Arkansas State Standards for Language Arts:

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.K.1. Speaking vocabulary: Name or describe people, places, things, locations, sizes, colors, shapes, numbers, and actions.

OV.1.K.2. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience.

OV.1.K.3. Speaking behaviors: Express ideas in complete sentences when speaking.

OV.1.K.4. Speaking behaviors: Make appropriate comments about the ideas of others.

OV.1.K.5. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give simple one-step directions.

OV.1.K.6. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in discussions about a variety of topics, including books and personal experiences.

OV.1.K.7. Speaking for literary response and expression: Use pictures to orally retell a story with a beginning, middle, and end, with or without prompts.

OV.1.K.8. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities including shared reading, oral retelling and dramatizations.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.K.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., facing the speaker, making eye contact, and maintaining attention.

OV.2.K.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen for a purpose.

OV.2.K.3. Listening for information and understanding: Follow one-step oral directions.

OV.2.K.4. Listening and responding to literature: Listen to literature presented using a variety of media, including teacher reading, computer, or tape recording.

OV.2.K.5. Listening and responding to literature: Listen to a variety of texts from various cultures read aloud every day.

OV.2.K.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Listen for specific information .

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.K.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Listen to and view a variety of media to understand and extend learning .

OV.3.K.2. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Identify the various types of media in daily life.

OV.3.K.3. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art and movement).

OV.3.K.4. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Review audio and video recordings of class presentations.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.K.1. Prewriting: Generate topics and content by drawing, sharing personal experiences, and responding to books.

W.4.K.2. Prewriting: Apply strategies, when prompted, to move from oral language to written language (i.e., orally compose message and verbally rehearse, etc.).

W.4.K.3. Prewriting: Participate in teacher led prewriting activities to develop an understanding of the writing process .

W.4.K.4. Drafting: Use letters and phonetically spelled words to write about self-selected topics.

W.4.K.5. Drafting: Write from left to right and top to bottom and use return sweep.

W.4.K.6. Drafting: Apply strategies for moving from oral language to writing (i.e., reread text to get to next word in the message, etc.).

W.4.K.7. Drafting: Apply knowledge of letters and words (i.e., groups of letters represent words and a space occurs between words, etc.).

W.4.K.8. Drafting: Demonstrate understanding that letters must occur in a specific sequence within a word.

W.4.K.9. Drafting: Use strategies for applying phonemic awareness and phonics knowledge (i.e., break speech into words and leave spaces between words, slowly articulate or segment words in order to hear most salient sounds, etc.).

W.4.K.10. Drafting: Write simple messages independently to demonstrate the understanding that speech can be written.

W.4.K.11. Revising: Reread message to check for accuracy and meaning .

W.4.K.12. Revising: Participate in teacher-led revision.

W.4.K.13. Publishing: Prepare pieces for publication (i.e., illustrations, rewriting, etc.).

W.4.K.14. Publishing: Share writing with others .

W.4.K.15. Publishing: Contribute to the literate environment of the classroom/school by displaying writing samples (e.g., poems, word study charts, word walls, writing samples, etc.).

W.4.K.16. Publishing: Contribute to a writing portfolio.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.K.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for self.

W.5.K.2. Purposes and Audiences: Write and/or draw to communicate ideas.

W.5.K.3. Purposes and Audiences: Explain some of the purposes for writing, such as telephone messages, recipes, or lists.

W.5.K.4. Topics and Forms: Write daily.

W.5.K.5. Topics and Forms: Write brief personal narratives and simple informational text (i.e., journal writing, etc.).

W.5.K.6. Topics and Forms: Respond by writing or drawing pictures to stories read aloud .

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.K.1. Sentence Formation: Write simple sentences around known words, repetitive phrases, and sentence beginnings.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.K.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Include drawings that support meaning.

W.7.K.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Incorporates language acquired from reading and/or conversation.

W.7.K.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Incorporate into personal writing literary language and styles heard or read in the classroom .

W.7.K.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use predictable texts as model for own writing.

W.7.K.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Listen and respond to writings of others.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

R.8.K.1. Utilizing concepts about print: Demonstrate understanding of the relationship between written and oral language.

R.8.K.2. Utilizing concepts about print: Demonstrate understanding of directionality (left to right, return sweep, top to bottom, front to back) .

R.8.K.3. Utilizing concepts about print: Apply knowledge of letter and word.

R.8.K.4. Utilizing concepts about print: Apply knowledge of first and last (i.e., letter, sounds, words, etc.).

R.8.K.5. Utilizing concepts about print: Track known print using one-to-one correspondence .

R.8.K.6. Utilizing concepts about print: Identify the front cover and back cover of a book.

R.8.K.7. Utilizing concepts about print: Identify what an author does and what an illustrator does.

R.8.K.8. Developing phonological awareness: Identify and produce oral rhymes.

R.8.K.9. Developing phonological awareness: Segment oral language into sentences and words.

R.8.K.10. Developing phonological awareness: Identify and work with syllables, onsets, rimes in spoken words.

R.8.K.11. Developing phonological awareness: Isolate individual phonemes in a word.

R.8.K.12. Developing phonological awareness: Recognize like phonemes in different words (phoneme identity).

R.8.K.13. Developing phonological awareness: Categorize words with like and unlike phonemes.

R.8.K.14. Developing phonological awareness: Blend separate phonemes orally into one-syllable words.

R.8.K.15. Developing phonological awareness: Segment individual phonemes orally in one-syllable words.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.K.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Preview the selection and use prior knowledge to make reasonable predictions .

R.9.K.2. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from text to self during read aloud.

R.9.K.3. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from text to text during read aloud.

R.9.K.4. Using visualization to make meaning: Form a mental picture from text read by the teacher, including story elements or descriptions.

R.9.K.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask and answer questions about the text.

R.9.K.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask and answer questions in response to what is heard or read.

R.9.K.7. Using inferences to make meaning: Predict what will happen next in a text.

R.9.K.8. Using inferences to make meaning: Predict repetitive text.

R.9.K.9. Using inferences to make meaning: Use pictures to make predictions about the content .

R.9.K.10. Determining importance to make meaning: Retell stories and events using beginning, middle, and end.

R.9.K.11. Determining importance to make meaning: Identify the topic or main idea of a selection.

R.9.K.12. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Use a few details to retell a simple story with a beginning, middle, and end.

R.9.K.13. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Create art work and/or a simple written response that shows comprehension of a story.

R.9.K.14. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Discuss reading with others.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.K.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.K.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read and explain own writing and drawings .

R.10.K.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Distinguish different forms of text, such as story or informational.

R.10.K.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Demonstrate knowledge of the content of the works of a single author.

R.10.K.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Participate actively (react, join in, predict, read along, etc.) when predictable and patterned selections are read aloud.

R.10.K.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal/log which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including picture and written responses.

R.10.K.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Select familiar books to read from a variety of sources, including classroom, home, and school library.

R.10.K.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify the topics of nonfiction selections read aloud.

R.10.K.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of simple repetitive texts, including poetry and nursery rhymes.

R.10.K.10. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Engage in literature (stories, songs, plays and poems, etc.).

R.10.K.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Participate in group innovations of text.

R.10.K.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss beginning, middle, and end from books read aloud .

R.10.K.13. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read familiar poems, nursery rhymes, and finger plays to explore rhythm and rhyme.

R.10.K.14. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss familiar poems, nursery rhymes, and finger plays to determine meaning.

R.10.K.15. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read labels and environmental print.

R.10.K.16. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify common signs and logos.

R.10.K.17. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use functional print such as name cards, labels, signs, calendar, and word walls to accomplish tasks.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.K.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use context clues to predict text (i.e., pictures, repetitive texts).

R.11.K.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Use story language in discussion and retellings.

R.11.K.3. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Understand that a predictable relationship exists between written letters and spoken sounds .

R.11.K.4. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Identify upper- and lower-case letters fluently.

R.11.K.5. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Identify the most common sound associated with individual letters.

R.11.K.6. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Use letter-sound matches to decode simple words.

R.11.K.7. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Use picture clues to cross check for word meaning .

R.11.K.8. Sight word recognition: Read approximately 25 high frequency words with automaticity during reading.

R.11.K.9. Sight word recognition: Locate resources for finding words in the classroom, including word walls, charts, labels, name tags, and picture dictionaries.

R.11.K.10. Word Study and vocabulary: Sort and classify pictures or objects by concept or function .

R.11.K.11. Word Study and vocabulary: Talk about words and word meanings as they are encountered in books and conversation.

R.11.K.12. Word Study and vocabulary: Experiment with language, including word families, rhyming words, and playing with words.

R.11.K.13. Word Study and vocabulary: Describe common objects with general and specific words.

R.11.K.14. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above.

R.11.K.15. Accuracy of reading: Demonstrate automaticity of letter names and sounds .

R.11.K.16. Accuracy of reading: Self-monitor using cues to make sense of the reading.

R.11.K.17. Reading with fluency and expression: Demonstrate automaticity of letter names at a minimum of 40 letters per minute.

R.11.K.18. Reading with fluency and expression: Retell a favorite story using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, and intonation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.K.1. Accessing information: Label objects and places.

IR.12.K.2. Accessing information: Understand the use of the library and access appropriate materials.

IR.12.K.3. Accessing information: Use both print and non-print classroom resources for information.

IR.12.K.4. Interpreting Information: Share information about a topic.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.1.1. Speaking vocabulary: Use more descriptive and precise vocabulary to name and describe known items.

OV.1.1.2. Speaking vocabulary: Use singular and plural nouns appropriately in speech .

OV.1.1.3. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience (i.e., eye contact).

OV.1.1.4. Speaking behaviors: Use voice level, phrasing, and intonation to speak clearly and audibly.

OV.1.1.5. Speaking behaviors: Follow etiquette for conversation.

OV.1.1.6. Speaking behaviors: Make appropriate comments and suggestions and ask clarifying questions about the ideas and work of others.

OV.1.1.7. Speaking to share understanding of information: Support spoken ideas and opinions with examples.

OV.1.1.8. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give simple two-step directions.

OV.1.1.9. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in discussions about a variety of topics, including classroom events.

OV.1.1.10. Speaking for literary response and expression: Tell and retell stories providing the characters, setting, problem, events, and resolution in logical order, with or without prompts.

OV.1.1.11. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including choral reading .

OV.1.1.12. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Ask for clarification and explanation of words and ideas .

OV.1.1.13. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Accept contributions of teacher or group to improve speaking performance.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.1.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., taking turns to speak).

OV.2.1.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen and identify topic.

OV.2.1.3. Listening for information and understanding: Follow two-step oral directions.

OV.2.1.4. Listening and responding to literature: Listen to literature and respond appropriately, including predicting, connecting, questioning, and discussing the text .

OV.2.1.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Listen for specific information in order to respond with appropriate feedback.

OV.2.1.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Show interest in and respond appropriately to verbal and musical performances.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.1.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Listen to and view a variety of media to understand and extend learning .

OV.3.1.2. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Explore media for ideas and relationships and for cultural awareness.

OV.3.1.3. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art, writing, and movement).

OV.3.1.4. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Identify differences in a variety of media presentations .

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.1.1. Prewriting: Create and maintain a topic list .

W.4.1.2. Prewriting: Focus on one topic.

W.4.1.3. Prewriting: Apply strategies to move from oral language to written language (i.e., orally compose message and verbally rehearse, etc.).

W.4.1.4. Prewriting: Develop one topic.

W.4.1.5. Prewriting: Use a story frame or paragraph frame to organize writing .

W.4.1.6. Prewriting: Participate in teacher led prewriting activities to promote organization of writing (i.e., story maps, webbing, and graphic organizers).

W.4.1.7. Drafting: Use prewriting activities to create a draft.

W.4.1.8. Drafting: Elaborate to expand an idea.

W.4.1.9. Drafting: Include an introductory sentence and a sense of closure.

W.4.1.10. Drafting: Use a core of high frequency words fluently.

W.4.1.11. Drafting: Use strategies for applying phonemic awareness and phonics knowledge (i.e., slowly articulate or segment words in order to hear sounds and record corresponding letters, break words at onset and rime to record corresponding letter patterns, etc.).

W.4.1.12. Revising: Reread and revise for meaning based on teacher conference.

W.4.1.13. Revising: Elaborate message when prompted .

W.4.1.14. Editing: Edit for complete sentences, appropriate capitalization, punctuation, and appropriate spelling .

W.4.1.15. Editing: Utilize available resources to edit personal writing (i.e., editing checklist, personal dictionary, word wall, etc.) .

W.4.1.16. Publishing: Prepare pieces for publication (i.e., illustrations, rewriting or typing, and page break, etc.) .

W.4.1.17. Publishing: Share writing with others.

W.4.1.18. Publishing: Polish approximately ten pieces throughout the year (i.e., thank you notes, classroom book, posters, stories, and poems, etc.).

W.4.1.19. Publishing: Use available technology for publishing .

W.4.1.20. Publishing: Select pieces for a writing portfolio.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.1.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for peers.

W.5.1.2. Purposes and Audiences: Determine purpose for writing by explaining why some text forms may be more appropriate than others .

W.5.1.3. Topics and Forms: Write daily .

W.5.1.4. Topics and Forms: Write instructions with appropriate sequence.

W.5.1.5. Topics and Forms: Write brief expository descriptions of a real object, person, place, or event using some detail.

W.5.1.6. Topics and Forms: Write thank you notes, invitations, and personal narratives.

W.5.1.7. Topics and Forms: Compose labels, captions, events, and/or stories in response to a theme or subject area .

W.5.1.8. Topics and Forms: Write couplets and acrostics.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.1.1. Sentence Formation: Use basic sentence structure for simple sentences.

W.6.1.2. Sentence Formation: Vary sentence beginnings .

W.6.1.3. Usage: Use subject and verb agreement in simple sentences.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.1.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Include some concrete details when writing.

W.7.1.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Imitate narrative elements and predictable language patterns derived from known texts.

W.7.1.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use adjectives when writing about people, places, things, and events.

W.7.1.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Produce writing that uses the full range of words in their speaking vocabulary.

W.7.1.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Select more precise words when prompted.

W.7.1.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use newly learned words in writing.

W.7.1.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Examine written work with teacher guidance to determine progress in writing and work habits.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

R.8.1.1. Utilizing concepts about print: Distinguish between letters, words and sentences.

R.8.1.2. Utilizing concepts about print: Apply knowledge of letter, word, sentence and paragraph.

R.8.1.3. Utilizing concepts about print: Recognize that there are correct spellings for words.

R.8.1.4. Utilizing concepts about print: Identify the author and title of a book.

R.8.1.5. Developing phonological awareness: Blend phonemes fluently.

R.8.1.6. Developing phonological awareness: Segment phonemes fluently (minimum 40 phonemes per minute) .

R.8.1.7. Developing phonological awareness: Delete phonemes to create new words.

R.8.1.8. Developing phonological awareness: Add phonemes to existing words to create new words.

R.8.1.9. Developing phonological awareness: Substitute one phoneme for another to make new words.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.1.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Access appropriate prior knowledge to enhance and monitor the understanding of the text.

R.9.1.2. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from text to self during independent reading.

R.9.1.3. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from text to text during independent reading.

R.9.1.4. Using visualization to make meaning: Form a mental picture from text read independently, including story elements or descriptions.

R.9.1.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask and answer questions before, during, and after the reading, including who, what, when, where, why and how .

R.9.1.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Locate information within the text to answer literal questions.

R.9.1.7. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask questions that seek elaboration and justification .

R.9.1.8. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Know when the text doesn't make sense and search for clarification.

R.9.1.9. Using inferences to make meaning: Make and explain inferences from text, such as making predictions and drawing conclusions.

R.9.1.10. Determining importance to make meaning: Retell stories identifying characters, setting, events, problem, and resolution.

R.9.1.11. Determining importance to make meaning: Create a main idea statement about a selection.

R.9.1.12. Determining importance to make meaning: Refer explicitly to parts of the text when presenting or defending a claim.

R.9.1.13. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Retell a story by including story elements.

R.9.1.14. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Create art work and appropriate written responses that show comprehension of a text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.1.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.1.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Distinguish fantasy from realistic text.

R.10.1.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Distinguish between fiction and nonfiction.

R.10.1.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read and compare multiple books by the same author.

R.10.1.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read during independent reading time.

R.10.1.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read and reread with others through shared, partner, and choral reading.

R.10.1.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Talk about several books on the same theme.

R.10.1.8. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including picture and written responses, reading log, and interest list.

R.10.1.9. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Self-select materials on independent reading level based on personal interest.

R.10.1.10. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Use graphic organizers, including lists, story frames, and T-charts, to make meaning of the reading selection.

R.10.1.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of simple informational books for specific information.

R.10.1.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Sequence simple actions to make meaning.

R.10.1.13. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of stories, plays, and predictable books.

R.10.1.14. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify story elements in simple stories.

R.10.1.15. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Create innovations from predictable texts.

R.10.1.16. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read simple poems, including couplets and acrostics.

R.10.1.17. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss simple poetry to determine meaning.

R.10.1.18. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Analyze poetry to identify the characteristics of simple poems, including acrostics.

R.10.1.19. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use various forms of functional print, including lunch menus and learning charts, to accomplish tasks.

R.10.1.20. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Understand the function of a dictionary .

R.10.1.21. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use knowledge of alphabetical order by first letter when using a simple reference material.

R.10.1.22. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use resources, including a table of contents, to enhance reading.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.1.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use knowledge of context clues to make sense of new words .

R.11.1.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Determine word meanings by applying knowledge of compound words, regular plurals, common contractions, inflectional endings, and singular possessive nouns .

R.11.1.3. Meaning-based word recognition: Refine the meanings of words through repeated encounters.

R.11.1.4. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Know the order of the letters in the alphabet.

R.11.1.5. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode single syllable words using initial and final consonants, short vowel patterns, onsets and rimes, blends and digraphs in continuous text.

R.11.1.6. Sight word recognition: Read fluently approximately 150 high frequency words encountered during reading.

R.11.1.7. Word Study and vocabulary: Sort and classify words by function or concept.

R.11.1.8. Word Study and vocabulary: Discuss the meaning of new words encountered in independent and assisted reading.

R.11.1.9. Word Study and vocabulary: Experiment with language, including riddles and nonsense words and using them in speaking, reading, and writing.

R.11.1.10. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above .

R.11.1.11. Accuracy of reading: Demonstrate automaticity of letter sounds and phonic patterns during reading.

R.11.1.12. Accuracy of reading: Monitor, cross check, and self correct as needed to make meaning of the text during reading.

R.11.1.13. Reading with fluency and expression: Read grade level text fluently at a minimum of 40 words per minute.

R.11.1.14. Reading with fluency and expression: Read familiar grade level texts using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, punctuation, and intonation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.1.1. Accessing information: Gather and collect information about a topic.

IR.12.1.2. Accessing information: Use alphabetical order to the first letter to access information .

IR.12.1.3. Accessing information: Use parts of a book to locate information, including table of contents.

IR.12.1.4. Accessing information: Access information from simple charts, graphs, and calendars.

IR.12.1.5. Interpreting Information: Stay on topic.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.2.1. Speaking vocabulary: Use words that reflect a growing range of interests and knowledge.

OV.1.2.2. Speaking vocabulary: Use synonyms and antonyms appropriately in speech.

OV.1.2.3. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience (i.e., posture).

OV.1.2.4. Speaking behaviors: Introduce self to others.

OV.1.2.5. Speaking behaviors: Adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion.

OV.1.2.6. Speaking behaviors: Use oral language for different purposes (i.e., to inform, persuade, and entertain).

OV.1.2.7. Speaking to share understanding of information: Support spoken ideas and opinions with examples and evidence .

OV.1.2.8. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give three-step and four-step directions.

OV.1.2.9. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in formal and informal discussions about a variety of topics including school events.

OV.1.2.10. Speaking for literary response and expression: Tell and retell stories incorporating the use of descriptive language and elements of a story.

OV.1.2.11. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including reader's theatre .

OV.1.2.12. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Ask and answer questions.

OV.1.2.13. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Accept contributions of teacher or group to make modifications and improve speaking performance.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.2.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., asking relevant questions) .

OV.2.2.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen and identify details that support the topic.

OV.2.2.3. Listening for information and understanding: Follow oral directions with three or four steps.

OV.2.2.4. Listening and responding to literature: Listen to literature and respond appropriately, including comparing/ contrasting and extending the text.

OV.2.2.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Listen for answers to specific questions and for specific purposes in response to nonfiction text.

OV.2.2.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate a performance by giving an opinion with evidence to support it.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.2.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Distinguish the purpose of various types of media presentations, including informational or entertainment presentations.

OV.3.2.2. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art, writing, movement, and music).

OV.3.2.3. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Compare and contrast a variety of media presentations.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.2.1. Prewriting: Contribute to a writer's notebook (i.e., interesting words or phrases, books or experiences that spark an interest, etc.).

W.4.2.2. Prewriting: Use prewriting strategies to organize ideas.

W.4.2.3. Prewriting: Make decisions about which topic to work on over several days.

W.4.2.4. Drafting: Organize writing appropriately (i.e., sequence, main idea and detail, cause and effect, etc.).

W.4.2.5. Drafting: Create well-developed paragraphs that include introduction, details, and conclusion .

W.4.2.6. Drafting: Include relevant information in writing.

W.4.2.7. Revising: Revise writing for organization, content, and clarity based on peer responses and teacher conferences.

W.4.2.8. Revising: Elaborate message independently.

W.4.2.9. Revising: Delete irrelevant information.

W.4.2.10. Revising: Give and receive feedback about writing.

W.4.2.11. Revising: Utilize a teacher-made revision checklist.

W.4.2.12. Editing: Edit for complete sentences, spelling of appropriate words, usage, punctuation, and capitalization.

W.4.2.13. Editing: Utilize available resources to edit personal writing (i.e., editing checklist, simple thesaurus, dictionary, etc.).

W.4.2.14. Publishing: Prepare pieces for publication (i.e., illustrations, rewriting or typing/word processing, page break, and charts, etc.) .

W.4.2.15. Publishing: Polish approximately ten pieces throughout the year (i.e., friendly letters, invitations, poems, stories, and songs, etc.).

W.4.2.16. Publishing: Use available technology for publishing.

W.4.2.17. Publishing: Select pieces for a writing portfolio that demonstrate growth .

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.2.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for other people (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, teachers, and authors).

W.5.2.2. Purposes and Audiences: Match purpose for writing to the appropriate audience.

W.5.2.3. Topics and Forms: Write daily.

W.5.2.4. Topics and Forms: Respond to open-ended questions .

W.5.2.5. Topics and Forms: Write an informational paragraph, including a topic sentence, details, and conclusion.

W.5.2.6. Topics and Forms: Write a narrative that presents a logical sequence of events and describes the setting, character, and events in detail.

W.5.2.7. Topics and Forms: Write thank you notes, friendly letters (identifying the five parts), and invitations.

W.5.2.8. Topics and Forms: Write retellings of fairy tales and folk tales.

W.5.2.9. Topics and Forms: Write simple quatrains and shape poetry .

W.5.2.10. Topics and Forms: Write letters to authors.

W.5.2.11. Topics and Forms: Write text variations (i.e., change setting, characters, or ending, etc.).

W.5.2.12. Topics and Forms: Write connections between text and self.

W.5.2.13. Topics and Forms: Write in a personal journal.

W.5.2.14. Topics and Forms: Write independently on self-selected topics .

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.2.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple sentences.

W.6.2.2. Sentence Formation: Vary sentence patterns and lengths .

W.6.2.3. Usage: Use singular and plural pronouns correctly.

W.6.2.4. Usage: Incorporate transition words.

W.6.2.5. Usage: Combine sentences correctly.

W.6.2.6. Usage: Use and punctuate declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.2.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Develop a beginning, middle, and end to a story .

W.7.2.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Take on strategies and elements of author's craft that the class has discussed in their study of literary works.

W.7.2.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Compose a text following the structure of a poem, story, or informational (expository) text.

W.7.2.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Embed literary language in writing (i.e., 'Once upon a time?').

W.7.2.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply new vocabulary and concepts into writing.

W.7.2.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply commonly agreed upon criteria and own judgment to assess the quality of own work.

W.7.2.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Respond to the writing of others by giving specific feedback on the clarity and logical order of the writing .

W.7.2.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Examine written work to determine progress in writing and work habits.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.2.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Activate prior knowledge by using features of text and/or knowledge of the author.

R.9.2.2. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from different parts of the same text.

R.9.2.3. Using visualization to make meaning: Form mental pictures from text read independently, including sequence of a process.

R.9.2.4. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Discuss how, why, and what-if questions about texts.

R.9.2.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Locate information within the text to answer literal and inferential questions.

R.9.2.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask others questions that seek elaboration and justification.

R.9.2.7. Using inferences to make meaning: Read to confirm or change predictions.

R.9.2.8. Using inferences to make meaning: Make and explain inferences from text, such as cause and effect relationships.

R.9.2.9. Determining importance to make meaning: Determine a text's main idea and how those ideas are supported with details.

R.9.2.10. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Describe the cause and effect of specific events within a text.

R.9.2.11. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Present a logical interpretation of a book.

R.9.2.12. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Summarize major points of a text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.2.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.2.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Distinguish different forms of text and their functions .

R.10.2.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Demonstrate knowledge of the content and theme of the works of a single author .

R.10.2.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read multiple books in the same genre but by different authors.

R.10.2.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including written responses, reading log interest list, and reading goals.

R.10.2.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Self-select materials on independent reading level based on personal interest and knowledge of authors.

R.10.2.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Use graphic organizers, including story maps, semantic or attribute maps, and Venn diagrams to make meaning of the reading selection.

R.10.2.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of informational texts, including descriptive formats.

R.10.2.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Recognize expository text structures which are descriptive .

R.10.2.10. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use headings to locate specific information when reading.

R.10.2.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of stories, including fairy tales and folk tales.

R.10.2.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify and compare the story elements of fairy tales and folk tales.

R.10.2.13. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Create a fairy tale and/or folk tale.

R.10.2.14. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of poetry, including quatrains and shape poems.

R.10.2.15. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss poetry to determine meaning.

R.10.2.16. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Analyze poetry to identify the characteristics of couplets and quatrains .

R.10.2.17. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read functional and instructional messages in the classroom environment, including labels, announcements, instructions and invitations, to accomplish tasks.

R.10.2.18. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use pictures and charts to enhance reading.

R.10.2.19. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use resources, including class-constructed thesaurus and glossary to enhance reading.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.2.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use context clues to make sense of new words.

R.11.2.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Use knowledge of personal pronouns, simple abbreviations, antonyms, synonyms, and root words to read with meaning.

R.11.2.3. Meaning-based word recognition: Self-monitor reading and self-correct.

R.11.2.4. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode words using, blends, digraphs, common long vowel patterns, diphthongs, r-controlled vowel patterns, prefixes, suffixes, and root words in continuous text.

R.11.2.5. Sight word recognition: Read approximately 500 high frequency words fluently during reading.

R.11.2.6. Word Study and vocabulary: Sort nouns by features, function, and categories.

R.11.2.7. Word Study and vocabulary: Learn new words from reading and discuss the meanings of words .

R.11.2.8. Word Study and vocabulary: Experiment with language, including trying new words and using them in speaking, reading, and writing.

R.11.2.9. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above.

R.11.2.10. Accuracy of reading: Self-monitor to make sense of the reading.

R.11.2.11. Reading with fluency and expression: Read grade level text fluently at a minimum of 90 words per minute.

R.11.2.12. Reading with fluency and expression: Read familiar grade level texts using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, punctuation, and intonation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.2.1. Accessing information: Generate questions about topics of personal interest .

IR.12.2.2. Accessing information: Use alphabetical order to the second letter to access information.

IR.12.2.3. Accessing information: Use title page, table of contents, glossary, and index to locate information.

IR.12.2.4. Accessing information: Access information from such sources as charts, maps, graphs, and directions.

IR.12.2.5. Accessing information: Locate information from a variety of print, non-print, and technological resources (dictionaries, magazines, pictures, informational texts, people, and technology/Internet).

IR.12.2.6. Interpreting Information: Use such graphic organizers as webbing and mapping to organize information.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.3.1. Speaking vocabulary: Use pronouns appropriately in speech.

OV.1.3.2. Speaking vocabulary: Clarify and explain words and ideas orally .

OV.1.3.3. Speaking vocabulary: Use adjectives appropriately in speech.

OV.1.3.4. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience (i.e., gestures and body language).

OV.1.3.5. Speaking behaviors: Respond appropriately when being introduced.

OV.1.3.6. Speaking behaviors: Adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose and occasion (i.e., volume, pitch, and rate).

OV.1.3.7. Speaking behaviors: Communicate ideas sequentially or organized around major points of information.

OV.1.3.8. Speaking to share understanding of information: Support spoken ideas and opinions with examples, evidence, and elaboration.

OV.1.3.9. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give multiple step directions and explanation as needed.

OV.1.3.10. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in formal and informal discussions about a variety of topics including community events .

OV.1.3.11. Speaking to share understanding of information: Provide supportive verbal and nonverbal cues to participants in a discussion to encourage an exchange of ideas and opinions.

OV.1.3.12. Speaking for literary response and expression: Tell and retell stories in an informal storytelling format using descriptive language, story elements, and voice to create interest and mood.

OV.1.3.13. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including book talks.

OV.1.3.14. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Express opinions and solve problems.

OV.1.3.15. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Accept contributions of teacher or group to establish goals to improve speaking performance.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.3.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., appropriate feedback and contributions of relevant information).

OV.2.3.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen and summarize information .

OV.2.3.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen to acquire new vocabulary.

OV.2.3.4. Listening for information and understanding: Follow oral directions and monitor for clarity.

OV.2.3.5. Listening and responding to literature: Listen and respond to literature, including identifying the craftsmanship of the author.

OV.2.3.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Identify the purpose and content of verbal communication and nonverbal cues.

OV.2.3.7. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate a performance on the basis of a predetermined criteria/rubric developed by the teacher.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.3.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Gather and use information from various types of media.

OV.3.3.2. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art, writing, and plays).

OV.3.3.3. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Compare and contrast literature from two media sources presentations .

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.3.1. Prewriting: Use a variety of planning strategies/ organizers.

W.4.3.2. Prewriting: Focus on a central idea.

W.4.3.3. Prewriting: Identify the audience.

W.4.3.4. Prewriting: Select appropriate resources for personal and informational writing.

W.4.3.5. Prewriting: Use available technology to collect information for writing.

W.4.3.6. Drafting: Develop drafts by sorting information into categories and using the categories as paragraphs.

W.4.3.7. Drafting: Create well-developed introductory and concluding paragraphs.

W.4.3.8. Drafting: Include descriptive details that elaborate the central idea.

W.4.3.9. Revising: Revise writing for organization, precise vocabulary, and purposefully selected information from peer responses and teacher conference.

W.4.3.10. Revising: Utilize a revision checklist developed by the class to independently revise writing.

W.4.3.11. Editing: Edit for spelling of appropriate words, usage, punctuation, capitalization, and sentence structure.

W.4.3.12. Editing: Utilize available resources to edit personal writing (i.e., editing checklist, thesaurus, dictionary, available technology, etc.).

W.4.3.13. Publishing: Prepare pieces for publication (i.e., illustrations, rewriting or typing/word processing, page break, charts, and diagrams, etc.).

W.4.3.14. Publishing: Polish approximately ten pieces throughout the year (i.e., letters, stories, poems, and reports, etc.).

W.4.3.15. Publishing: Use available technology for publishing.

W.4.3.16. Publishing: Select pieces for a writing portfolio that demonstrate success in writing in a variety of genres.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.3.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for a specific purpose and audience .

W.5.3.2. Purposes and Audiences: Write to persuade, inform, entertain, and describe.

W.5.3.3. Topics and Forms: Write daily.

W.5.3.4. Topics and Forms: Write informational pieces with at least two paragraphs.

W.5.3.5. Topics and Forms: Respond to literature with specific reference to the text .

W.5.3.6. Topics and Forms: Write descriptive narratives.

W.5.3.7. Topics and Forms: Write an original fable and tall tale.

W.5.3.8. Topics and Forms: Write cinquains and diamantes .

W.5.3.9. Topics and Forms: Explain connections between text and world.

W.5.3.10. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame .

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.3.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple and compound sentences .

W.6.3.2. Sentence Formation: Eliminate fragments.

W.6.3.3. Sentence Formation: Create sentences with compound subjects.

W.6.3.4. Usage: Use subject and verb agreement in compound sentences.

W.6.3.5. Usage: Use possessive pronouns correctly.

W.6.3.6. Usage: Use the pronouns I and me correctly in sentences.

W.6.3.7. Usage: Use past and present verb tense.

W.6.3.8. Usage: Use singular possessives .

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.3.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use organizational structure that is useful to the reader.

W.7.3.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Include relevant information and elaboration on the topic .

W.7.3.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Arrange steps in a logical sequence .

W.7.3.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use transition words .

W.7.3.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Make word choices to accurately convey the message .

W.7.3.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply new vocabulary and concepts from reading to writing.

W.7.3.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a checklist to monitor expectations in writing.

W.7.3.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Respond to the writing of others by giving specific feedback on the clarity, coherence, and logical order.

W.7.3.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Identify the most effective features of a piece of writing using criteria generated by the teacher (i.e., precise verbs and adjectives, etc.).

W.7.3.10. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Examine written work to determine progress in writing and work habits and explain personal changes over time.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.3.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Activate prior knowledge by previewing and using text structure.

R.9.3.2. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Use prior knowledge to determine a purpose for reading.

R.9.3.3. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from text to world during reading.

R.9.3.4. Using visualization to make meaning: Form mental pictures to organize and visualize the content of the text.

R.9.3.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Generate questions and check the text for answers.

R.9.3.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Question the author's purpose.

R.9.3.7. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask questions and support answers by connecting prior knowledge with literal and inferential information found in the text.

R.9.3.8. Using inferences to make meaning: Discuss why an author may have selected particular words or phrases.

R.9.3.9. Using inferences to make meaning: Draw inferences, such as conclusions or generalizations, and support them with text evidence and/or personal experiences.

R.9.3.10. Determining importance to make meaning: Organize information and events logically.

R.9.3.11. Determining importance to make meaning: Determine the purpose for reading.

R.9.3.12. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Summarize a story.

R.9.3.13. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Summarize major points found in nonfiction materials.

R.9.3.14. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Follow directions encountered in functional texts.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.3.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.3.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Demonstrate knowledge of the content, style, and theme of the works of a single author.

R.10.3.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Discuss authors, stories, and other texts and make recommendations to classmates and teachers.

R.10.3.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including written responses, reading log, interest list, and reading goals.

R.10.3.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Self-select materials on independent reading level based on personal interest, knowledge of authors, and different types of texts.

R.10.3.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Use graphic organizers including character webs and K-W-L charts to make meaning of the reading selection .

R.10.3.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Utilize the appropriate areas of the library/media center to select reading materials.

R.10.3.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of informational texts, including sequential formats.

R.10.3.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Recognize expository text structures which are sequential.

R.10.3.10. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Describe in own words new information gained from texts and relate it to prior knowledge.

R.10.3.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of stories, including tall tales and fables.

R.10.3.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify and compare the story elements of tall tales and fables.

R.10.3.13. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Create own tall tale and/or fable .

R.10.3.14. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify language and literary devices, including mood.

R.10.3.15. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of poetry, including diamantes and cinquains.

R.10.3.16. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss poetry to determine meaning.

R.10.3.17. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Analyze poetry to identify the characteristics of cinquains.

R.10.3.18. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of functional/practical texts, including menus, recipes, and maps.

R.10.3.19. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use functional print, including recipes, menus, and maps, to accomplish tasks.

R.10.3.20. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use a dictionary, index, thesaurus, encyclopedia, and online reference materials to enhance reading.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.3.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use context clues to determine the precise meaning of new words.

R.11.3.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Use knowledge of irregular plurals, verb tenses, homonyms, homographs, homophones, prefixes, and suffixes to read with meaning.

R.11.3.3. Meaning-based word recognition: Recognize the relationship between a pronoun and its referent.

R.11.3.4. Meaning-based word recognition: Recognize and use transition words.

R.11.3.5. Meaning-based word recognition: Recognize and use variations of print .

R.11.3.6. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode words using variant vowel patterns.

R.11.3.7. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode multi-syllabic words using simple syllable patterns.

R.11.3.8. Sight word recognition: Continue to develop sight word vocabulary, including reading words with irregularly spelled suffixes (i.e. -ous, -ion, -ive).

R.11.3.9. Word Study and vocabulary: Categorize words as nouns, action verbs, synonyms, and antonyms during discussions about words.

R.11.3.10. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above.

R.11.3.11. Reading with fluency and expression: Read grade level text fluently at a minimum of 110 words per minute.

R.11.3.12. Reading with fluency and expression: Read familiar grade level texts using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, punctuation, and intonation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.3.1. Accessing information: Generate questions about important and interesting topics.

IR.12.3.2. Accessing information: Use alphabetical order to the third letter to access information.

IR.12.3.3. Accessing information: Use text features of nonfiction (e.g., heading, subheading, bold print, italics, etc.) to locate information.

IR.12.3.4. Accessing information: Access information from globes and schedules.

IR.12.3.5. Accessing information: Consult multiple resources, including print (e.g., dictionaries, encyclopedia, atlases, reference books, thesauri, etc.), technology, and experts to address questions .

IR.12.3.6. Interpreting Information: Compile information into various formats.

IR.12.3.7. Interpreting Information: Organize information to draw a conclusion.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.4.1. Speaking vocabulary: Use subject-related information and vocabulary.

OV.1.4.2. Speaking vocabulary: Adjust language and vocabulary to fit an audience, topic, or purpose.

OV.1.4.3. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience (i.e., appearance and facial expressions).

OV.1.4.4. Speaking behaviors: Make proper introductions and respond courteously .

OV.1.4.5. Speaking behaviors: Adapt spoken language, including word choice.

OV.1.4.6. Speaking behaviors: Communicate ideas and information with clarity.

OV.1.4.7. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give precise directions and instructions for more complex activities and tasks .

OV.1.4.8. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in formal and informal discussions about a variety of topics including state and/or national events .

OV.1.4.9. Speaking to share understanding of information: Encourage others to participate in discussions (i.e., avoid monopolizing the conversation and raise pertinent questions).

OV.1.4.10. Speaking for literary response and expression: Tell and retell stories in a formal storytelling format using descriptive language, story elements, and voice to create interest and mood.

OV.1.4.11. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including book reports.

OV.1.4.12. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Ask and answer relevant questions and make contributions in small or large group discussions .

OV.1.4.13. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Utilize established goals to improve speaking performance.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.4.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., beginning note taking).

OV.2.4.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen and evaluate information .

OV.2.4.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen to understand, organize, and remember directions for doing tasks and assignments.

OV.2.4.4. Listening and responding to literature: Listen and respond to literature, including inferring underlying themes or messages.

OV.2.4.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Identify/infer the purpose, content, organization, and delivery of verbal communication and nonverbal cues.

OV.2.4.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate a performance on the basis of a predetermined criteria/ rubric developed by the class.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.4.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Distinguish the purpose of various types of media presentations, including persuasive presentations.

OV.3.4.2. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art, writing, discussion, and drama).

OV.3.4.3. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Compare and contrast the influence of media presentations on daily life.

OV.3.4.4. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Interpret the role of advertising as a part of media.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.4.1. Prewriting: Organize writing to convey a central idea.

W.4.4.2. Prewriting: Focus on one aspect of a topic.

W.4.4.3. Prewriting: Select relevant information from a variety of sources .

W.4.4.4. Prewriting: Use available technology to collect information for writing.

W.4.4.5. Drafting: Develop drafts by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs into larger units of text.

W.4.4.6. Drafting: Create an introduction that hooks the reader .

W.4.4.7. Drafting: Write several related paragraphs on the same topic.

W.4.4.8. Drafting: Develop strong closure.

W.4.4.9. Drafting: Draft information collected during reading and/or research into writing.

W.4.4.10. Revising: Revise writing to utilize elements of style, including word choice and sentence variation.

W.4.4.11. Revising: Revise drafts for coherence, style, content and logical support of ideas based on peer responses and teacher conferences.

W.4.4.12. Revising: Select a revision checklist to independently revise writing.

W.4.4.13. Editing: Edit for spelling of appropriate words, usage, punctuation, capitalization, and sentence structure without the aid of a checklist.

W.4.4.14. Publishing: Polish approximately ten pieces throughout the year (i.e., longer compositions, more descriptive passages, etc.).

W.4.4.15. Publishing: Use available technology for publishing .

W.4.4.16. Publishing: Select pieces for a writing portfolio that demonstrate abilities to write in different genres for different audiences, purposes, and formats.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.4.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for a general audience (i.e., newspaper and website, etc.).

W.5.4.2. Purposes and Audiences: Write to define, clarify, develop ideas, and express creativity.

W.5.4.3. Purposes and Audiences: Record reactions to personal and school related experiences .

W.5.4.4. Topics and Forms: Write daily.

W.5.4.5. Topics and Forms: Write informational text of at least three paragraphs on one topic using three sources of information .

W.5.4.6. Topics and Forms: Write complex narrative, descriptive, expository, and persuasive compositions that have topic sentences, concrete sensory supporting details, a context to allow the reader to imagine the event, and a logical conclusion.

W.5.4.7. Topics and Forms: Write free verse and limericks .

W.5.4.8. Topics and Forms: Write mysteries and realistic fiction.

W.5.4.9. Topics and Forms: Write summaries based on the main idea of a reading selection and its most significant details.

W.5.4.10. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.4.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple, compound, and complex sentences (i.e., completeness and standard word order, etc.).

W.6.4.2. Sentence Formation: Eliminate run-on sentences.

W.6.4.3. Sentence Formation: Create sentences with compound subjects, verbs, and objects.

W.6.4.4. Sentence Formation: Embed subordinating ideas in sentences (i.e., prepositional structures and infinitives, etc.) .

W.6.4.5. Usage: Employ standard English usage in writing, including subject-verb agreement, pronoun referents, and parts of speech.

W.6.4.6. Usage: Maintain appropriate tense throughout text.

W.6.4.7. Usage: Include prepositional phrases in writing.

W.6.4.8. Usage: Eliminate double negatives .

W.6.4.9. Usage: Use the articles a, an and the correctly.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.4.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Engage the reader by developing a lead and a sense of closure .

W.7.4.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use logical sequence.

W.7.4.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use such descriptive language as action verbs, specific nouns, vivid adjectives, and adverbs to add interest to writing .

W.7.4.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Describe characters and setting .

W.7.4.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use diagrams, charts, or illustrations appropriate to the text.

W.7.4.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use purposeful vocabulary.

W.7.4.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Respond to the writing of others by giving specific feedback on the clarity, coherence, logical order, elaboration, and support of ideas.

W.7.4.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Identify the most effective features of a piece of writing using criteria generated by the teacher or class.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.4.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Organize prior knowledge and new information to make meaning of the text.

R.9.4.2. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections that demonstrate a deeper understanding of text related to self, text, and/or world.

R.9.4.3. Using visualization to make meaning: Form mental pictures reflecting vivid details and personal connections with the text.

R.9.4.4. Using visualization to make meaning: Revise mental pictures based on new information from the text.

R.9.4.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Generate questions that reflect active engagement in the text.

R.9.4.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Use additional resources to support answers to questions formulated before, during, and after reading.

R.9.4.7. Using inferences to make meaning: Infer the purpose of the text to expand comprehension.

R.9.4.8. Using inferences to make meaning: Describe how the author's purpose determines the choice of language and information in a text.

R.9.4.9. Using inferences to make meaning: Use inferences to expand understanding of content knowledge.

R.9.4.10. Determining importance to make meaning: Sort relevant and irrelevant information based on the purpose of reading.

R.9.4.11. Determining importance to make meaning: Read a text for a variety of purposes.

R.9.4.12. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Summarize content of selection, identifying important ideas and providing details for each important idea.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.4.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.4.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Compare and contrast fiction and nonfiction.

R.10.4.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Analyze and compare the distinguishing features of familiar genres.

R.10.4.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including written responses, reading log interest list, and reading goals.

R.10.4.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Self-select materials on independent reading level based on personal interest, knowledge of authors, different types of texts, and estimation of text difficulty.

R.10.4.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Use graphic organizers, including main idea/detail maps and outlines to make meaning of the reading selection.

R.10.4.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Evaluate texts for appropriateness to reading tasks.

R.10.4.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of informational texts, including comparative formats.

R.10.4.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Recognize expository text structures which are comparative.

R.10.4.10. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read critically to compare information from two or more sources.

R.10.4.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of stories, including mysteries and realistic fiction.

R.10.4.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify and compare the story elements of mysteries and realistic fiction.

R.10.4.13. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Create own mystery and/or realistic fiction .

R.10.4.14. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify language and literary devices, including tone.

R.10.4.15. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of poetry, including simple free verse and limericks.

R.10.4.16. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss poetry to determine meaning.

R.10.4.17. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Analyze poetry to identify the characteristics of diamantes.

R.10.4.18. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of functional/practical texts, including brochures, newspaper, and magazine articles.

R.10.4.19. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Utilize functional texts, including brochures, newspaper, articles and magazines, to accomplish tasks .

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.4.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use context clues to determine the precise meaning of new words.

R.11.4.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Use knowledge of plural possessive nouns and irregular verbs to read with meaning .

R.11.4.3. Meaning-based word recognition: Explain words with multiple meanings.

R.11.4.4. Meaning-based word recognition: Identify figurative language in reading.

R.11.4.5. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Refine strategies to decode multi-syllabic words.

R.11.4.6. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode multi-syllabic words using more advanced syllable patterns .

R.11.4.7. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Use related words to determine the spelling of unaccented syllables.

R.11.4.8. Add content words to sight vocabulary.

R.11.4.9. Word Study and vocabulary: Use word-reference materials, including the glossary, dictionary, and thesaurus, to make meaning of unknown words.

R.11.4.10. Word Study and vocabulary: Recognize and use linking verbs.

R.11.4.11. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above.

R.11.4.12. Reading with fluency and expression: Read grade level text fluently at approximately 118 words per minute.

R.11.4.13. Reading with fluency and expression: Read familiar grade level texts using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, punctuation, and intonation.

R.11.4.14. Reading with fluency and expression: Adjust reading rate according to text demands.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.4.1. Accessing information: Formulate questions about a specific topic.

IR.12.4.2. Accessing information: Locate information in reference materials by using organizational features.

IR.12.4.3. Accessing information: Use guide words to locate words in dictionaries and topics in encyclopedias.

IR.12.4.4. Accessing information: Collect information about an assigned or self-selected topic using resources of the media center, including Internet, print, and media .

IR.12.4.5. Interpreting Information: Use text formats and organizing tools as an aid in constructing meaning .

IR.12.4.6. Interpreting Information: Make generalizations and draw conclusions based on the research of the topic.

IR.12.4.7. Interpreting Information: Develop notes, learning logs, etc. to identify and support main ideas from text.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.5.1. Speaking Vocabulary: Develop vocabulary from content area texts .

OV.1.5.2. Speaking Vocabulary: Use standard English in classroom discussion.

OV.1.5.3. Speaking behaviors: Use appropriate oral communication for various purposes and audiences .

OV.1.5.4. Speaking behaviors: Demonstrate appropriate eye contact.

OV.1.5.5. Speaking behaviors: Use correct pronunciation to communicate ideas and information.

OV.1.5.6. Speaking to share understanding and information: Contribute appropriately to class discussion.

OV.1.5.7. Speaking to share understanding and information: Deliver oral presentations using standard English and appropriate vocabulary.

OV.1.5.8. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use illustrations, pictures, and/or charts in oral presentations across the curriculum.

OV.1.5.9. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including dramatic readings of poetry or prose.

OV.1.5.10. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate self and peers' speaking performance based on preset criteria.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.5.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate effective listening skills by exhibiting appropriate body language .

OV.2.5.2. Listening for information and understanding: Establish purpose for listening .

OV.2.5.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen attentively for main ideas.

OV.2.5.4. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate attentive listening skills to respond to speaker's message .

OV.2.5.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate presentations using established criteria/rubrics .

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge an understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.5.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: View a variety of media (e.g., posters, film clips, periodicals, charts, cartoons, etc.) to enhance and show understanding of a specific topic .

OV.3.5.2. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Differentiate between fact and opinion in media.

OV.3.5.3. Utilizing a variety of resources to produce visuals that communicate through print and non-print media: Use visual aids to convey information .

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.5.1. Prewriting: Generate ideas using such strategies as reading, discussing, focused free-writing, observing, and brainstorming.

W.4.5.2. Prewriting: Organize ideas by using such graphic organizers as webbing, mapping, and formal outlining with main topics .

W.4.5.3. Prewriting: Demonstrate an awareness of purpose and audience with emphasis on expository and letter writing.

W.4.5.4. Prewriting: Use available technology to access information by using a card catalog.

W.4.5.5. Drafting: Use prewriting to draft expository paragraphs within an essay with emphasis on the following: Central idea; Explanation; Elaboration; Unity; Purpose and audience.

W.4.5.6. Drafting: Organize expository paragraphs that include a topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence.

W.4.5.7. Drafting: Create an effective lead sentence for each paragraph by using such features as questions or exclamations.

W.4.5.8. Revising: Revise content for: Central Idea; Organization (e.g., beginning, middle, and end; sequencing ideas; major points of information, etc.); Unity; Elaboration; Clarity.

W.4.5.9. Revising: Revise style for: Sentence variety; Tone; Voice; Selected vocabulary; Selected information.

W.4.5.10. Revising: Revise writing using various tools/methods, such as peer and/or teacher collaboration, a revision checklist, rubric, and/or reference materials (e.g., dictionary, thesaurus, etc.).

W.4.5.11. Editing: Edit individually or in groups for appropriate grade-level conventions, within the following features: Sentence formation; Usage; Mechanics.

W.4.5.12. Publishing: Use available technology for sharing and/or publication.

W.4.5.13. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth in meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.5.14. Publishing: Publish/share according to purpose and audience.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.5.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write to describe, to inform, to entertain, to explain, and to persuade.

W.5.5.2. Purposes and Audiences: Select the form of writing that addresses the intended audience.

W.5.5.3. Topics and Forms: Create expository, narrative, descriptive, and persuasive writings .

W.5.5.4. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a variety of techniques/devices, with emphasis on writing patterned and rhymed poetry .

W.5.5.5. Topics and Forms: Write research reports using summarizing and paraphrasing.

W.5.5.6. Topics and Forms: Write to reflect ideas/ interpretations of multicultural and universal themes and concepts.

W.5.5.7. Topics and Forms: Write with and without prompts for a sustained period of time .

W.5.5.8. Topics and Forms: Write in response to literature .

W.5.5.9. Topics and Forms: Write on demand with or without prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.5.10. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.5.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple and compound sentences of varied lengths.

W.6.5.2. Sentence Formation: Use different kinds of sentences: Declarative; Interrogative; Imperative; Exclamatory.

W.6.5.3. Sentence Formation: Use compound subjects and predicates to combine simple sentences for more effective writing style.

W.6.5.4. Sentence Formation: Define, identify, and use natural and inverted sentence order for emphasis and variety.

W.6.5.5. Sentence Formation: Identify and correct fragments and run-ons.

W.6.5.6. Sentence Formation: Define and identify the parts of speech to construct effective sentences: Common and proper nouns; Pronouns to avoid repetition; Active and linking verbs; Adjectives to modify nouns and pronouns; Adverbs to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs; Conjunctions to join; Interjections for excitement; Prepositions to indicate relationships.

W.6.5.7. Usage: Apply conventions of grammar with emphasis on the following: Subject-verb agreement; Parts of speech; Parts of a sentence; Conjugation in simple verb tenses; Possessive pronouns.

W.6.5.8. Spelling: Spell words by applying the correct spelling of roots, bases, and affixes.

W.6.5.9. Spelling: Spell homonyms correctly according to usage .

W.6.5.10. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.5.11. Punctuation: Apply conventional rules of punctuation in writing with emphasis on: End marks; Quotation marks; Comma in a series; Comma in compound sentences; Comma in complex sentence; Comma in direct address.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.5.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language purposefully, such as simile and metaphor, to shape and control language .

W.7.5.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence types and lengths (see Conventions Standard 6).

W.7.5.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use transition words .

W.7.5.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use purposeful vocabulary for emphasis or elaboration.

W.7.5.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Create a strong lead and conclusion.

W.7.5.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use logical sequence.

W.7.5.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use writer's checklist or scoring guides/rubrics to improve written work.

W.7.5.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Self-evaluate writing using checklists or scoring guides/rubrics.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.5.1. Prior Knowledge: Use previewing, activating prior knowledge, predicting content of text, formulating questions, and establishing purposes for reading .

R.9.5.2. Prior Knowledge: Describe the interrelationships between text and other content areas.

R.9.5.3. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate questions to establish purposes for reading.

R.9.5.4. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate questions relevant to text and topics .

R.9.5.5. Using questioning and monitoring: Monitor comprehension in relation to questions generated.

R.9.5.6. Using inferences and interpretations: Connect own background knowledge and personal experience to make inferences and to respond to new information presented in text.

R.9.5.7. Using inferences and interpretations: Make inferences supported by a character's thoughts, words and actions, or the narrator's description.

R.9.5.8. Using inferences and interpretations: Analyze literary elements of character, plot, and setting.

R.9.5.9. Using inferences and interpretations: Compare/contrast the actions, motives and appearance of characters in a work of fiction and discuss the importance of the contrasts to the plot .

R.9.5.10. Using inferences and interpretations: Distinguish among facts and inferences supported by evidence and opinions in text.

R.9.5.11. Determining Importance: Use such comprehension strategies as establishing purpose, inferring, and summarizing, to determine essential information.

R.9.5.12. Determining Importance: Identify main ideas and supporting evidence in short reading passages.

R.9.5.13. Determining Importance: Use the text features to locate and recall information, with emphasis on fonts/effects and illustrations/photographs.

R.9.5.14. Determining Importance: Use knowledge of text structure(s) to enhance understanding with emphasis on sequence and description.

R.9.5.15. Determining Importance: Classify and organize text information by level of importance in a variety of ways, including timelines and graphic organizers, to support and explain ideas.

R.9.5.16. Determining Importance: Scan materials to locate specific information .

R.9.5.17. Determining Importance: Skim materials to develop a general overview.

R.9.5.18. Summarizing and Synthesizing: Retell stories with detail.

R.9.5.19. Summarizing and Synthesizing: Summarize information including main idea and significant supporting details.

R.9.5.20. Evaluating: Evaluate a character's decision/action.

R.9.5.21. Evaluating: Evaluate personal, social, and political issues as presented in text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts for a variety of purposes.

R.10.5.1. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read for a substantial amount of time daily, including assigned and self-selected materials at independent and instructional levels.

R.10.5.2. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read texts that reflect contributions of different cultural groups.

R.10.5.3. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Vary reading strategies according to text and purpose.

R.10.5.4. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Read a variety of informational text, including textbooks, newspapers, magazines, and other instructional materials.

R.10.5.5. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify cause/effect and problem/solution relationships.

R.10.5.6. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Skim materials to locate specific information.

R.10.5.7. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Scan materials to develop a general overview .

R.10.5.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Locate information to support opinions, predictions, and conclusions.

R.10.5.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Use knowledge of text structure to locate information and aid comprehension.

R.10.5.10. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of literature, including historical fiction, biography, and realistic fiction.

R.10.5.11. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of poetry, with emphasis on rhymed and patterned .

R.10.5.12. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Describe the characteristics of rhymed and patterned poetry.

R.10.5.13. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read and utilize functional/practical texts, including catalogs, schedules, and diagrams.

R.10.5.14. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Use graphic organizers to analyze information.

AR.11. Reading; Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.5.1. Word recognition: Automatically decode words to ensure focus on comprehension.

R.11.5.2. Word recognition: Continue to develop and maintain an adequate body of sight words .

R.11.5.3. Word recognition: Add content words to sight vocabulary.

R.11.5.4. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use knowledge of root words and affixes and word relationships to determine meaning.

R.11.5.5. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context to determine meaning of multiple meaning words.

R.11.5.6. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use resources to determine meaning of technical and specialized vocabulary.

R.11.5.7. Word Study and Vocabulary: Determine useful and relevant words.

R.11.5.8. Word Study and Vocabulary: Identify figurative language such as idioms, similes and metaphors.

R.11.5.9. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use word origins including common roots and word parts from Greek and Latin to analyze the meaning and determine pronunciation and derivations of complex words.

R.11.5.10. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context clues to select appropriate dictionary definition .

R.11.5.11. Word Study and Vocabulary: Anticipate noun following noun markers including a, an, and the.

R.11.5.12. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with an approximate rate of 128 words per minute.

R.11.5.13. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with accuracy and expression.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.5.1. Accessing information: Generate questions to select a specific topic for research .

IR.12.5.2. Accessing information: Use reference features (e.g., table of contents, indices, and glossaries, etc.) and text features (e.g., format, graphics, sequence, diagrams, table of contents, etc.) to access information .

IR.12.5.3. Accessing information: Use print and electronic sources, including the card catalog, to locate information .

IR.12.5.4. Accessing information: Gather information from a source appropriate to purpose and topic.

IR.12.5.5. Interpreting Information: Explain information presented in graphic sources.

IR.12.5.6. Interpreting Information: Develop notes to identify support, and paraphrase main ideas from text.

IR.12.5.7. Interpreting Information: Create a formal topic outline of main topics.

IR.12.5.8. Interpreting Information: Use research to create an oral, written, or visual presentation /product.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.6.1. Speaking Vocabulary: Develop vocabulary from content area texts and personal reading .

OV.1.6.2. Speaking Vocabulary: Use standard English in classroom discussion.

OV.1.6.3. Speaking behaviors: Use appropriate oral communication for various purposes and audiences .

OV.1.6.4. Speaking behaviors: Demonstrate appropriate eye contact and posture.

OV.1.6.5. Speaking behaviors: Use correct pronunciation and inflection to communicate ideas and information.

OV.1.6.6. Speaking to share understanding and information: Contribute appropriately to class discussion.

OV.1.6.7. Speaking to share understanding and information: Deliver oral presentations using standard English, appropriate vocabulary, and organization .

OV.1.6.8. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use a variety of visual aids in oral presentations across the curriculum.

OV.1.6.9. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including reading poems, skits, and plays.

OV.1.6.10. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate self and peers' contributions to discussions based on preset criteria.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.6.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate effective listening skills by exhibiting appropriate body language .

OV.2.6.2. Listening for information and understanding: Establish purpose for listening .

OV.2.6.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen attentively for main ideas and detail.

OV.2.6.4. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate attentive listening skills to respond to speaker's message.

OV.2.6.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate presentations using established criteria/rubrics.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge an understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.6.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: View a variety of media (e.g., posters, film clips, periodicals, charts, cartoons, graphs, statistics, etc.) to enhance and show understanding of a specific topic.

OV.3.6.2. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Use appropriate criteria to evaluate media for bias .

OV.3.6.3. Utilizing a variety of resources to produce visuals that communicate through print and non-print media: Create visual aids that convey information .

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.6.1. Prewriting: Generate ideas using such strategies as reading, discussing, focused free-writing, observing, brainstorming, and reading logs.

W.4.6.2. Prewriting: Organize ideas by using such graphic organizers as webbing, mapping, charts/graphs, and formal outlining with main topics and sub-topics.

W.4.6.3. Prewriting: Demonstrate an awareness of purpose and audience for all modes of written discourse.

W.4.6.4. Prewriting: Use available technology to access information by using a card catalog and the Internet.

W.4.6.5. Drafting: Use prewriting to draft expository paragraphs with emphasis on the following: Central idea; Explanation; Elaboration; Unity; Purpose and audience.

W.4.6.6. Drafting: Organize expository paragraphs that include a topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence.

W.4.6.7. Drafting: Create an effective lead sentence for each paragraph by using such features as a factual statement or an unusual statement about the topic.

W.4.6.8. Revising: Revise content for: Central Idea; Organization (e.g., beginning, middle, and end; sequencing ideas; major points of information, etc.); Unity; Elaboration; Clarity.

W.4.6.9. Revising: Revise style for: Sentence variety; Tone; Voice; Selected vocabulary; Selected information.

W.4.6.10. Revising: Revise writing using various tools/methods, such as peer and/or teacher collaboration, a revision checklist, rubric, and/or reference materials (e.g., dictionary, thesaurus, etc.).

W.4.6.11. Editing: Edit individually or in groups for appropriate grade-level conventions, within the following features: Sentence formation; Usage; Mechanics .

W.4.6.12. Publishing: Use available technology for sharing and/or publication.

W.4.6.13. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth in meeting goals and expectations .

W.4.6.14. Publishing: Publish/share according to purpose and audience.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.6.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write to describe, to inform, to entertain, to explain, and to persuade.

W.5.6.2. Purposes and Audiences: Select the form of writing that addresses the intended audience.

W.5.6.3. Topics and Forms: Create expository, narrative, descriptive, and persuasive writings.

W.5.6.4. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a variety of techniques/devices, with emphasis on narrative, including ballads.

W.5.6.5. Topics and Forms: Write research reports using a variety of sources, summarizing, and paraphrasing .

W.5.6.6. Topics and Forms: Write to reflect ideas/ interpretations of multicultural and universal themes and concepts.

W.5.6.7. Topics and Forms: Write with and without prompts for a sustained period of time.

W.5.6.8. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that demonstrate understanding or interpretation.

W.5.6.9. Topics and Forms: Write on demand with or without prompt within a given time frame .

W.5.6.10. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.6.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple and compound sentences of varied lengths.

W.6.6.2. Sentence Formation: Use different kinds of sentences: Declarative; Interrogative; Imperative; Exclamatory.

W.6.6.3. Sentence Formation: Use compound sentence elements (e.g., subjects, predicates, complements, and complete sentences, etc.) to combine sentences for more effective writing style.

W.6.6.4. Sentence Formation: Define, identify, and use natural and inverted sentence order for emphasis and variety.

W.6.6.5. Sentence Formation: Identify and correct fragments and run-ons .

W.6.6.6. Sentence Formation: Use knowledge of the parts of speech to construct effective sentences: Common and proper nouns; Pronouns to avoid repetition; Active and linking verbs; Adjectives to modify nouns and pronouns; Adverbs to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs; Coordinate conjunctions to join; Interjections for excitement; Prepositions to indicate relationships.

W.6.6.7. Usage: Apply conventions of grammar with emphasis on the following: Subject-verb agreement; Parts of speech; Parts of a sentence; Conjugation in perfect verb tenses; Possessive, nominative, and objective pronouns.

W.6.6.8. Spelling: Apply correct spelling to commonly misspelled words .

W.6.6.9. Spelling: Spell homonyms correctly according to usage.

W.6.6.10. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.6.11. Punctuation: Apply conventional rules of punctuation in writing with emphasis on: End marks; Quotation marks; Comma in a series; Comma in compound sentences; Comma in complex sentence; Comma in direct address.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.6.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language purposefully, such as onomatopoeia, to shape and control language to affect readers.

W.7.6.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence types and lengths (see Conventions Standard 6).

W.7.6.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use word or sentence repetition for effect.

W.7.6.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use transition words/ phrases .

W.7.6.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use purposeful vocabulary with emphasis on developing style.

W.7.6.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Create a strong lead and conclusion.

W.7.6.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Narrow the time focus of a piece of writing.

W.7.6.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use writer's checklist or scoring guides/rubrics to improve written work.

W.7.6.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Self-evaluate writing using checklists or scoring guides/rubrics.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.6.1. Prior Knowledge: Use previewing, activating prior knowledge, predicting content of text, formulating questions, and establishing purposes for reading .

R.9.6.2. Making Connections: Analyze the interrelationships of text and world issues/events by applying connection strategies.

R.9.6.3. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate and revise questions to establish purposes for reading.

R.9.6.4. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate and revise questions relevant to text and topics.

R.9.6.5. Using questioning and monitoring: Monitor comprehension in relation to questions generated.

R.9.6.6. Using inferences and interpretations: Connect own background knowledge and personal experience to make inferences and to respond to new information presented in text.

R.9.6.7. Using inferences and interpretations: Make inferences and draw conclusions about characters' traits and actions based on plot, setting, motives, and responses to other characters.

R.9.6.8. Using inferences and interpretations: Analyze literary elements of character, plot, and setting.

R.9.6.9. Using inferences and interpretations: Compare the actions, motives and appearance of characters in a work of fiction and discuss the importance of the contrasts to the plot or theme.

R.9.6.10. Using inferences and interpretations: Distinguish among facts and inferences supported by evidence and opinions in text.

R.9.6.11. Determining Importance: Use text information and background knowledge to draw conclusions and to make inferences (e.g., theme, etc.).

R.9.6.12. Determining Importance: Identify main ideas and supporting evidence in short reading passages.

R.9.6.13. Determining Importance: Use the text features to locate and recall information, with emphasis on cue words and phrases .

R.9.6.14. Determining Importance: Use knowledge of text structure(s) to enhance understanding with emphasis on cause/effect and compare/contrast.

R.9.6.15. Determining Importance: Classify and organize text information by determining subtopics of information.

R.9.6.16. Determining Importance: Use skimming and scanning to locate specific information to develop a general overview.

R.9.6.17. Determining Importance: Analyze information from the text, based on purpose and/or level of importance.

R.9.6.18. Summarizing and Synthesizing: Summarize the content of a text.

R.9.6.19. Evaluating: Identify events that advance the plot of a literary work and evaluate how those events relate to past, present, or future actions.

R.9.6.20. Evaluating: Evaluate personal, social, and political issues as presented in text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts for a variety of purposes.

R.10.6.1. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read for a substantial amount of time daily, including assigned and self-selected materials at independent and instructional levels.

R.10.6.2. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read texts that reflect contributions of different cultural groups.

R.10.6.3. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Vary reading strategies according to text and purpose.

R.10.6.4. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Read a variety of informational text, including textbooks, newspapers, magazines, and other instructional materials .

R.10.6.5. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Compare /contrast information from multiple sources.

R.10.6.6. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Use skimming and scanning to locate specific information or to develop a general overview.

R.10.6.7. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Select informational sources appropriate for a given purpose.

R.10.6.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Organize and synthesize information for use in written and oral presentation.

R.10.6.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Understand and analyze the differences in structure of various informational text.

R.10.6.10. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of literature, including historical fiction, autobiography, and realistic fiction.

R.10.6.11. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of poetry, with emphasis on narrative, including ballads.

R.10.6.12. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Explain how form, including rhyme, rhythm, repetitions, line structure and punctuation, conveys the mood and meaning of a poem.

R.10.6.13. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read and utilize functional/practical texts, including advertisements, slogans, brochures, and timelines.

R.10.6.14. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Analyze message through pictures, images, and photographs.

R.10.6.15. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Analyze selections through text, images, and photographs for a given purpose.

AR.11. Reading; Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.6.1. Word recognition: Automatically decode words to ensure focus on comprehension.

R.11.6.2. Word recognition: Continue to develop and maintain an adequate body of sight words.

R.11.6.3. Word recognition: Add content words to sight vocabulary.

R.11.6.4. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use knowledge of root words and affixes and word relationships to determine meaning.

R.11.6.5. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context to determine meaning of multiple meaning words.

R.11.6.6. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use resources to determine meaning of technical and specialized vocabulary.

R.11.6.7. Word Study and Vocabulary: Determine useful and relevant words.

R.11.6.8. Word Study and Vocabulary: Explain the meaning of figurative language such as idioms, similes and metaphors.

R.11.6.9. Word Study and Vocabulary: Identify word origins, derivations and inflections and foreign words.

R.11.6.10. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context clues to select appropriate dictionary definition.

R.11.6.11. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with an approximate rate of 145 words per minute.

R.11.6.12. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with accuracy and expression.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.6.1. Accessing information: Generate questions to explore and select a specific topic for research.

IR.12.6.2. Accessing information: Use reference features (e.g., bibliographies, etc.) and text features (e.g., appendix, preface, index, glossary, etc.) to access information.

IR.12.6.3. Accessing information: Use print and electronic sources, including computer databases, to locate information .

IR.12.6.4. Accessing information: Gather information from more than one source appropriate to purpose and topic.

IR.12.6.5. Interpreting Information: Interpret information from graphic sources .

IR.12.6.6. Interpreting Information: Develop notes that include main ideas, summaries, and paraphrasing from one or more sources.

IR.12.6.7. Interpreting Information: Create a formal topic outline of main and sub-topics .

IR.12.6.8. Interpreting Information: Use research to create one or more oral, written, or visual presentations /products.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.7.1. Speaking Vocabulary: Use vocabulary from content area texts and personal reading .

OV.1.7.2. Speaking Vocabulary: Use standard English in classroom discussion and presentations.

OV.1.7.3. Speaking behaviors: Speak for and to various purposes and audiences.

OV.1.7.4. Speaking behaviors: Demonstrate appropriate eye contact, posture, and volume.

OV.1.7.5. Speaking behaviors: Use correct pronunciation and inflection/modulation to communicate ideas and information.

OV.1.7.6. Speaking to share understanding and information: Contribute appropriately to class discussion .

OV.1.7.7. Speaking to share understanding and information: Deliver oral presentations using standard English, appropriate vocabulary, examples and/or analogies.

OV.1.7.8. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use a variety of visual aids in oral presentations across the curriculum.

OV.1.7.9. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including oral interpretations of poems, stories and monologues.

OV.1.7.10. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate self and peers' performance as an interviewer based on preset criteria.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.7.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate effective listening skills by exhibiting appropriate body language .

OV.2.7.2. Listening for information and understanding: Establish purpose for listening .

OV.2.7.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen attentively for mail ideas, details, and organization.

OV.2.7.4. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate attentive listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

OV.2.7.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate presentations using established criteria/rubrics (e.g., purpose, content, organization, and delivery) .

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge an understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.7.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: View a variety of visually presented materials for understanding of a specific topic .

OV.3.7.2. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Use appropriate criteria to evaluate media for bias and propaganda.

OV.3.7.3. Utilizing a variety of resources to produce visuals that communicate through print and non-print media: Design presentations that incorporate media visuals.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.7.1. Prewriting: Generate ideas by selecting and applying appropriate prewriting strategies which shall include reading, discussing, observing, brainstorming, focused and unfocused free-writing, and reading/learning logs.

W.4.7.2. Prewriting: Organize ideas by using such graphic organizers as webbing, mapping charts/graphs, Venn diagrams, and formal outlining with main topics and sub-topics.

W.4.7.3. Prewriting: Determine a focus and an organizational structure based on purpose, audience, length, and required format for expository, narrative, and descriptive writing.

W.4.7.4. Prewriting: Use available technology to access information by using a card catalog and multiple Internet sources .

W.4.7.5. Drafting: Create a draft for expository writing with emphasis on organization by paragraphs -- introduction, main points with elaboration, and conclusion.

W.4.7.6. Drafting: Create a draft for narrative writing that includes dialogue.

W.4.7.7. Drafting: Create an effective lead paragraph by using dialogue or a description of a character or setting.

W.4.7.8. Revising: Revise content for: Central Idea; Organization; Unity; Elaboration (e.g., explanation, examples, description, etc.); Clarity.

W.4.7.9. Revising: Revise style for: Sentence variety; Tone; Voice; Selected vocabulary; Selected information.

W.4.7.10. Revising: Revise writing using various tools/methods, such as peer and/or teacher collaboration, a revision checklist rubric, and/or reference materials (e.g., dictionary, thesaurus, etc.).

W.4.7.11. Editing: Edit individually or in groups for appropriate grade-level conventions, within the following features: Sentence formation ; Usage; Mechanics.

W.4.7.12. Publishing: Use available technology to experiment with various formats for a final written product.

W.4.7.13. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth in meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.7.14. Publishing: Publish/share according to purpose and audience.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.7.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write to develop narrative, expository, descriptive, and persuasive pieces.

W.5.7.2. Purposes and Audiences: Select the form of writing that addresses the intended audience.

W.5.7.3. Topics and Forms: Create expository, narrative, descriptive, and persuasive writings.

W.5.7.4. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a variety of techniques/devices, with emphasis on lyric poetry.

W.5.7.5. Topics and Forms: Write research reports and document sources, summarizing, and paraphrasing.

W.5.7.6. Topics and Forms: Write to reflect ideas/ interpretations of multicultural and universal themes and concepts.

W.5.7.7. Topics and Forms: Write with and without prompts for a sustained period of time.

W.5.7.8. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that demonstrate understanding or interpretation.

W.5.7.9. Topics and Forms: Write on demand with or without prompt within a given time frame .

W.5.7.10. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.7.1. Sentence Formation: Vary sentence structure by using simple, compound, and complex sentences and different kinds of sentences: Declarative; Interrogative; Imperative; Exclamatory.

W.6.7.2. Sentence Formation: Write effective sentences by embedding clauses, prepositional and appositive phrases, and all compound elements .

W.6.7.3. Sentence Formation: Use phrases and clauses to invert sentence order for emphasis and variety.

W.6.7.4. Sentence Formation: Correct fragments, run-ons, comma splices, and fused sentences.

W.6.7.5. Sentence Formation: Analyze personal and peer sentence formation for effective use of the parts of speech: Precise nouns; Pronouns; Active and linking verbs; Adjectives; Adverbs; Conjunctions; Interjections for excitement; Prepositions to indicate relationships.

W.6.7.6. Usage: Apply conventions of grammar with emphasis on the following: Agreement; Subject-verb; Pronoun and antecedent; Parts of speech; Parts of a sentence and sentence patterns ; Conjugation in progressive verb forms; Prepositional phrases as modifiers; Dependent clauses.

W.6.7.7. Spelling: Spell words correctly in all writing.

W.6.7.8. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.7.9. Punctuation: Apply conventional rules for all end marks and commas in writing.

W.6.7.10. Punctuation: Use semi-colons and colons in compound and compound-complex sentences.

W.6.7.11. Punctuation: Use colons in compound and compound-complex sentences and to introduce lists.

W.6.7.12. Punctuation: Use double and single quotation marks in dialogue.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.7.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language purposefully, such as personification and hyperbole, to shape and control language to affect readers.

W.7.7.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence types and lengths (see Conventions Standard 6).

W.7.7.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use word or sentence repetition for effect.

W.7.7.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use transition words/ phrases.

W.7.7.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use purposeful vocabulary with emphasis on developing voice.

W.7.7.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Create an effective lead and conclusion.

W.7.7.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Narrow the time focus of a piece of writing.

W.7.7.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Vary the placement of topic sentences.

W.7.7.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use dialogue effectively.

W.7.7.10. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use humor appropriately .

W.7.7.11. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use writer's checklist or scoring guides/rubrics to improve written work.

W.7.7.12. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Self-evaluate writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.7.1. Prior Knowledge: Use previewing, activating prior knowledge, predicting content of text, formulating questions, and establishing purposes for reading.

R.9.7.2. Making Connections: Infer the interrelations of text and world issues/events by applying connection strategies.

R.9.7.3. Using questioning and monitoring: Prioritize questions formulated and purposes established for reading.

R.9.7.4. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate and prioritize questions related to universal themes to interpret meaning.

R.9.7.5. Using questioning and monitoring: Monitor reading strategies, including rereading, using resources and questions, and modify them when understanding breakdowns.

R.9.7.6. Using inferences and interpretations: Connect own background knowledge and personal experience to make inferences and to respond to new information presented in text.

R.9.7.7. Using inferences and interpretations: Infer a character's impact on plot development.

R.9.7.8. Using inferences and interpretations: Infer mood of text.

R.9.7.9. Using inferences and interpretations: Analyze literary elements of fiction with emphasis on plot development, including conflict, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

R.9.7.10. Using inferences and interpretations: Compare and contrast points of view, such as first person, limited, and omniscient third person, and explain the effect on the overall theme of a literary work.

R.9.7.11. Using inferences and interpretations: Distinguish among stated fact, reasoned judgment, and opinion in text.

R.9.7.12. Determining Importance: Identify main ideas and supporting evidence in short stories and novels.

R.9.7.13. Determining Importance: Use the text features to locate and recall information, with emphasis on graphics.

R.9.7.14. Determining Importance: Use knowledge of text structure(s) to enhance understanding with emphasis on problem/solution.

R.9.7.15. Determining Importance: Organize information, including simple outlining.

R.9.7.16. Determining Importance: Use skimming, scanning, note-taking, outlining, and questioning as study strategies.

R.9.7.17. Summarizing and Synthesizing: Summarize the content of multiple chapters of a text.

R.9.7.18. Evaluating: Evaluate the accuracy and appropriateness of the evidence used by the author to support claims and assertions.

R.9.7.19. Evaluating: Evaluate personal, social, and political issues as presented in text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts for a variety of purposes.

R.10.7.1. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read for a substantial amount of time daily, including assigned and self-selected materials at independent and instructional levels.

R.10.7.2. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read texts that reflect contributions of different cultural groups.

R.10.7.3. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Vary reading strategies according to text and purpose.

R.10.7.4. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Understand how word choice and language structure convey an author's viewpoint.

R.10.7.5. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Use skimming, scanning, note taking, outlining, and questioning as study strategies.

R.10.7.6. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Organize and synthesize information for use in written and oral presentation.

R.10.7.7. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of literature, including short stories, science fiction, legends, and myths.

R.10.7.8. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of poetry, with emphasis on lyric poetry .

R.10.7.9. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Identify the use of poetic devices, including comparison, alliteration, repetition, onomatopoeia, and rhyme.

R.10.7.10. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Examine the effect of imagery on the mood or meaning of the poem .

R.10.7.11. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read and utilize functional/practical texts, including forms, reports, cover letters, letterheads, and business letters .

R.10.7.12. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Analyze advertisements for bias and propaganda.

AR.11. Reading; Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.7.1. Word recognition: Automatically decode words to ensure focus on comprehension.

R.11.7.2. Word recognition: Continue to develop and maintain an adequate body of sight words.

R.11.7.3. Word recognition: Add content words to sight vocabulary.

R.11.7.4. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use knowledge of root words and affixes and word relationships to determine meaning.

R.11.7.5. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context to determine meaning of multiple meaning words.

R.11.7.6. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use resources to determine meaning of technical and specialized vocabulary.

R.11.7.7. Word Study and Vocabulary: Determine useful and relevant words.

R.11.7.8. Word Study and Vocabulary: Identify and explain idioms and comparisons such as analogies, metaphors and similes to infer the literal and figurative meanings or phrases.

R.11.7.9. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use knowledge of Greek and Latin word parts and roots to determine the meaning of subject related vocabulary.

R.11.7.10. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context to determine meaning of multiple meaning words.

R.11.7.11. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text with an approximate rate of 167 words per minute.

R.11.7.12. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with accuracy and expression.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.7.1. Accessing information: Formulate original questions to select a topic for research .

IR.12.7.2. Accessing information: Use reference features (e.g., endnotes, etc.) and text features (e.g., endnotes, footnotes, bibliography, etc.) to access information.

IR.12.7.3. Accessing information: Use print and electronic sources, such as card catalogs and computer databases, to locate information .

IR.12.7.4. Accessing information: Gather information from more than one type of source (e.g., periodicals, books, learning logs, etc.).

IR.12.7.5. Accessing information: Evaluate sources to select those most reliable and appropriate to purpose and topic.

IR.12.7.6. Interpreting Information: Use information presented in graphic sources to draw conclusions .

IR.12.7.7. Interpreting Information: Develop notes that include main topics, details, summaries, and paraphrasing from multiple types of sources.

IR.12.7.8. Interpreting Information: Create a formal topic outline of main topic, sub-topics, and details.

IR.12.7.9. Interpreting Information: Use research to create one or more oral, written, or visual presentations /products.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.8.1. Speaking Vocabulary: Use vocabulary from content area texts and reading/literature .

OV.1.8.2. Speaking Vocabulary: Use standard English in classroom discussion and presentations.

OV.1.8.3. Speaking behaviors: Speak for and to various purposes and audiences.

OV.1.8.4. Speaking behaviors: Demonstrate appropriate eye contact, posture, volume, and physical gestures.

OV.1.8.5. Speaking behaviors: Use correct pronunciation and inflection/modulation to communicate ideas and information.

OV.1.8.6. Speaking to share understanding and information: Contribute appropriately to class discussion .

OV.1.8.7. Speaking to share understanding and information: Deliver oral presentations using available technology .

OV.1.8.8. Speaking to share understanding and information: Report results of interviews, research, etc.

OV.1.8.9. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities taken from literature or research.

OV.1.8.10. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Critique oral presentations of self and peers based on preset criteria.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.8.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate effective listening skills by exhibiting appropriate body language.

OV.2.8.2. Listening for information and understanding: Establish purpose for listening.

OV.2.8.3. Listening for information and understanding: Listen attentively to summarize.

OV.2.8.4. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate attentive and reflective listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

OV.2.8.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate presentations using established criteria/rubrics (e.g., purpose, content, organization, and delivery).

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge an understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.8.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: View a variety of visually presented materials for understanding of a specific topic.

OV.3.8.2. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate a media source for bias, propaganda, and censorship.

OV.3.8.3. Utilizing a variety of resources to produce visuals that communicate through print and non-print media: Design presentations that incorporate media visuals.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.8.1. Prewriting: Self select and apply an appropriate prewriting strategy for a variety of writing purposes across the curriculum, with emphasis on interviewing, note-taking, and gathering data.

W.4.8.2. Prewriting: Organize ideas by using such graphic organizers as charts/graphs, and formal outlining with main topics, sub-topics, and details.

W.4.8.3. Prewriting: Select a focus and an organizational structure based on purpose, audience, length, and required format for expository, narrative, descriptive, and persuasive writing.

W.4.8.4. Prewriting: Use available technology to access information and to document interviews.

W.4.8.5. Drafting: Create a draft with emphasis on persuasive and expository organization.

W.4.8.6. Drafting: Create an effective lead paragraph by using quotes, description, or questions with the last sentence as a thesis statement.

W.4.8.7. Revising: Revise content for: Central Idea; Organization; Unity; Elaboration; Clarity.

W.4.8.8. Revising: Revise style for: Sentence variety; Tone (e.g., sense of audience, etc.); Voice (e.g., specificity, vividness, rhythm of piece, writer's attitude and presence, etc.); Selected vocabulary; Selected information.

W.4.8.9. Revising: Revise writing using various tools/methods, such as peer and/or teacher collaboration, a revision checklist rubric, and/or reference materials (e.g., dictionary, thesaurus, etc.).

W.4.8.10. Editing: Edit individually or in groups for appropriate grade-level conventions, within the following features: Sentence formation; Usage; Mechanics.

W.4.8.11. Publishing: Use available technology to create a product and communicate knowledge.

W.4.8.12. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth in meeting goals and expectations .

W.4.8.13. Publishing: Publish/share according to purpose and audience.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.8.1. Purposes and Audiences: Develop multiple works in a variety of modes of discourse .

W.5.8.2. Purposes and Audiences: Select the form of writing that addresses the intended audience.

W.5.8.3. Topics and Forms: Create expository, narrative, descriptive, and persuasive writings.

W.5.8.4. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a variety of techniques/devices, with emphasis on free verse.

W.5.8.5. Topics and Forms: Write research reports that include a thesis and use a variety of sources .

W.5.8.6. Topics and Forms: Write to reflect ideas/ interpretations of multicultural and universal themes and concepts.

W.5.8.7. Topics and Forms: Write with and without prompts for a sustained period of time.

W.5.8.8. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that demonstrate understanding or interpretation.

W.5.8.9. Topics and Forms: Write on demand with or without prompt within a given time frame .

W.5.8.10. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.8.1. Sentence Formation: Vary sentence structure by using simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences and different kinds of sentences: Declarative; Interrogative; Imperative; Exclamatory.

W.6.8.2. Sentence Formation: Write more effective sentences by using all compound elements and by embedding clauses and prepositional, appositive, and verbal phrases .

W.6.8.3. Sentence Formation: Use clauses and phrases, including verbal, to invert sentence order for emphasis and variety.

W.6.8.4. Sentence Formation: Correct fragments, run-ons, comma splices, and fused sentences.

W.6.8.5. Sentence Formation: Evaluate personal, peer, or literature-based sentence formation for effective use of the parts of speech: Precise nouns; Pronouns to avoid repetition; Verbs; Adjectives to modify nouns and pronouns; Adverbs to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs; Conjunctions; Interjections for excitement; Prepositions to indicate relationships.

W.6.8.6. Usage: Apply conventions of grammar with emphasis on the following: Subject-verb agreement; Parts of speech; Pronoun and antecedent agreement; Parts of a sentence and sentence patterns; Conjugation in regular, progressive, and emphatic verb forms; Verbals.

W.6.8.7. Spelling: Spell words correctly in all writing.

W.6.8.8. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing .

W.6.8.9. Punctuation: Apply conventional rules of punctuation in writing.

W.6.8.10. Punctuation: Edit own and peer papers with emphasis on All end marks: Commas; Dash; Hyphen; Quotation marks; Parentheses; Semicolons; Colons.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.8.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language purposefully, such as alliteration and assonance, to shape and control language to affect readers.

W.7.8.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence types and lengths (see Conventions Standard 6).

W.7.8.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use repetition for effect.

W.7.8.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use transition words/ phrases .

W.7.8.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use purposeful vocabulary with emphasis on developing tone.

W.7.8.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Create an effective lead and conclusion .

W.7.8.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use flashback/time transitions.

W.7.8.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use dialogue effectively .

W.7.8.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use anecdotes and quotes .

W.7.8.10. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use scoring guides or rubrics to improve all aspects of written projects.

W.7.8.11. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Self-evaluate writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.8.1. Prior Knowledge: Use previewing, activating prior knowledge, predicting content of text, formulating questions, and establishing purposes for reading.

R.9.8.2. Making Connections: Evaluate the interrelations of text and world issues/events by applying connection strategies.

R.9.8.3. Making Connections: Connect, compare, and contrast ideas, themes, and issues across texts.

R.9.8.4. Using questioning and monitoring: Defend questions formulated and purposes established for reading.

R.9.8.5. Using questioning and monitoring: Generate and define questions related to universal themes to interpret meaning.

R.9.8.6. Using questioning and monitoring: Monitor reading strategies, including rereading, using resources, and questions, and modify them when understanding breakdowns.

R.9.8.7. Using inferences and interpretations: Connect own background knowledge and personal experience to make inferences and to respond to new information presented in text.

R.9.8.8. Using inferences and interpretations: Infer a character's role in development of plot and theme.

R.9.8.9. Using inferences and interpretations: Infer mood and theme of text.

R.9.8.10. Using inferences and interpretations: Use literary elements and historical context to infer author's intent.

R.9.8.11. Using inferences and interpretations: Analyze the literary elements of plot, subplot, and climax, and explain the way in which conflicts are resolved or unresolved .

R.9.8.12. Using inferences and interpretations: Compare and contrast points of view, such as first person, limited, and omniscient third person, and explain the effect on the overall theme of a literary work.

R.9.8.13. Using inferences and interpretations: Distinguish among stated fact, reasoned judgment, and opinion in text.

R.9.8.14. Determining Importance: Classify and organize information from more than one text, based on purpose and/or level of importance.

R.9.8.15. Determining Importance: Identify main ideas and supporting evidence in short stories and novels.

R.9.8.16. Determining Importance: Use the text features to locate and recall information, with emphasis on text organizers .

R.9.8.17. Determining Importance: Determine text structure(s) to enhance understanding .

R.9.8.18. Determining Importance: Organize information, including simple outlining.

R.9.8.19. Determining Importance: Use skimming, scanning, note-taking, outlining, and questioning as study strategies.

R.9.8.20. Summarizing and Synthesizing: Synthesize information from multiple texts and provide evidence to support .

R.9.8.21. Evaluating: Evaluate conflicts, motivations, points of view, and changes that affect the plot or theme.

R.9.8.22. Evaluating: Evaluate personal, social, and political issues as presented in text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts for a variety of purposes.

R.10.8.1. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read for a substantial amount of time daily, including assigned and self-selected materials at independent and instructional levels.

R.10.8.2. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read texts that reflect contributions of different cultural groups.

R.10.8.3. Exhibits behaviors and habits of an active reader: Vary reading strategies according to text and purpose.

R.10.8.4. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Examine the author's credibility, use of text structure, word choice, and viewpoint to evaluate message .

R.10.8.5. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment, critical analysis, and evaluation: Use skimming, scanning, note taking, outlining, and questioning as study strategies.

R.10.8.6. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of literature, including essays and plays.

R.10.8.7. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate the credibility of the narrator.

R.10.8.8. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Identify the basic parts of drama.

R.10.8.9. Reading a variety of literature for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Describe how stage directions help the reader understand a play.

R.10.8.10. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read a variety of poetry, with emphasis on free verse .

R.10.8.11. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Interpret poetry, noting distinctive poetic devices .

R.10.8.12. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Read and utilize functional/practical texts, including manuals, memos, job applications, and career guides.

R.10.8.13. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment, critical analysis and evaluation: Analyze newspaper articles and editorials for bias and propaganda.

AR.11. Reading; Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.8.1. Word recognition: Automatically decode words to ensure focus on comprehension.

R.11.8.2. Word recognition: Continue to develop and maintain an adequate body of sight words.

R.11.8.3. Word recognition: Add content words to sight vocabulary.

R.11.8.4. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use knowledge of root words and affixes and word relationships to determine meaning.

R.11.8.5. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context to determine meaning of multiple meaning words.

R.11.8.6. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use resources to determine meaning of technical and specialized vocabulary.

R.11.8.7. Word Study and Vocabulary: Determine useful and relevant words.

R.11.8.8. Word Study and Vocabulary: Identify and explains similes, metaphors, personification, hyperboles and analogies to infer the literal and figurative meanings of phrases.

R.11.8.9. Word Study and Vocabulary: Identify how words from other cultures have been incorporated into English vocabulary usage.

R.11.8.10. Word Study and Vocabulary: Use context, structure, denotations and connotations to determine meaning of words and phrases.

R.11.8.11. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text with an approximate rate of 171 words per minute.

R.11.8.12. Reading with fluency: Read grade level text orally with accuracy and expression.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.8.1. Accessing information: Formulate original questions to explain and select a topic for research.

IR.12.8.2. Accessing information: Use appropriate reference features and text features to access information effectively .

IR.12.8.3. Accessing information: Use print and electronic sources independently to locate information.

IR.12.8.4. Accessing information: Gather information from more than one type of source (e.g., interviews, Internet, lab notes, etc.).

IR.12.8.5. Accessing information: Self-select credible sources appropriate to purpose and topic.

IR.12.8.6. Interpreting Information: Create visual graphics to interpret information .

IR.12.8.7. Interpreting Information: Use notes to narrow a topic to develop a thesis statement.

IR.12.8.8. Interpreting Information: Create a formal topic outline of thesis, main topics, sub-topics, and details .

IR.12.8.9. Interpreting Information: Use research to create one or more oral, written, or visual presentations /products.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.9.1. Speaking to share understanding and information: Adjust oral language to audience and appropriately apply the rules of standard English.

OV.1.9.2. Speaking to share understanding and information: Prepare and participate in structured discussions, such as panel discussions.

OV.1.9.3. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use appropriate visual aids in presentations.

OV.1.9.4. Speaking for literary response, expression and analysis: Participate in a variety of such speaking activities as scenes from a play, oral book reports, monologues, memorization of lines, character analysis, and literary reviews.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings.

OV.2.9.1. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Analyze how the conventions of English affect oral expressions.

OV.2.9.2. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Establish a purpose for listening and identify relevant information.

OV.2.9.3. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify barriers to listening and generate methods to overcome them.

OV.2.9.4. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate attentive, reflective, and critical listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.9.1. Analyzing media: Compare the advantages and disadvantages of various types of media.

OV.3.9.2. Analyzing media: Articulate personal response to such media as editorials, news stories, and advertisements.

OV.3.9.3. Evaluating media credibility: Identify and evaluate a media source for bias and point of view .

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write, using the writing process appropriately.

W.4.9.1. Prewriting: Generate, gather, and organize ideas for writing.

W.4.9.2. Prewriting: Plan and organize writing to address a specific audience and purpose with emphasis on narration.

W.4.9.3. Drafting: Communicate clearly the purpose of the writing.

W.4.9.4. Drafting: Write clear and varied sentences.

W.4.9.5. Drafting: Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately through word choice, vivid description, and selected information.

W.4.9.6. Drafting: Adapt content vocabulary, voice, and tone to audience, purpose, and situation.

W.4.9.7. Drafting: Arrange paragraphs into a logical progression with appropriate transition.

W.4.9.8. Revising: Revise content of writing for central idea, elaboration, unity, and organization.

W.4.9.9. Revising: Revise style of writing for selected vocabulary, selected information, sentence variety, tone and voice.

W.4.9.10. Revising: Revise sentence formation in writing for completeness, coordination, subordination, standard word order, and absence of fused sentences.

W.4.9.11. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions to edit for standard inflections, agreement, word meaning, and conventions.

W.4.9.12. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions for capitalization, punctuation, formatting, and spelling.

W.4.9.13. Publishing: Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for intended audiences and purposes.

W.4.9.14. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth and reflection in the progress of meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.9.15. Publishing: Use available technology for all aspects of the writing process.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms, and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.9.1. Purposes and Audiences: Adjust levels of formality, style, and tone when composing for different audiences.

W.5.9.2. Topics and Forms: Write biographies or autobiographies that: communicate the significance of the events and characters; specify scenes and incidents in specific places; describe using sensory details; pace time and mood; maintain consistency in point of view.

W.5.9.3. Topics and Forms: Write expository compositions, including analytical essays and research reports that: assemble and convey evidence in support of the thesis.

W.5.9.4. Topics and Forms: Write using rhetorical strategies with special emphasis on definition, narration, description, exemplification, and compare/contrast.

W.5.9.5. Topics and Forms: Write a variety of letters including letter of apology that: follow a conventional format; address the intended audience; provide clear, purposeful information.

W.5.9.6. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a range of poetic techniques, forms, and figurative language, emphasizing narrative poetry.

W.5.9.7. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that: articulate the significant ideas of literary works; support important ideas with evidence from text.

W.5.9.8. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.9.9. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.9.1. Sentence Formation: Use knowledge of types of clauses (main, subordinate).

W.6.9.2. Sentence Formation: Use parallel structures.

W.6.9.3. Sentence Formation: Use knowledge of types of verbals (gerunds, infinitives, participles).

W.6.9.4. Usage: Apply rules for the parts of a sentence, including subject/verb, direct/indirect object, predicate nominative/predicate adjective, objective complement, and pronoun case.

W.6.9.5. Usage: Distinguish between active and passive voice.

W.6.9.6. Usage: Maintain consistent verb tense within a writing product.

W.6.9.7. Usage: Select appropriate pronouns when writing.

W.6.9.8. Spelling: Apply conventional spelling to all pieces.

W.6.9.9. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.9.10. Punctuation: Use commas and semicolons to distinguish and divide main and subordinate clauses.

W.6.9.11. Punctuation: Use colons and dashes effectively in writing.

W.6.9.12. Punctuation: Use punctuation correctly and recognize its effect on sentence structure.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.9.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language effectively with emphasis on simile and personification .

W.7.9.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.

W.7.9.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Consider purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing assignments emphasizing narration .

W.7.9.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Demonstrate organization, unity, and coherence by using direct transitions and sequencing.

W.7.9.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use extension and elaboration to develop an idea emphasizing the use of appositives.

W.7.9.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use concrete information for elaboration.

W.7.9.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use precise word choices that convey specific meaning.

W.7.9.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Personalize writing to convey voice in formal and informal pieces.

W.7.9.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Evaluate own writing to determine the best features of a piece of writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.9.1. Literal and inferential understanding: Connect own background knowledge, including personal experience and perspectives shaped by age, gender, class, or national origin, to determine author's purpose.

R.9.9.2. Literal and inferential understanding: Identify specific ways an author accomplishes purpose, including organization, narrative and persuasive techniques, style, literary forms or genre, portrayal of themes, tone, and intended audiences.

R.9.9.3. Literal and inferential understanding: Differentiate among strategies to aid comprehension, including skimming, scanning, note taking, outlining, questioning, creating graphic organizers, and annotating.

R.9.9.4. Literal and inferential understanding: Recognize how works of a given period reflect author's background, historical events, and cultural influences.

R.9.9.5. Literal and inferential understanding: Draw inferences from a sentence or a paragraph (including conclusions, generalizations, and predictions) and support them with text evidence.

R.9.9.6. Literal and inferential understanding: Recognize the role of bias for both author and reader in the comprehension of a text.

R.9.9.7. Literal and inferential understanding: Recognize how signal/transition words and phrases denote shifts that contribute to the meaning of the text.

R.9.9.8. Summary and generalization: Summarize and paraphrase structures in informational and literary texts, including relationships among concepts and details.

R.9.9.9. Analysis and evaluation: Discriminate between fact/opinion and fiction/nonfiction.

R.9.9.10. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze the structure and format of informational and literary documents and explain how authors use the features to achieve their purposes.

R.9.9.11. Analysis and evaluation: Recognize and define various points of view (e.g., omniscient narrator, third-person limited).

R.9.9.12. Analysis and evaluation: Define fallacies and identify fallacies in a text.

R.9.9.13. Analysis and evaluation: Identify and discuss a position using concepts gained from reading. (e.g., debate, discussion, position paper, etc.).

R.9.9.14. Analysis and evaluation: Identify and categorize figures of speech and sound devices, including simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, oxymoron, and pun.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of Text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts.

R.10.9.1. Practical Texts: Read across the curriculum a variety of such practical texts as advertisements, warranties, manuals, handbooks, agendas, labels, warnings and directions .

R.10.9.2. Practical Texts: Evaluate clarity and accuracy of information in practical texts.

R.10.9.3. Poetry: Read a variety of narrative poetry, including ballad and epic.

R.10.9.4. Poetry: Define and identify poetic conventions and structures, including line, stanza, imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and sound devices.

R.10.9.5. Poetry: Identify the characteristics of narrative poetry.

R.10.9.6. Poetry: Read traditional and contemporary works of poets from many cultures.

R.10.9.7. Poetry: Identify the concept of persona.

R.10.9.8. Poetry: Identify techniques poets use to evoke emotion in a reader.

R.10.9.9. Poetry: Explain how word choice in a poem creates tone and voice.

R.10.9.10. Poetry: Paraphrase and interpret to find the meaning of selected poems, emphasizing the line.

R.10.9.11. Drama: Read a variety of dramatic selections, including an Elizabethan tragedy.

R.10.9.12. Drama: Identify the two basic parts of drama: staging and scripting .

R.10.9.13. Drama: Define and identify examples of dramatic conventions, including soliloquy, aside, monologue, dialogue, and character types .

R.10.9.14. Drama: Compare and contrast the elements of character, setting, and plot in drama.

R.10.9.15. Drama: Describe how stage directions help the reader understand the setting, mood, characters, plot, and theme.

R.10.9.16. Drama: Define and identify the elements of Elizabethan tragedy.

R.10.9.17. Literary and Content Prose: Read a variety of literary and content prose .

R.10.9.18. Literary and Content Prose: Recognize the influence of historical context on the form, style, and point of view of a written work.

R.10.9.19. Literary and Content Prose: Identify the characteristics that distinguish literary forms from different cultures .

R.10.9.20. Literary and Content Prose: Identify and define literary terms .

R.10.9.21. Literary and Content Prose: Explain the relationship between the author's style and literary effect.

R.10.9.22. Literary and Content Prose: Identify literary elements in a work.

R.10.9.23. Literary and Content Prose: Explain the use of verbal irony, dramatic irony, and situational irony.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.9.1. Word study and vocabulary: Expand vocabulary through reading, listening, and discussing.

R.11.9.2. Word study and vocabulary: Use roots, prefixes, and suffixes to define words.

R.11.9.3. Word study and vocabulary: Use reference materials including glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to determine precise meaning and usage of words.

R.11.9.4. Word study and vocabulary: Distinguish between connation and denotation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.9.1. Accessing information: Generate open-ended questions to select a topic.

IR.12.9.2. Accessing information: Establish a focus for research and design a research plan to answer a specific question.

IR.12.9.3. Accessing information: Determine the purpose of using different research tools to access multiple sources.

IR.12.9.4. Accessing information: Use a variety of electronic sources to access information.

IR.12.9.5. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Recognize ways to assess the credibility of authors and reliability of sources (e.g., author credentials, author biases, copyright dates, etc.).

IR.12.9.6. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Recognize ways to verify the accuracy and usefulness of information .

IR.12.9.7. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Distinguish between primary and secondary sources.

IR.12.9.8. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Define plagiarism and cite quoted sources to avoid plagiarism.

IR.12.9.9. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Differentiate among paraphrasing, summarizing and plagiarizing.

IR.12.9.10. Interpreting and presenting information: Organize information and use a style manual such as MLA or APA to create: Note cards; Formal outline; Works cited page or resource sheet; Thesis statement.

IR.12.9.11. Interpreting and presenting information: Summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.

IR.12.9.12. Interpreting and presenting information: Create research products such as: Oral presentation; Reports; Essays.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.10.1. Speaking to share understanding and information: Adjust oral language to audience and appropriately apply the rules of standard English .

OV.1.10.2. Speaking to share understanding and information: Prepare and participate in structured discussions, such as panel discussions.

OV.1.10.3. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use appropriate visual aids in presentations.

OV.1.10.4. Speaking for literary response, expression and analysis: Participate in a variety of such speaking activities as scenes from a play, oral book reports, monologues, memorization of lines, character analysis, literary reviews, and excerpts from famous speeches .

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings.

OV.2.10.1. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Interpret oral readings from literary and informational texts.

OV.2.10.2. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify barriers to listening and generate methods to overcome them.

OV.2.10.3. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Critique presentations.

OV.2.10.4. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate attentive, reflective, and critical listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.10.1. Analyzing media: Identify features and techniques used by specific media (print and electronic) to inform, such as infographics, sequencing, headlining, and placement.

OV.3.10.2. Analyzing media: Demonstrate an understanding of features and techniques used by media for specific effect.

OV.3.10.3. Evaluating media credibility: Identify and evaluate propaganda, disinformation, and censorship within a given medium.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write, using the writing process appropriately.

W.4.10.1. Prewriting: Apply appropriate prewriting strategies to address purpose and audience with emphasis on description.

W.4.10.2. Drafting: Communicate clearly the purpose of the writing.

W.4.10.3. Drafting: Write clear and varied sentences.

W.4.10.4. Drafting: Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately through word choice, vivid description, and selected information.

W.4.10.5. Drafting: Adapt content vocabulary, voice and tone to audience, purpose, and situation.

W.4.10.6. Drafting: Arrange paragraphs into a logical progression with appropriate transition.

W.4.10.7. Revising: Revise content of writing for central idea, elaboration, unity, and organization.

W.4.10.8. Revising: Revise style of writing for selected vocabulary, selected information, sentence variety, tone, and voice.

W.4.10.9. Revising: Revise sentence formation in writing for completeness, coordination, subordination, standard word order and absence of fused sentences.

W.4.10.10. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions to edit for standard inflections, agreement, word meaning, and conventions.

W.4.10.11. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions for capitalization, punctuation, formatting, and spelling.

W.4.10.12. Publishing: Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for intended audiences and purposes.

W.4.10.13. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth and reflection in the progress of meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.10.14. Publishing: Use available technology for all aspects of the writing process.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms, and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.10.1. Purposes and Audiences: Adjust levels of formality, style, and tone when composing for different audiences.

W.5.10.2. Topics and Forms: Write short stories that: communicate the significance of the events and characters; specify scenes and incidents in specific places; describe using sensory details; pace time and mood; maintain consistency in point of view.

W.5.10.3. Topics and Forms: Write expository compositions, including analytical essays, and research reports that: assemble and convey evidence in support of the thesis; make distinctions between the relative value and significance of data, facts, and ideas.

W.5.10.4. Topics and Forms: Write using rhetorical strategies with special emphasis on exemplification, process/analysis, compare/contrast, and argumentation/persuasion.

W.5.10.5. Topics and Forms: Write a variety of letters, including letters of complaint, that: follow a conventional format; address the intended audience; provide clear, purposeful information; use appropriate vocabulary, tone, and style .

W.5.10.6. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a range of poetic techniques, forms and figurative language, emphasizing lyric poetry.

W.5.10.7. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that: articulate the significant ideas of literary works; support important ideas and viewpoints with evidence from the text; demonstrate awareness of the author's use of stylistic devices.

W.5.10.8. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.10.9. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.10.1. Sentence Formation: Use verbals and verbal phrases to achieve sentence conciseness and variety .

W.6.10.2. Usage: Apply usage rules appropriately in all formal writing: Subject verb agreement; Pronoun agreement; Misplaced modifiers; Pronoun case; Objective complements.

W.6.10.3. Usage: Demonstrate appropriate use of active and passive voice .

W.6.10.4. Spelling: Apply conventional spelling to all pieces.

W.6.10.5. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.10.6. Punctuation: Apply the punctuation rules appropriately in writing.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.10.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language effectively with emphasis on metaphor and symbolism .

W.7.10.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.

W.7.10.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use such elements of discourse as purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing narrative, expository, or descriptive writing assignments .

W.7.10.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Demonstrate organization, unity, and coherence by using embedded transitions and sequencing.

W.7.10.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use extension and elaboration to develop an idea emphasizing the use of participial phrases.

W.7.10.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Distinguish between and use concrete and commentary information for elaboration.

W.7.10.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use precise word choices that convey specific meaning.

W.7.10.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Personalize writing to convey voice in formal and informal pieces.

W.7.10.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Evaluate own writing and others' writing to determine how writing achieves its purpose, ask for feedback, and respond to classmates' writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.10.1. Literal and inferential understanding: Connect own background knowledge, including personal experience and perspectives shaped by age, gender, or national origin, to examine author's purpose .

R.9.10.2. Literal and inferential understanding: Interpret specific ways an author accomplishes purpose, including organization, narrative and persuasive techniques, style, literary forms or genre, portrayal of themes, tone, and intended audience.

R.9.10.3. Literal and inferential understanding: Apply appropriate strategies to aid comprehension, including skimming, scanning, note taking, outlining, questioning, creating graphic organizers, and annotating.

R.9.10.4. Literal and inferential understanding: Research how works of a given period reflect author's background, historical events, and cultural influences.

R.9.10.5. Literal and inferential understanding: Draw inferences from a passage (including conclusions, generalizations, and predictions) and support them with text evidence.

R.9.10.6. Literal and inferential understanding: Identify bias in a variety of texts.

R.9.10.7. Summary and generalization: Summarize and paraphrase structures in informational and literary texts, including relationships among concepts and details.

R.9.10.8. Analysis and evaluation: Evaluate deceptive and/or faulty arguments in persuasive texts.

R.9.10.9. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze techniques used to convey point of view or impressions, including language, organization, tone, and context.

R.9.10.10. Analysis and evaluation: Examine author's purpose in choosing a point of view (e.g., humor, suspense, satire, etc.).

R.9.10.11. Analysis and evaluation: Examine fallacies to determine purpose.

R.9.10.12. Analysis and evaluation: Investigate and interpret a position using concepts gained from reading .

R.9.10.13. Analysis and evaluation: Identify and categorize figures of speech and sound devices, including extended metaphor, personification, hyperbole, understatement, oxymoron, paradox, and pun.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of Text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts.

R.10.10.1. Practical Texts: Read across the curriculum a variety of such practical texts as advertisements, warranties, manuals, job and career descriptions, and applications .

R.10.10.2. Practical Texts: Evaluate clarity and accuracy of information in practical texts.

R.10.10.3. Poetry: Read a variety of lyric poetry, including odes and sonnets.

R.10.10.4. Poetry: Recognize and discuss an author's use of poetic conventions and structures, including line, stanza, imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and sound devices.

R.10.10.5. Poetry: Identify the characteristics of lyric poetry.

R.10.10.6. Poetry: Compare and contrast traditional and contemporary works of poets from many cultures.

R.10.10.7. Poetry: Examine the author's possible use of persona.

R.10.10.8. Poetry: Compare and contrast techniques poets use to evoke emotion in a reader.

R.10.10.9. Poetry: Identify examples of words that contribute to tone and voice.

R.10.10.10. Poetry: Paraphrase and interpret to find the meaning of selected poems, emphasizing the stanza.

R.10.10.11. Drama: Read a variety of dramatic selections, including a classical tragedy.

R.10.10.12. Drama: Compare and contrast character development in a play to characterizations in other literary forms.

R.10.10.13. Drama: Read and discuss an author's use of dramatic conventions .

R.10.10.14. Drama: Identify the functions of dialogue, scene designs, soliloquies, asides, and character foils in dramatic literature.

R.10.10.15. Drama: Explain the use of asides, soliloquies, and monologues in the development of a single character.

R.10.10.16. Drama: Read and examine the elements of classical tragedy.

R.10.10.17. Drama: Define and identify the characteristics of a tragic hero.

R.10.10.18. Drama: Explain the relationship between the expressed purposes and the characteristics of different forms of dramatic literature.

R.10.10.19. Literary and Content Prose: Read a variety of literary and content prose .

R.10.10.20. Literary and Content Prose: Explain the influence of historical context on the form, style, and point of view of a written work.

R.10.10.21. Literary and Content Prose: Explain similarities and differences of techniques and literary forms represented in the literature of different cultures.

R.10.10.22. Literary and Content Prose: Use literary terms to discuss a work.

R.10.10.23. Literary and Content Prose: Recognize the impact of diction, imagery, style, and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme, using literary terminology.

R.10.10.24. Literary and Content Prose: Identify and explain literary elements in a work.

R.10.10.25. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the use of irony in a text.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.10.1. Word study and vocabulary: Expand vocabulary through reading, listening, and discussing.

R.11.10.2. Word study and vocabulary: Use Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes to determine meanings.

R.11.10.3. Word study and vocabulary: Use reference materials including glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to apply precise meaning and usage of words .

R.11.10.4. Word study and vocabulary: Recognize the connotative power of words.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.10.1. Accessing information: Generate open-ended questions to explore and select a topic.

IR.12.10.2. Accessing information: Establish a focus for research and design a research plan to answer a set of questions.

IR.12.10.3. Accessing information: Utilize a variety of research tools to access multiple sources.

IR.12.10.4. Accessing information: Use key words to search a database to find specific information.

IR.12.10.5. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Determine the credibility of authors and reliability of sources (e.g., author credentials, author biases, copyright dates, etc.).

IR.12.10.6. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Use criteria to compare ways to verify the accuracy and usefulness of information.

IR.12.10.7. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Skim sources to evaluate their usefulness and accuracy .

IR.12.10.8. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Apply research skills to collect a variety of primary and/or secondary sources.

IR.12.10.9. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Paraphrase and/or summarize information to avoid plagiarism.

IR.12.10.10. Interpreting and presenting information: Organize information and use a style manual such as MLA or APA to create: Note cards; Formal outline; Works cited page or resource sheet; Thesis statement; Parenthetical citations within text.

IR.12.10.11. Interpreting and presenting information: Summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.

IR.12.10.12. Interpreting and presenting information: Create research products such as: Oral presentation; Reports; Essays.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.11.1. Speaking to share understanding and information: Prepare and participate in structured discussions, such as Socratic discussions.

OV.1.11.2. Speaking to share understanding and information: Present a formal multi-media presentation.

OV.1.11.3. Speaking for literary response, expression and analysis: Participate in a variety of such speaking activities as scenes from a play, monologues, memorization of lines, character analysis, literary reviews, excerpts from famous speeches, and comparison of genre across eras.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings.

OV.2.11.1. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate critical, empathetic, and reflective listening to interpret, respond to, and evaluate speakers' messages .

OV.2.11.2. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify organizational patterns appropriate to diverse situations, such as interviews, debates, and conversations.

OV.2.11.3. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify barriers to listening and generate methods to overcome them.

OV.2.11.4. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Critique the clarity, accuracy, relevance, organization of evidence, and effectiveness of delivery of a presentation.

OV.2.11.5. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate attentive, reflective, and critical listening skills to respond to, interpret, and evaluate speaker's message.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.11.1. Analyzing media: Describe the possible cause-effect relationships between mass media coverage and public opinion trends.

OV.3.11.2. Evaluating media credibility: Use appropriate criteria to evaluate media with emphasis on prejudice, censorship, and disinformation.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write, using the writing process appropriately.

W.4.11.1. Prewriting: Apply appropriate prewriting strategies to address purpose and audience with emphasis on exposition.

W.4.11.2. Drafting: Communicate clearly the purpose of the writing.

W.4.11.3. Drafting: Write clear and varied sentences.

W.4.11.4. Drafting: Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately through word choice, vivid description, and selected information.

W.4.11.5. Drafting: Adapt content vocabulary, voice, and tone to audience, purpose, and situation.

W.4.11.6. Drafting: Arrange paragraphs into a logical progression with appropriate transition.

W.4.11.7. Revising: Revise content of writing for central idea, elaboration, unity, and organization.

W.4.11.8. Revising: Revise style of writing for selected vocabulary, selected information, sentence variety, tone, and voice.

W.4.11.9. Revising: Revise sentence formation in writing for completeness, coordination, subordination, standard word order, and absence of fused sentences.

W.4.11.10. Revising: Evaluate how well questions of purpose, audience, and genre have been addressed.

W.4.11.11. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions to edit for standard inflections, agreement, word meaning, and conventions.

W.4.11.12. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions for capitalization, punctuation, formatting, and spelling.

W.4.11.13. Publishing: Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for intended audiences and purposes.

W.4.11.14. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth and reflection in the progress of meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.11.15. Publishing: Use available technology for all aspects of the writing process.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms, and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.11.1. Purposes and Audiences: Use effective rhetorical techniques and demonstrate understanding of purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing expressive, persuasive, or literary writing assignments.

W.5.11.2. Topics and Forms: Write expository compositions, including analytical essays and research reports that: assemble and convey evidence in support of the thesis; make distinctions between the relative value and significance of data, facts, and ideas; employ visual aids when appropriate.

W.5.11.3. Topics and Forms: Write using rhetorical strategies with special emphasis on compare/contrast, argumentation/persuasion, cause/effect, and classification.

W.5.11.4. Topics and Forms: Write persuasive compositions that: structure ideas and arguments; clarify and defend positions with precise and relevant evidence; use specific rhetorical devices to support assertions; address readers' concerns, counterclaims, biases, and expectations.

W.5.11.5. Topics and Forms: Write a variety of letters, including letters for employment and letters of request, that: follow a conventional format; address the intended audience; provide clear, purposeful information; use appropriate vocabulary, tone, and style.

W.5.11.6. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a range of poetic techniques, forms and figurative language, emphasizing free verse poetry.

W.5.11.7. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that: articulate the significant ideas of literary works; support important ideas and viewpoints; analyze the author's use of stylistic devices; determine the impact of ambiguities, nuances, and complexities using evidence from the text.

W.5.11.8. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.11.9. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.11.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths for effect in writing.

W.6.11.2. Usage: Apply usage rules appropriately in all formal writing: Subject verb agreement; Pronoun agreement; Misplaced modifiers; Active and passive voice; Indicative and subjunctive mood.

W.6.11.3. Spelling: Apply conventional spelling to all pieces.

W.6.11.4. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.11.5. Punctuation: Apply the punctuation rules appropriately in writing.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.11.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language effectively with emphasis on extended metaphor and symbolism.

W.7.11.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.

W.7.11.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply such elements of discourse as purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing narrative, expository, persuasive, or descriptive writing assignments .

W.7.11.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Demonstrate organization, unity, and coherence by using implied transitions and sequencing.

W.7.11.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use extension and multi-level elaboration to develop an idea emphasizing dependent clauses.

W.7.11.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Combine concrete and commentary information for elaboration.

W.7.11.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use precise word choices that convey specific meaning.

W.7.11.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Personalize writing to convey voice in formal and informal pieces.

W.7.11.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use point of view, characterization, style, and related elements for specific rhetorical (communication) and aesthetic (artistic) purposes.

W.7.11.10. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Evaluate own writing and others' writing to highlight the individual voice, improve sentence variety and style, and enhance subtlety of meaning of tone in ways that are consistent with the purpose, audience, and form of writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.11.1. Literal and inferential understanding: Connect own background knowledge to recognize and analyze personal biases brought to a text .

R.9.11.2. Literal and inferential understanding: Analyze style and diction to determine author's purpose.

R.9.11.3. Literal and inferential understanding: Develop and use appropriate strategies to support active reading and engagement.

R.9.11.4. Literal and inferential understanding: Analyze how works of a given period reflect author's background, historical events, and cultural influences.

R.9.11.5. Literal and inferential understanding: Draw inferences from a complete selection (including conclusions, generalizations, and predictions) and support them with text evidence.

R.9.11.6. Summary and generalization: Summarize and paraphrase complex structures in informational and literary texts, including relationships among concepts and details.

R.9.11.7. Analysis and evaluation: Compare and contrast aspects of texts, including themes, conflicts, and allusions, both within and across texts.

R.9.11.8. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze point of view and its influence on elements of the text (e.g., tone, theme, and purpose).

R.9.11.9. Analysis and evaluation: Challenge or defend author's use of fallacies.

R.9.11.10. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze and defend a position using concepts gained from reading.

R.9.11.11. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze and compare the author's use of figures of speech and sound devices.

R.9.11.12. Analysis and evaluation: Examine the way in which clarity of meaning is affected by the patterns of organization, repetition of the main ideas, organization of language, and word choice in the text.

R.9.11.13. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze authors' use archetypes (universal modes or patterns) drawn from myth and tradition in literature, film, political speeches, and religious writings.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of Text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts.

R.10.11.1. Practical Texts: Read across the curriculum a variety of such practical texts as advertisements, warranties, manuals, job and career descriptions, applications, college catalogs and financial documents.

R.10.11.2. Practical Texts: Evaluate clarity and accuracy of information in practical texts.

R.10.11.3. Poetry: Read a variety of poetry, including free verse.

R.10.11.4. Poetry: Analyze an author's use of poetic conventions and structures including line, stanza, imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and sound devices.

R.10.11.5. Poetry: Analyze and compare characteristics of free verse.

R.10.11.6. Poetry: Analyze traditional and contemporary works of poets from many cultures.

R.10.11.7. Poetry: Analyze the author's possible use of persona.

R.10.11.8. Poetry: Analyze techniques poets use to evoke emotion in a reader.

R.10.11.9. Poetry: Analyze word choice, tone, and voice.

R.10.11.10. Poetry: Paraphrase and interpret to find the meaning of selected poems, emphasizing the complete selection.

R.10.11.11. Drama: Read a variety of dramatic selections, including modern drama.

R.10.11.12. Drama: Compare drama to stage, film, or television adaptations.

R.10.11.13. Drama: Describe the dramatic conventions or devices used by playwrights to present ideas.

R.10.11.14. Drama: Analyze an author's use of dramatic conventions.

R.10.11.15. Drama: Compare and contrast the effects of dramatic elements of plays from various cultures.

R.10.11.16. Drama: Recognize and examine the elements of modern drama.

R.10.11.17. Drama: Compare and contrast the hero of a modern drama to the tragic hero.

R.10.11.18. Literary and Content Prose: Reads a variety of literary and content prose .

R.10.11.19. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the influence of historical context on the form, style, and point of view of a written work.

R.10.11.20. Literary and Content Prose: Describe literary contributions of various cultures.

R.10.11.21. Literary and Content Prose: Use literary terms to critique a work.

R.10.11.22. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the impact of diction, imagery, style, and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme using literary terminology.

R.10.11.23. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the prominence of a literary elements in a work.

R.10.11.24. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the impact of irony on a text.

R.10.11.25. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze several of an author's works that deal with a single issue.

R.10.11.26. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate the credibility of an author's argument or defense.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.11.1. Word study and vocabulary: Recognize and apply specialized vocabulary.

R.11.11.2. Word study and vocabulary: Analyze roots and word parts to draw inferences about meaning .

R.11.11.3. Word study and vocabulary: Use reference materials including glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to determine precise meaning and uses of words .

R.11.11.4. Word study and vocabulary: Analyze the connotative power of words.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.11.1. Accessing information: Formulate original, open-ended questions to explore, narrow, and select a topic.

IR.12.11.2. Accessing information: Establish a focus for research and design a research plan to answer a specific question or defend a position.

IR.12.11.3. Accessing information: Access multiple sources, using a variety of research tools, with increasing proficiency.

IR.12.11.4. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Compare the credibility of authors and reliability of sources.

IR.12.11.5. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Analyze ways to verify the accuracy and usefulness of information .

IR.12.11.6. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Skim sources to evaluate their usefulness and accuracy.

IR.12.11.7. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Compile and organize information from a variety of relevant primary and secondary sources.

IR.12.11.8. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Interpret the meaning and consequences of plagiarism.

IR.12.11.9. Interpreting and presenting information: Organize information and use a style manual such as MLA or APA to create: Note cards or other note taking forms; Formal outline; Works cited page or resource sheet; Thesis statement; Parenthetical citations within text; Title page or style heading.

IR.12.11.10. Interpreting and presenting information: Summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.

IR.12.11.11. Interpreting and presenting information: Create a formal research paper.

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.12.1. Speaking to share understanding and information: Prepare and participate in such structured discussions as mock trials and other discussions or presentations outside the classroom.

OV.1.12.2. Speaking to share understanding and information: Present a formal multi-media presentation.

OV.1.12.3. Speaking for literary response, expression and analysis: Participate in a variety of such speaking activities as scenes from a play, monologues, memorization of lines, character analysis, literary reviews, excerpts from famous speeches, and comparison of genre across eras.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings.

OV.2.12.1. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate critical, empathetic, and reflective listening to interpret, respond to, and evaluate speakers' messages.

OV.2.12.2. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify organizational patterns appropriate to diverse situations, such as interviews, debates, and conversations.

OV.2.12.3. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify barriers to listening and generate methods to overcome them .

OV.2.12.4. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Critique the clarity, accuracy, relevance, organization of evidence, and effectiveness of delivery of a presentation.

OV.2.12.5. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Critique relationships among purpose, audience, and content of presentations.

OV.2.12.6. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate attentive, reflective, critical, and empathetic listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.12.1. Analyzing media: Analyze techniques used in political and product ads.

OV.3.12.2. Evaluating media credibility: Use appropriate criteria to evaluate the impact of media on public opinion, trends, and beliefs.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write, using the writing process appropriately.

W.4.12.1. Prewriting: Apply appropriate prewriting strategies to address purpose and audience with emphasis on persuasion.

W.4.12.2. Drafting: Communicate clearly the purpose of the writing.

W.4.12.3. Drafting: Write clear and varied sentences.

W.4.12.4. Drafting: Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately through word choice, vivid description, and selected information.

W.4.12.5. Drafting: Adapt content vocabulary, voice, and tone to audience, purpose, and situation.

W.4.12.6. Drafting: Arrange paragraphs into a logical progression with appropriate transition.

W.4.12.7. Revising: Revise content of writing for central idea, elaboration, unity, and organization.

W.4.12.8. Revising: Revise style of writing for selected vocabulary, selected information, sentence variety, tone, and voice.

W.4.12.9. Revising: Revise sentence formation in writing for completeness, coordination, subordination, standard word order, and absence of fused sentences.

W.4.12.10. Revising: Evaluate how well questions of purpose, audience, and genre have been addressed.

W.4.12.11. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions to edit for standard inflections, agreement, word meaning, and conventions.

W.4.12.12. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions for capitalization, punctuation, formatting, and spelling.

W.4.12.13. Publishing: Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for intended audiences and purposes.

W.4.12.14. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth and reflection in the progress of meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.12.15. Publishing: Use available technology for all aspects of the writing process.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms, and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.12.1. Purposes and Audiences: Use elements of discourse effectively when completing narrative, expository, persuasive, or descriptive writing assignments.

W.5.12.2. Topics and Forms: Write expository compositions, including analytical essays and research reports, that: assemble and convey evidence in support of the thesis; make distinctions between the relative value and significance of data, facts and ideas; employ visual aids when appropriate.

W.5.12.3. Topics and Forms: Write using rhetorical strategies with special emphasis on compare/contrast, argumentation/persuasion, cause/effect, and classification.

W.5.12.4. Topics and Forms: Write persuasive compositions that: structure ideas and arguments; clarify and defend positions with precise and relevant evidence; use specific rhetorical devices to support assertions; address readers' concerns, counterclaims, biases, and expectations.

W.5.12.5. Topics and Forms: Write a variety of letters, including cover letters and letters of recommendation, that: follow a conventional format; address the intended audience; provide clear, purposeful information; use appropriate vocabulary, tone, and style.

W.5.12.6. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a range of poetic techniques, forms and figurative language, emphasizing sonnets.

W.5.12.7. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that: articulate the significant ideas of literary works; support important ideas and viewpoints; analyze and evaluate the author's use of stylistic devices; evaluate the impact of ambiguities, nuances, and complexities using evidence from the text.

W.5.12.8. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.12.9. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.12.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths for effect in writing.

W.6.12.2. Usage: Apply usage rules appropriately in all formal writing.

W.6.12.3. Spelling: Apply conventional spelling to all pieces.

W.6.12.4. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.12.5. Punctuation: Apply the punctuation rules appropriately in writing.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.12.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language effectively with emphasis on extended metaphor .

W.7.12.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.

W.7.12.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply such elements of discourse as purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing narrative, expository, persuasive, or descriptive writing assignments .

W.7.12.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Demonstrate organization, unity, and coherence by using implied transitions and sequencing .

W.7.12.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use extension and multi-level elaboration to develop an idea emphasizing models from professional writing.

W.7.12.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Balance concrete and commentary information within a piece.

W.7.12.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use precise word choices that convey specific meaning.

W.7.12.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Personalize writing to convey voice in formal and informal pieces .

W.7.12.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use point of view, characterization, style, and related elements for specific rhetorical (communication) and aesthetic (artistic) purposes .

W.7.12.10. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Structure ideas and arguments in a sustained and persuasive way and support them with precise and relevant examples.

W.7.12.11. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Critique professional and peer writing for consistency of style.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.12.1. Literal and inferential understanding: Connect own background knowledge to recognize and analyze personal biases brought to a text with an emphasis on gender and national origin .

R.9.12.2. Literal and inferential understanding: Challenge or defend use of writer's diction and style.

R.9.12.3. Literal and inferential understanding: Evaluate and select individualized strategies to support active reading and engagement.

R.9.12.4. Literal and inferential understanding: Analyze and evaluate how works of a given period reflect author's background, historical events, and cultural influences.

R.9.12.5. Literal and inferential understanding: Draw inferences from multiple selections and author's (including conclusions, generalizations, and predictions) and support them with text evidence .

R.9.12.6. Literal and inferential understanding: Suspend personal biases in approaching texts.

R.9.12.7. Summary and generalization: Summarize and paraphrase complex structures in informational and literary texts, including relationships among concepts and details.

R.9.12.8. Analysis and evaluation: Investigate both the features and the rhetorical devices of different policy statements, speeches, debates, or other public documents and the ways in which authors use those features and devices.

R.9.12.9. Analysis and evaluation: Evaluate the effect of point of view on elements of text (e.g., tone, theme, and purpose, etc.).

R.9.12.10. Analysis and evaluation: Challenge or defend author's use of fallacies .

R.9.12.11. Analysis and evaluation: Defend and justify a position using concepts gained from reading.

R.9.12.12. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze and evaluate the effects of rhetorical devices.

R.9.12.13. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze and evaluate the author's use of tone, diction, and syntax such as anaphora and inversion .

R.9.12.14. Analysis and evaluation: Evaluate the credibility of information sources, including how the writer's motivation affects that credibility.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of Text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts.

R.10.12.1. Practical Texts: Read across the curriculum a variety of such practical texts as advertisements, warranties, manuals, job and career descriptions, applications, college catalogs, financial documents, and contracts.

R.10.12.2. Practical Texts: Evaluate clarity and accuracy of information in practical texts.

R.10.12.3. Poetry: Read a variety of poetry, including free and formal verse and narrative and lyric poetry .

R.10.12.4. Poetry: Evaluate the effectiveness of an author's use of poetic conventions and structures, including line, stanza, imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and sound devices.

R.10.12.5. Poetry: Analyze and compare characteristics of formal verse, including sonnets, sestinas, and villanelles.

R.10.12.6. Poetry: Evaluate traditional and contemporary works of poets from many cultures.

R.10.12.7. Poetry: Evaluate the effectiveness of the author's use of persona.

R.10.12.8. Poetry: Evaluate techniques poets use to evoke emotion in a reader.

R.10.12.9. Poetry: Evaluate the effectiveness of word choice, tone, and voice.

R.10.12.10. Poetry: Paraphrase and interpret to find the meaning of selected poems, emphasizing multiple selections and authors.

R.10.12.11. Drama: Read and critique dramatic selections from a variety of authors.

R.10.12.12. Drama: Evaluate stage, film, or television adaptations and interpretations of a drama .

R.10.12.13. Drama: Evaluate the effectiveness of an author's use of dramatic conventions .

R.10.12.14. Drama: Analyze and evaluate the most effective elements of selected plays.

R.10.12.15. Drama: Compare and contrast ways in which character, scene, dialogue, and staging contribute to the theme and the dramatic effect.

R.10.12.16. Drama: Compare and contrast tragic heroes from various literary eras.

R.10.12.17. Literary and Content Prose: Read a variety of literary and content prose .

R.10.12.18. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate the influence of historical context on the form, style, and point of view of a written work.

R.10.12.19. Literary and Content Prose: Compare and contrast the literary contributions of various cultures.

R.10.12.20. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate an author's use of literary devices.

R.10.12.21. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate the impact of diction, imagery, style, and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme using literary terminology.

R.10.12.22. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate the significance of literary elements in a work.

R.10.12.23. Literary and Content Prose: Evaluate the impact of irony on text.

R.10.12.24. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze several of an author's works that deal with a single issue.

R.10.12.25. Evaluate the credibility of an author's argument or defense.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.12.1. Word study and vocabulary: Recognize and apply specialized vocabulary.

R.11.12.2. Word study and vocabulary: Analyze Greek, Latin, Anglo-Saxon and meaning and draw inferences .

R.11.12.3. Word study and vocabulary: Use reference materials including glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to facilitate and extend learning .

R.11.12.4. Word study and vocabulary: Interpret the connotative power of words.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.12.1. Accessing information: Formulate original, open-ended questions to explore, narrow, and select a topic .

IR.12.12.2. Accessing information: Establish a focus for research and design a research plan to defend a position or prove/disprove a hypothesis.

IR.12.12.3. Accessing information: Access multiple sources using a variety of research tools with increasing proficiency.

IR.12.12.4. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Evaluate the credibility of authors and reliability of sources.

IR.12.12.5. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Evaluate ways to verify the accuracy and usefulness of information.

IR.12.12.6. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Synthesize information from multiple primary and secondary sources.

IR.12.12.7. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Demonstrate awareness of plagiarism laws while editing written work and avoid plagiarism.

IR.12.12.8. Interpreting and presenting information: Organize information and use a style manual such as MLA or APA to create: Note cards or other note taking forms; Formal outline; Works cited page or resource sheet; Thesis statement; Parenthetical citations within text; Title page or style heading.

IR.12.12.9. Interpreting and presenting information: Summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.

IR.12.12.10. Interpreting and presenting information: Create a formal research paper.