Hawaii State Standards for Science: Grade 12

HI.1. Physical Science: The Scientific Process: Scientific Investigation: Discover, invent, and investigate using the skills necessary to engage in the scientific process

SC.PS.1.1. Scientific Inquiry: Describe how a testable hypothesis may need to be revised to guide a scientific investigation

SC.PS.1.2. Scientific Inquiry: Design and safely implement an experiment, including the appropriate use of tools and techniques to organize, analyze, and validate data

SC.PS.1.3. Scientific Inquiry: Defend and support conclusions, explanations, and arguments based on logic, scientific knowledge, and evidence from data

SC.PS.1.4. Scientific Inquiry: Determine the connection(s) among hypotheses, scientific evidence, and conclusions

SC.PS.1.5. Scientific Inquiry: Communicate the components of a scientific investigation, using appropriate techniques

SC.PS.1.6. Scientific Inquiry: Engage in and explain the importance of peer review in science

SC.PS.1.7. Scientific Knowledge: Revise, as needed, conclusions and explanations based on new evidence

SC.PS.1.8. Scientific Knowledge: Describe the importance of ethics and integrity in scientific investigation

SC.PS.1.9. Scientific Knowledge: Explain how scientific explanations must meet a set of established criteria to be considered valid

HI.2. Physical Science: The Scientific Process: Nature Of Science: Understand that science, technology, and society are interrelated

SC.PS.2.1. Science, Technology, and Society: Explain how scientific advancements and emerging technologies have influenced society

SC.PS.2.2. Science, Technology, and Society: Compare the risks and benefits of potential solutions to technological issues

HI.3. Physical Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Organisms and The Environment: Understand the unity, diversity, and interrelationships of organisms, including their relationship to cycles of matter and energy in the environment

HI.4. Physical Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Structure and Function In Organisms: Understand the structures and functions of living organisms and how organisms can be compared scientifically

HI.5. Physical Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Diversity, Genetics, and Evolution: Understand genetics and biological evolution and their impact on the unity and diversity of organisms

HI.6. Physical Science: Physical, Earth and Space Science: Nature Of Matter and Energy: Understand the nature of matter and energy, forms of energy (including waves) and energy transformations, and their significance in understanding the structure of the universe

SC.PS.6.1. Energy and its Transformation: Describe endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions

SC.PS.6.2. Energy and its Transformation: Explain how the law of conservation of energy is applied to various systems

SC.PS.6.3. Energy and its Transformation: Describe different examples of the concept of entropy

SC.PS.6.4. Energy and its Transformation: Explain that changes in thermal energy can lead to a phase change of matter

SC.PS.6.5. Waves: Compare transverse and longitudinal waves and their properties

SC.PS.6.6. Waves: Explain and provide examples of electromagnetic radiation and sound using a wave model

SC.PS.6.7. Nature of Matter: Explain how elements are arranged in the periodic table and describe trends among elemental properties

SC.PS.6.8. Nature of Matter: Describe interactions among molecules

SC.PS.6.9. Nature of Matter: Describe the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions

SC.PS.6.10. Nature of Matter: Explain how atoms bond using valence electrons

SC.PS.6.11. Nature of Matter: Describe a variety of chemical reactions

SC.PS.6.12. Energy and its Transformation: Describe nuclear reactions and how they produce energy

HI.7. Physical Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Force and Motion: Understand the relationship between force, mass, and motion of objects; and know the major natural forces: gravitational, electric, and magnetic

SC.PS.7.1. Forces and Motion: Apply the laws of motion to determine the effects of forces on the linear motion of objects

SC.PS.7.2. Forces and Motion: Use vectors to explain force and motion

SC.PS.7.3. Forces of the Universe: Explain the relationship among the gravitational force, the mass of the objects, and the distance between objects

SC.PS.7.4. Forces of the Universe: Explain the magnetic and electric forces in the universe

HI.8. Physical Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Earth and Space Science: Understand the Earth and its processes, the solar system, and the universe and its contents

HI.1. Biological Science: The Scientific Process: Scientific Investigation: Discover, invent, and investigate using the skills necessary to engage in the scientific process

SC.BS.1.1. Scientific Inquiry: Describe how a testable hypothesis may need to be revised to guide a scientific investigation

SC.BS.1.2. Scientific Inquiry: Design and safely implement an experiment, including the appropriate use of tools and techniques to organize, analyze, and validate data

SC.BS.1.3. Scientific Inquiry: Defend and support conclusions, explanations, and arguments based on logic, scientific knowledge, and evidence from data

SC.BS.1.4. Scientific Inquiry: Determine the connection(s) among hypotheses, scientific evidence, and conclusions

SC.BS.1.5. Scientific Inquiry: Communicate the components of a scientific investigation, using appropriate techniques

SC.BS.1.6. Scientific Inquiry: Engage in and explain the importance of peer review in science

SC.BS.1.7. Scientific Knowledge: Revise, as needed, conclusions and explanations based on new evidence

SC.BS.1.8. Scientific Knowledge: Describe the importance of ethics and integrity in scientific investigation

SC.BS.1.9. Scientific Knowledge: Explain how scientific explanations must meet a set of established criteria to be considered valid

HI.2. Biological Science: The Scientific Process: Nature Of Science: Understand that science, technology, and society are interrelated

SC.BS.2.1. Science, Technology, and Society: Explain how scientific advancements and emerging technology have influenced society

SC.BS.2.2. Science, Technology, and Society: Compare the risks and benefits of potential solutions to technological issues

HI.3. Biological Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Organisms and The Environment: Understand the unity, diversity, and interrelationships of organisms, including their relationship to cycles of matter and energy in the environment

SC.BS.3.1. Cycles of Matter and Energy: Describe biogeochemical cycles within ecosystems

SC.BS.3.2. Cycles of Matter and Energy: Explain the chemical reactions that occur in photosynthesis and cellular respiration that result in cycling of energy

SC.BS.3.3. Cycles of Matter and Energy: Explain how matter and energy flow through living systems and the physical environment

SC.BS.3.4. Interdependence: Explain dynamic equilibrium in organisms, populations, and ecosystems; explain the effect of equilibrium shifts

HI.4. Biological Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Structure and Function In Organisms: Understand the structures and functions of living organisms and how organisms can be compared scientifically

SC.BS.4.1. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Describe different cell parts and their functions

SC.BS.4.2. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Explain how cells are specialized into different tissues and organs

SC.BS.4.3. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Differentiate between the processes of mitosis and meiosis

SC.BS.4.4. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Describe how homeostatic balance occurs in cells and organisms

SC.BS.4.5. Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Describe the components and functions of a variety of macromolecules active in biological systems

SC.BS.4.6. Classification: Explain the organization of life on Earth using the modern classification system

HI.5. Biological Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Diversity, Genetics, and Evolution: Understand genetics and biological evolution and their impact on the unity and diversity of organisms

SC.BS.5.1. Biological Evolution: Explain the theory of evolution and describe evidence that supports this theory

SC.BS.5.2. Biological Evolution: Explain the theory of natural selection

SC.BS.5.3. Unity and Diversity: Explain the structural properties of DNA and the role of DNA in heredity and protein synthesis

SC.BS.5.4. Unity and Diversity: Explain how Mendel's laws of heredity can be used to determine the traits of possible offspring

SC.BS.5.5. Unity and Diversity: Explain chromosomal mutations, their possible causes, and their effects on genetic variation

HI.6. Biological Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Nature Of Matter and Energy: Understand the nature of matter and energy, forms of energy (including waves) and energy transformations, and their significance in understanding the structure of the universe

HI.7. Biological Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Force and Motion: Understand the relationship between force, mass, and motion of objects; and know the major natural forces: gravitational, electric, and magnetic

HI.8. Biological Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Earth and Space Science: Understand the Earth and its processes, the solar system, and the universe and its contents

HI.1. Earth Space Science: The Scientific Process: Scientific Investigation: Discover, invent, and investigate using the skills necessary to engage in the scientific process

SC.ES.1.1. Scientific Inquiry: Describe how a testable hypothesis may need to be revised to guide a scientific investigation

SC.ES.1.2. Scientific Inquiry: Design and safely implement an experiment, including the appropriate use of tools and techniques to organize, analyze, and validate data

SC.ES.1.3. Scientific Inquiry: Defend and support conclusions, explanations, and arguments based on logic, scientific knowledge, and evidence from data

SC.ES.1.4. Scientific Inquiry: Determine the connection(s) among hypotheses, scientific evidence, and conclusions

SC.ES.1.5. Scientific Inquiry: Communicate the components of a scientific investigation, using appropriate techniques

SC.ES.1.6. Scientific Inquiry: Engage in and explain the importance of peer review in science

SC.ES.1.7. Scientific Knowledge: Revise, as needed, conclusions and explanations based on new evidence

SC.ES.1.8. Scientific Knowledge: Describe the importance of ethics and integrity in scientific investigation

SC.ES.1.9. Scientific Knowledge: Explain how scientific explanations must meet a set of established criteria to be considered valid

HI.2. Earth Space Science: The Scientific Process: Nature Of Science: Understand that science, technology, and society are interrelated

SC.ES.2.1. Science, Technology, and Society: Explain how scientific advancements and emerging technology have influenced society

SC.ES.2.2. Science, Technology, and Society: Compare the risks and benefits of potential solutions to technological issues

SC.ES.2.3. Science, Technology, and Society: Explain the impact of humans on the Earth system

SC.ES.2.4. Science, Technology, and Society: Describe technologies used to collect information about the universe

HI.3. Earth Space Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Organisms and The Environment: Understand the unity, diversity, and interrelationships of organisms, including their relationship to cycles of matter and energy in the environment

HI.4. Earth Space Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Structure and Function In Organisms: Understand the structures and functions of living organisms and how organisms can be compared scientifically

HI.5. Earth Space Science: Life and Environmental Sciences: Diversity, Genetics, and Evolution: Understand genetics and biological evolution and their impact on the unity and diversity of organisms

HI.6. Earth Space Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Nature Of Matter and Energy: Understand the nature of matter and energy, forms of energy (including waves) and energy transformations, and their significance in understanding the structure of the universe

HI.7. Earth Space Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Force and Motion: Understand the relationship between force, mass, and motion of objects; and know the major natural forces: gravitational, electric, and magnetic

HI.8. Earth Space Science: Physical, Earth, and Space Sciences: Earth and Space Science: Understand the Earth and its processes, the solar system, and the universe and its contents

SC.ES.8.1. Forces that Shape the Earth: Describe how elements and water move through solid Earth, the oceans, atmosphere, and living things as part of geochemical cycles

SC.ES.8.2. Forces that Shape the Earth: Describe how to estimate geologic time

SC.ES.8.3. Forces that Shape the Earth: Explain the possible origins and evolution of the solar system

SC.ES.8.4. Forces that Shape the Earth: Describe how heat and energy transfer into and out of the atmosphere and their involvement in global climate

SC.ES.8.5. Forces that Shape the Earth: Explain the effects of movements of crustal plates

SC.ES.8.6. Forces that Shape the Earth: Describe how winds and ocean currents are produced on the Earth's surface

SC.ES.8.7. Forces that Shape the Earth: Describe climate and weather patterns associated with certain geographic locations and features

SC.ES.8.8. Earth in the Solar System: Describe the major internal and external sources of energy on Earth

SC.ES.8.9. The Universe: Describe the physical and nuclear dynamics involved in the life cycle of a star

SC.ES.8.10. The Universe: Compare different theories concerning the formation of the universe