Alabama State Standards for Social Studies: Grade 9

AL.1. World History: 1500 to the Present: At the ninth-grade level, students continue the study of world history from 1500 to the present. Critical thinking and analysis are important in this course. Through historical inquiry, students gain an understanding and appreciation of history as a story of people much like themselves and become increasingly able to understand global interdependence and connections among world societies.

1.1. History: Describe developments in Italy and Northern Europe during the Renaissance period with respect to humanism, arts and literature, intellectual development, increased trade, and advances in technology.

1.2. Economics/Geography/History/Political Science: Describe the role of mercantilism and imperialism in European exploration and colonization in the sixteenth century, including the Columbian Exchange.

1.2.1. Describing the impact of the Commercial Revolution on European society.

1.2.2. Identifying major ocean currents, wind patterns, landforms, and climates affecting European exploration.

1.3. History: Explain causes of the Reformation and its impact, including tensions between religious and secular authorities, reformers and doctrines, the Counter-Reformation, the English Reformation, and wars of religion.

1.4. Economics/Geography/History: Explain the relationship between physical geography and cultural development in India, Africa, Japan, and China in the early Global Age, including trade and travel, natural resources, and movement and isolation of peoples and ideas.

1.4.1. Depicting the general location of, size of, and distance between regions in the early Global Age.

1.5. History/Political Science: Describe the rise of absolutism and constitutionalism and their impact on European nations.

1.5.1. Contrasting the philosophies of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke and the belief in the divine right of kings.

1.5.2. Comparing absolutism as it developed in France, Russia, and Prussia, including the reigns of Louis XIV, Peter the Great, and Frederick the Great.

1.5.3 Identifying major provisions of the Petition of Rights and the English Bill of Rights.

1.6. History: Identify significant ideas and achievements of scientists and philosophers of the Scientific Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment.

1.7. Geography/History/Political Science: Describe the impact of the French Revolution on Europe, including political evolution, social evolution, and diffusion of nationalism and liberalism.

1.7.1. Identifying causes of the French Revolution.

1.7.2. Describing the influence of the American Revolution upon the French Revolution.

1.7.3. Identifying the objectives of different groups participating in the French Revolution.

1.7.4. Describing the role of Napoleon as an empire builder.

1.8. Geography/History/Political Science: Compare revolutions in Latin America and the Caribbean, including Haiti, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Chile, and Mexico.

1.8.1. Identifying the location of countries in Latin America.

1.9. Economics/History/Political Science: Describe the impact of technological inventions, conditions of labor, and the economic theories of capitalism, liberalism, socialism, and Marxism during the Industrial Revolution on the economics, society, and politics of Europe.

1.9.1. Identifying important inventors in Europe during the Industrial Revolution.

1.9.2. Comparing the Industrial Revolution in England with later revolutions in Europe.

1.10. Geography/History/Political Science: Describe the influence of urbanization during the nineteenth century on the Western World.

1.10.1. Describing the search for political democracy and social justice in the Western World.

1.11. Economics/History/Political Science: Describe the impact of European nationalism and Western imperialism as forces of global transformation, including the unification of Italy and Germany, the rise of Japan's power in East Asia, the economic roots of imperialism, imperialist ideology, colonialism and national rivalries, and United States imperialism.

1.11.1. Describing resistance to European imperialism in Africa, Japan, and China.

1.12. Geography/History/Political Science: Explain the causes, including imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and the alliance system, and the consequences of World War I.

1.12.1. Describing the rise of Communism in Russia during World War I.

1.12.2. Describing military technology used during World War I.

1.12.3. Identifying problems created by the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.

1.12.4. Identifying alliances during World War I and boundary changes after World War I.

1.13. Economics/History/Political Science: Explain challenges of the post-World War I period.

1.13.1. Identifying causes of the Great Depression

1.13.2. Characterizing the global impact of the Great Depression

1.14. Geography/History/Political Science: Describe the causes and consequences of World War II.

1.14.1. Explaining the rise of militarist and totalitarian states in Italy, Germany, the Soviet Union, and Japan.

1.14.2. Identifying turning points of World War II in the European and Pacific Theaters.

1.14.3. Depicting geographic locations of world events between 1939 and 1945.

1.14.4. Identifying on a map changes in national borders as a result of World War II.

1.15. History/Political Science: Describe post-World War II realignment and reconstruction in Europe, Asia, and Latin America, including the end of colonial empires.

1.15.1. Explaining the origins of the Cold War.

1.15.2. Tracing the progression of the Cold War.

1.16. Economics/Geography/History/Political Science: Describe the role of nationalism, militarism, and civil war in today's world, including the use of terrorism and modern weapons at the close of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries.

1.16.1. Describing the collapse of the Soviet Empire and Russia's struggle for democracy, free markets, and economic recovery and the roles of Mikhail Gorbachev, Ronald Reagan, and Boris Yeltsin.

1.16.2. Describing the effects of internal conflict, nationalism, and enmity in South Africa, Northern Ireland, Chile, the Middle East, Somalia and Rwanda, Cambodia, and the Balkans.

1.16.3. Characterizing the War on Terrorism, including the significance of the Iran Hostage Crisis; the Gulf Wars; the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

1.16.4. Depicting geographic locations of major world events from 1945 to the present.

1.17. Economics/History/Political Science: Describe emerging democracies from the late twentieth century to the present.

1.17.1. Discussing the problems and opportunities involved with science, technology, and the environment in the late twentieth century.

1.17.2. Identifying problems involving civil liberties and human rights from 1945 to the present and ways they have been addressed.

1.17.3. Relating economic changes to social changes in countries adopting democratic forms of government.