifies and describes setting. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.2.

2.1.3. The student retells the plot of a story. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.3.

2.2. The student understands the significance of literature and its contributions to various cultures.

2.2.1. The student reads to connect personal experiences and ideas with those of other cultures in literature. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.1.

2.2.2. The student identifies various languages, traditions, and cultures found in literature. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.2.

2.2.3. The student makes connections between specific aspects of literature from a variety of cultures and personal experiences. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.2.3.

1.1.4. The student discusses the differences between the author's work and the student's work (plagiarism (Ideas and Content: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T) . 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.4.

1.1.5. The student begins to use a variety of prewriting strategies (e.g. webbing, brainstorming, listing (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T,). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.5.

1.1.6. The student writes a piece with a beginning, middle, and end (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.6.

1.1.7. The student writes a simple paragraph(s) about one idea (Organization: prewriting: drafting, revising: N, E, T). 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.7.

1.1.8. The student begins to share emotions and feelings about the topic (Voice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 15
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.8.

1.1.9. The student uses verbs, nouns and describing words in their writing (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.9.

1.1.10. The student uses new words to make writing more interesting (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.10.

1.1.11. The student writes complete sentences that are easy to read aloud (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.11.

1.1.12. The student begins to write sentences with different beginnings (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.12.

1.1.13. The student recognizes an incomplete thought (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.13.

1.1.15. The student uses correct spacing between words (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T. 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.15.

1.1.16. The student capitalizes the beginning of a sentence and uses correct end punctuation (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 32
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.16.

1.1.17. The student uses correct subject/verb agreement and verb tenses (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.17.

1.1.18. The student correctly spells high frequency words (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.18.

1.1.19. The student attempts paragraph divisions (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.1.19.

1.2.6. The student gives credit to the author, title, or Web site (Ideas and Content: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.6.

1.2.8. The student begins to use a variety of prewriting strategies (e.g. webbing, brainstorming, listing (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T) . 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.8.

1.2.9. The student writes a piece with a beginning, middle, and end (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.9.

1.2.10. The student writes a simple paragraph(s) about one idea (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.10.

1.2.11. The student begins to use transitions to allow ideas to flow smoothly within the writing piece (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.11.

1.2.12. The student writes feelings and thoughts about the topic with the purpose of informing the reader (Voice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.12.

1.2.13. The student uses nouns, verbs, and describing words in their writing (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 27
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.13.

1.2.14. The student uses new words to make writing more interesting (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 27
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.14.

1.2.15. The student writes complete sentences that are easy to read aloud (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.15.

1.2.16. The student writes sentences with different beginnings (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.16.

1.2.17. The student recognizes an incomplete thought (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.17.

1.2.18. The student uses correct spacing between words (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.18.

1.2.19. The student capitalizes the beginning of a sentence using correct punctuation (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.19.

1.2.20. The student uses correct subject/verb agreement and verb tense (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.20.

1.2.21. The student correctly spells high frequency words (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.21.

1.2.22. The student attempts paragraph divisions (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 2
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.2.22.

1.3.6. The student begins to use a variety of prewriting strategies (e.g. webbing, brainstorming, listing (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.6.

1.3.7. The student writes a simple statement(s) or list(s) about one idea (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.7.

1.3.8. The student writes a piece in sequential order (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 18
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.8.

1.3.9. The student begins to use simple transitions (e.g. first, second, third, finally (Organization: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.9.

1.3.10. The student begins to write with an awareness of purpose and audience (e.g. letters, simple reports, and/or directions (Voice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.10.

1.3.12. The student chooses words that are reasonably accurate and makes the message clear (e.g. technical terms (Word Choice: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.12.

1.3.14. The student writes sentences or phrases that are easy to read aloud (Sentence Fluency: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.14.

1.3.15. The student capitalizes the beginning of a sentence and uses correct punctuation (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.15.

1.3.16. The student uses correct grammar when writing sentences or phrases (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.16.

1.3.17. The student uses correct spelling even with more difficult words (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: N, E, T). 5
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.17.

1.3.18. The student uses graphic devices (e.g. tables, graphs, maps, other text features (Conventions: prewriting, drafting, revising: T). 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.3.18.

2.1.4. The student locates, with guidance, appropriate information (e.g., print, non-print). 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.4.

2.1.5. The student records information. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.5.

2.1.6. The student organizes and shares information. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.6.

2.1.7. The student selects relevant information. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.1.7.

1.5. The effective listener analyzes/evaluates the message.

1.5.1. The students predict more than one outcome. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.1.

1.5.2. The students draw appropriate conclusions. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.2.

1.5.3. The students use criteria to determine fact from fiction. 34
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.3.

1.5.4. The students recognize exaggeration and distortion. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.4.

1.5.5. The students express personal evaluation of messages, such as likes or dislikes. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.5.5.

1.6. The effective listener participates appropriately in small groups.

1.6.1. The students pay attention when others are speaking. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.1.

1.6.2. The students avoid distracting others. 6
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.2.

1.6.3. The students give verbal and nonverbal responses that indicate attention. 15
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 1.6.3.

2.3. The effective viewer understands the visual message.

2.3.1. The students answer simple-idea questions related to the message such as identifying specific objects in a picture by naming, pointing, and matching. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.1.

2.3.2. The students describe the visual message with three to five details. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.2.

2.3.3. The students signal general understanding or lack of understanding using appropriate responses. 47
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.3.

2.3.4. The students ascribe meaning to a visual message, such as a cornucopia representing the harvest. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.3.4.

2.4. The effective viewer remembers and applies the content of the visual message.

2.4.1. The students use components of a visual message to complete a simple task, such as demonstrating spatial relationships (over, under, beside) and sequencing pictures of a story. 8
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.1.

2.4.2. The students recall significant details from visual messages. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.2.

2.4.4. The students use knowledge from visual messages to create new visual messages, such as using information from a video tape on rabbits to make a book about rabbits. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.4.4.

2.5. The effective viewer analyzes/evaluates visual messages.

2.5.1. The students predict more than one outcome. 17
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.1.

2.5.2. The students draw appropriate conclusions. 4
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.2.

2.5.3. The students distinguish among types of visual messages, such as photographs, computer images, actual objects, and artists' depictions. 34
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.3.

2.5.4. The students use criteria to distinguish fact from fiction. 34
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.4.

2.5.5. The students recognize exaggeration and distortion. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.5.

2.5.6. The students support personal evaluation of messages, such as likes or dislikes. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 2.5.6.

KS.3. Speaking: Learners speak effectively for a variety of audiences, purposes, occasions, and contexts.

3.1. The effective speaker considers variables in the speaking situation (audience, purpose, occasion, and context) that affect the composition of his/her message.

3.1.1. The students recognize different audiences, such as principal, teacher, and friend. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.1.

3.1.2. The students recognize different purposes for speaking. 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.2.

3.1.3. The students recognize different occasions/contexts for speaking. 12
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.1.3.

3.2. The effective speaker participates in a variety of communication opportunities.

3.2.2. The students recognize appropriate time and situations to initiate oral communication. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.2.

3.2.3. The students participate in classroom routines/events, such as show and tell and calendar time. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.3.

3.2.4. The students willingly speak to a variety of partners/audiences. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.2.4.

3.3. The effective speaker produces a coherent message.

3.3.1. The students express a complete thought. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.1.

3.3.2. The students express information related to the topic. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.2.

3.3.3. The students focus on the topic. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.3.

3.3.4. The students use sequence and detail to organize their message. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.3.4.

3.4. The effective speaker uses appropriate content for purpose, audience, occasion, and context.

3.4.1. The students know whether the purpose and situation call for content based on reality or make believe. 15
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.1.

3.4.2. The students express information relevant to the purpose, audience, and situation. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.2.

3.4.3. The students remain focused. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.3.

3.4.4. The students present content focused on the topic. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.4.

3.4.5. The students expand or limit content with teacher assistance. 15
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.5.

3.4.6. The students use precise vocabulary, such as 'Mrs. Henry' versus 'teacher'. 16
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.4.6.

3.5. The effective speaker demonstrates control of delivery skills.

3.5.1. The students establish eye contact. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.1.

3.5.2. The students vary volume of voice according to situation, such as whispering in the library or speaking up during show and tell. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.2.

3.5.3. The students use appropriate body position and movement according to the situation, such as facing the audience. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.5.3.

3.6. The effective speaker participates appropriately in small groups.

3.6.1. The students take turns speaking. 20
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.1.

3.6.2. The students stay focused on the task. 18
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.2.

3.6.3. The students use polite language, such as 'please', 'thank you,' and 'excuse me'. 9
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 3.6.3.

KS.4. Information Retrieval: The communicator will retrieve information from a variety of appropriate sources.

4.1. The effective communicator is knowledgeable about available sources.

4.1.1. The students recognize that information can be found in different locations, such as school media centers, public libraries, classrooms, and home. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.1.1.

4.1.2. The students recognize different types of sources, such as books, magazines, electronic sources, and community experts. 1
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.1.2.

4.2. The effective communicator uses sources from a variety of media and formats.

4.2.1. The students identify simple appropriate sources for specific information such as maps, books, calendars, and people. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.2.1.

4.2.2. The students can locate simple sources of information, such as nonfiction books in the media center. 10
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.2.2.

4.3. The effective communicator collects, sorts, and selects sources and information.

4.3.1. The students gather one or two sources of information with assistance. 14
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.3.1.

4.3.2. The students sort information using a simple graphic organizer or list. 11
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.3.2.

4.4. The effective communicator analyzes/evaluates the sources and information.

4.4.1. The students recognize the usefulness of the source for their purpose. 1
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.4.1.

4.4.2. The students recognize the appropriateness of the source/information for their purposes, such as using a nonfiction book versus a catalogue for animal facts. 1
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 4.4.2.

KS.5. Media Products: Communicators effectively use and create media products for a variety of audiences, purposes, occasions, and contexts.

5.1. The effective communicator is knowledgeable about various methods that can be used to create aural and visual products.

5.1.1. The students recognize a number of age-appropriate methods and resources, such as art supplies, recycled materials, computer programs/software, and tape recorders. 3
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.1.1.

5.2. The effective communicator creates single-media and multimedia products.

5.2.1. The students create products that communicate a message, such as safety posters, dioramas of a story, personal item displays, or computer-generated slide shows about a given theme. 7
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.2.1.

5.3. The effective communicator uses appropriate content for purpose, audience, occasion, and context.

5.3.1. The students use content consistent with the topic or purpose. 23
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.3.1.

5.3.2. The students use or create a product with sufficient detail for the topic. 13
Suggested Titles for Kansas Language Arts State Standard 5.3.2.

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