Pennsylvania State Standards for Social Studies: Kindergarten

PA.5.1.3. Civics and Government: Principles and Documents of Government: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

5.1.3.A. Describe what government is. 4
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.A.

5.1.3.B. Explain the purposes of rules and laws and why they are important in the classroom, school, community, state and nation. 10
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.B.

5.1.3.C. Define the principles and ideals shaping government. (Justice, Truth, Diversity of people and ideas, Patriotism, Common good, Liberty, Rule of law, Leadership, Citizenship) 35
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.C.

5.1.3.D. Identify the document which created Pennsylvania. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.D.

5.1.3.E. Identify documents of United States government. (Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, Bill of Rights) 3
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.E.

5.1.3.F. Explain the meaning of a preamble. (Constitution of the United States, Pennsylvania Constitution) 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.F.

5.1.3.G. Describe the purpose of the United States Flag, The Pledge of Allegiance and The National Anthem. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.G.

5.1.3.H. Identify framers of documents of governments. (Pennsylvania, United States) 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.H.

5.1.3.I. Explain why government is necessary in the classroom, school, community, state and nation and the basic purposes of government in Pennsylvania and the United States. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.I.

5.1.3.J Explain the importance of respect for the property and the opinions of others. 16
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.J

5.1.3.K. Identify symbols and political holidays. (Pennsylvania (e.g., Charter Day, Liberty Bell, Keystone State), United States (e.g., Presidents' Day, Statue of Liberty, White House)) 23
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.K.

5.1.3.L. Identify ways courts resolve conflicts involving principles and ideals of government. 3
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.L.

5.1.3.M. Identify portions of famous speeches and writings that reflect the basic principles and ideals of government (e.g., 'I have a dream,' Reverend Martin Luther King; 'One small step for mankind,' Neil Armstrong). 19
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.M.

PA.5.2.3. Civics and Government: Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

5.2.3.A. Identify examples of the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. (Personal rights, Political rights, Economic rights, Personal responsibilities, Civic responsibilities) 13
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.A.

5.2.3.B. Identify personal rights and responsibilities. 13
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.B.

5.2.3.C. Identify sources of conflict and disagreement and different ways conflicts can be resolved. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.C.

5.2.3.D. Identify the importance of political leadership and public service in the school, community, state and nation. 10
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.D.

5.2.3.E. Describe ways citizens can influence the decisions and actions of government. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.E.

5.2.3.F. Explain the benefits of following rules and laws and the consequences of violating them. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.F.

5.2.3.G. Identify ways to participate in government and civic life. 19
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.2.3.G.

PA.5.3.3. Civics and Government: How Government Works: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

5.3.3.A. Identify the elected representative bodies responsible for making local, Pennsylvania and United States laws. (Identify the role of the three branches of government: Executive, Legislative, Judicial) 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.A.

5.3.3.C. Identify reasons for rules and laws in the school and community. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.C.

5.3.3.D. Identify services performed by the local, state and national governments. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.D.

5.3.3.E. Identify positions of authority at school and in local, state and national governments. 10
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.E.

5.3.3.F. Explain what an election is. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.F.

5.3.3.G. Explain why being treated fairly is important. 10
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.G.

5.3.3.H. Identify individual interests and explain ways to influence others. 21
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.H.

5.3.3.I. Explain why taxes are necessary and identify who pays them. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.I.

5.3.3.J. Identify the role of the media in society. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.J.

5.3.3.K. Identify different ways people govern themselves. 6
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.K.

PA.5.4.3. Civics and Government: How International Relationships Function: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

5.4.3.A. Identify how customs and traditions influence governments. 31
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.4.3.A.

5.4.3.B. Recognize that the world is divided into various political units. 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.4.3.B.

5.4.3.C. Identify ways in which countries interact with the United States. 35
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.4.3.C.

5.4.3.D. Identify treaties and other agreements between or among nations. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.4.3.D.

5.4.3.E. Identify how nations work together to solve problems. 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 5.4.3.E.

PA.6.1.3. Economics: Economic Systems: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

6.1.3.A. Describe how individuals, families and communities with limited resources make choices. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.1.3.A.

6.1.3.B. Describe alternative methods of allocating goods and services and advantages and disadvantages of each. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.1.3.B.

6.1.3.C. Identify local economic activities. (Employment, Output) 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.1.3.C.

6.1.3.D. Identify examples of local businesses opening, closing, expanding or contracting. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.1.3.D.

PA.6.2.3. Economics: Markets and the Functions of Governments: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

6.2.3.A. Define and identify goods, services, consumers and producers. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.A.

6.2.3.B. Identify ways local businesses compete to get consumers. 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.B.

6.2.3.C. Identify and compare means of payment. (Barter, Money) 25
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.C.

6.2.3.D. Identify groups of competing producers in the local area. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.D.

6.2.3.E. Identify who supplies a product and who demands a product. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.E.

6.2.3.F. Define price and identify the prices of different items. 25
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.F.

6.2.3.G. Define what a tax is and identify a tax paid by most families. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.G.

6.2.3.H. Identify government involvement in local economic activities. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.H.

6.2.3.I. Identify goods and services produced by the government (e.g., postal service, food inspection). 13
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.I.

6.2.3.J. Explain the relationship between taxation and government services. 3
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.J.

6.2.3.K. Identify forms of advertising designed to influence personal choice. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.K.

6.2.3.L. Explain why most countries create their own form of money. 18
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.2.3.L.

PA.6.3.3. Economics: Scarcity and Choice: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

6.3.3.A. Define scarcity and identify limited resources. 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.A.

6.3.3.B. Identify and define wants of different people. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.B.

6.3.3.C. Identify and define natural, human and capital resources. 42
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.C.

6.3.3.D. Identify costs and benefits associated with an economic decision. 23
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.D.

6.3.3.E. Explain what is given up when making a choice. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.E.

6.3.3.F. Explain how self-interest influences choice. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.3.3.F.

PA.6.4.3. Economics: Economic Interdependence: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

6.4.3.A. Define specialization and the concept of division of labor. 26
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.A.

6.4.3.B. Explain why people trade. 21
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.B.

6.4.3.C. Explain why goods, services and resources come from all over the nation and the world. 12
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.C.

6.4.3.D. Identify local resources. (Natural (renewable, nonrenewable and flow resources); Human; Capital) 14
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.D.

6.4.3.E. Define specialization and identify examples of interdependence. 26
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.E.

6.4.3.F. Explain why some products are produced locally while others are not. 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.F.

6.4.3.G. Identify local geographic patterns of economic activities. (Agriculture, Travel and tourism, Mining and mineral extraction, Manufacturing, Wholesale and retail, Health services) 19
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.4.3.G.

PA.6.5.3. Economics: Work and Earnings: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

6.5.3.A. Explain why people work to get goods and services. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.A.

6.5.3.B. Identify different occupations. 26
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.B.

6.5.3.C. Describe businesses that provide goods and businesses that provide services. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.C.

6.5.3.D. Define profit and loss. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.D.

6.5.3.E. Identify examples of assets. (Tangible (e.g., houses, cars, jewelry); Financial assets (e.g., stocks, bonds, savings accounts)) 24
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.E.

6.5.3.F. Define entrepreneurship and identify entrepreneurs in the local community. 11
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.F.

6.5.3.G. Define saving and explain why people save. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 6.5.3.G.

6.5.3.H. Explain how banks bring savers and borrowers together.

PA.7.1.3. Geography: Basic Geographic Literacy: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

7.1.3.A. Identify geographic tools and their uses. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.A.

7.1.3.A.1. Characteristics and purposes of different geographic representations: Maps and basic map elements, Globes, Graphs, Diagrams, Photographs. 16
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.A.1.

7.1.3.A.2. Geographic representations to display spatial information: Sketch maps, Thematic maps. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.A.2.

7.1.3.A.3. Mental maps to describe the human and physical features of the local area. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.A.3.

7.1.3.B. Identify and locate places and regions. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.B.

7.1.3.B.1. Physical features: Continents and oceans; Major landforms, rivers and lakes in North America; Local community. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.B.1.

7.1.3.B.2. Human features: Countries (i.e., United States, Mexico, Canada); States (i.e., Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, West Virginia); Cities (i.e., Philadelphia, Erie, Altoona, Pittsburgh, Scranton, Harrisburg, Johnstown, Allentown, Washington D.C., Baltimore, New York, Toronto, Cleveland); Local community. 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.B.2.

7.1.3.B.3. Regions as areas with unifying geographic characteristics: Physical regions (e.g., landform regions, climate regions, river basins); Human regions (e.g., neighborhoods, cities, states, countries). 25
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.1.3.B.3.

PA.7.2.3. Geography: The Physical Characteristics of Places and Regions: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

7.2.3.A. Identify the physical characteristics of places and regions. 12
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.2.3.A.

7.2.3.A.1. Physical properties: Landforms (e.g., plains, hills, plateaus and mountains); Bodies of water (e.g., rivers, lakes, seas and oceans); Weather and climate; Vegetation and animals. 4
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.2.3.A.1.

7.2.3.A.2. Earth's basic physical systems: Lithosphere; Hydrosphere; Atmosphere; Biosphere. 12
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.2.3.A.2.

7.2.3.B. Identify the basic physical processes that affect the physical characteristics of places and regions. 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.2.3.B.

7.2.3.B.1. Earth-sun relationships (i.e., seasons and length of daylight, weather and climate). 69
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.2.3.B.1.

7.2.3.B.2. Extreme physical events (e.g., earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes).

PA.7.3.3. Geography: The Human Characteristics of Places and Regions: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

7.3.3.A. Identify the human characteristics of places and regions by their population characteristics. 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.A.

7.3.3.A.1. The number and distribution of people in the local community. 4
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.A.1.

7.3.3.A.2. Human movement in the local community (e.g., mobility in daily life, migration). 60
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.A.2.

7.3.3.B. Identify the human characteristics of places and regions by their cultural characteristics. 10
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.B.

7.3.3.B.1. Components of culture (e.g., language, belief systems and customs, social organizations, foods, ethnicity). 63
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.B.1.

7.3.3.B.2. Ethnicity of people in the local community (e.g., customs, celebrations, languages, religions). 21
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.B.2.

7.3.3.C. Identify the human characteristics of places and regions by their settlement characteristics. 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.C.

7.3.3.C.1. Types of settlements (e.g., villages, towns, suburbs, cities, metropolitan areas). 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.C.1.

7.3.3.C.2. Factors that affect where people settle (e.g., water, resources, transportation). 4
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.C.2.

7.3.3.D. Identify the human characteristics of places and regions by their economic activities. 37
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.D.

7.3.3.D.1. Location factors in the spatial distribution of economic activities (e.g., market, transportation, workers, materials): Producers of consumer products and services (e.g., bread, pizza, television, shopping malls); Products of farms and factories at the local and regional level (e.g., mushrooms, milk, snack foods, furniture). 56
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.D.1.

7.3.3.D.2. Spatial distribution of resources: Non-renewable resources; Renewable resources; Flow resources (e.g., water power, wind power). 37
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.D.2.

7.3.3.E. Identify the human characteristics of places and regions by their political activities. 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.E.

7.3.3.E.1. Type of political units (e.g., townships, boroughs, towns, cities, counties, states, countries (nation state)). 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.E.1.

7.3.3.E.2. Political units in the local area. 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.3.3.E.2.

PA.7.4.3. Geography: The Interactions Between People and Places: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:

7.4.3.A. Identify the impacts of physical systems on people. 12
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.4.3.A.

7.4.3.A.1. How people depend on, adjust to and modify physical systems on a local scale (e.g., soil quality and agriculture, snowfall and daily activities, drought and water use). 26
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.4.3.A.1.

7.4.3.A.2. Ways in which natural hazards affect human activities (e.g., storms, lightning, flooding).

7.4.3.B. Identify the impacts of people on physical systems. 16
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.4.3.B.

7.4.3.B.1. Effects of energy use (e.g., water quality, air quality, change in natural vegetation). 23
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.4.3.B.1.

7.4.3.B.2. Ways humans change local ecosystems (e.g., land use, dams and canals on waterways, reduction and extinction of species). 17
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 7.4.3.B.2.

PA.8.1.3. History: Historical Analysis and Skills Development: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to:

8.1.3.A. Understand chronological thinking and distinguish between past, present and future time: Calendar time; Time lines; Continuity and change; Events (time and place). 27
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.1.3.A.

8.1.3.B. Develop an understanding of historical sources: Data in historical maps; Visual data from maps and tables; Mathematical data from graphs and tables; Author or historical source. 16
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.1.3.B.

8.1.3.C. Understand fundamentals of historical interpretation: Difference between fact and opinion; The existence of multiple points of view; Illustrations in historical stories; Causes and results.

8.1.3.D. Understand historical research: Event (time and place); Facts, folklore and fiction; Formation of a historical question; Primary sources; Secondary sources; Conclusions (e.g., storytelling, role playing, diorama). 53
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.1.3.D.

PA.8.2.3. History: Pennsylvania History: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to:

8.2.3.A. Understand the political and cultural contributions of individuals and groups to Pennsylvania history: William Penn; Benjamin Franklin; Pennsylvanians impacting American Culture (e.g., John Chapman, Richard Allen, Betsy Ross, Mary Ludwig Hayes, Rachel Carson, Elizabeth Jane Cochran, Marian Anderson); Local historical figures in municipalities and counties. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.A.

8.2.3.B. Identify and describe primary documents, material artifacts and historic sites important in Pennsylvania history: Documents, Writings and Oral Traditions (e.g., Penn's Charter, Pennsylvania Declaration of Rights); Artifacts, Architecture and Historic Places (e.g., Local historical sites, museum collections, Independence Hall); Liberty Bell; Official Commonwealth symbols (e.g., tree, bird, dog, insect). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.B.

8.2.3.C. Identify and describe how continuity and change have influenced Pennsylvania history. 4
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.

8.2.3.C.1. Belief Systems and Religions (e.g., Native Americans, early settlers, contemporary religions). 16
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.1.

8.2.3.C.2. Commerce and Industry (e.g., jobs, trade, environmental change). 24
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.2.

8.2.3.C.3. Innovations (e.g., technology, ideas, processes). 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.3.

8.2.3.C.4. Politics (e.g., rules, regulations, laws). 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.4.

8.2.3.C.5. Settlement Patterns (e.g., farms, towns, rural communities, cities). 28
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.5.

8.2.3.C.6. Social Organization (e.g., relationships of individuals, families, groups, communities; ability to be educated). 49
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.6.

8.2.3.C.7. Transportation (e.g., methods of moving people and goods over time). 72
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.7.

8.2.3.C.8. Women's Movement (e.g., changes in roles and rights over time). 19
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.C.8.

8.2.3.D. Identify and describe conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations in Pennsylvania history. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.

8.2.3.D.1. Domestic Instability (e.g., political, economic and geographic impact on daily activities). 33
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.1.

8.2.3.D.2. Ethnic and Racial Relations (e.g., treatment of various ethnic and racial groups in history). 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.2.

8.2.3.D.3. Labor Relations (e.g., working conditions over time). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.3.

8.2.3.D.4. Immigration (e.g., diverse groups inhabiting the state). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.4.

8.2.3.D.5. Military Conflicts (e.g., struggle for control). 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.2.3.D.5.

PA.8.3.3. History: United States History: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to:

8.3.3.A. Identify contributions of individuals and groups to United States history: George Washington; Thomas Jefferson; Abraham Lincoln; Theodore Roosevelt; Franklin D. Roosevelt; Individuals who are role models (e.g., Abigail Adams, Sacajawea, Frederick Douglass, Clara Barton, Jackie Robinson, Rosa Parks, Archbishop Patrick Flores, Jamie Escalante, Sally Ride, Tiger Woods, Cal Ripken, Jr., Sammy Sosa). 61
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.A.

8.3.3.B. Identify and describe primary documents, material artifacts and historic sites important in United States history. 34
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.B.

8.3.3.B.1. Documents (e.g., Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, Bill of Rights). 3
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.B.1.

8.3.3.B.2. Writings and Communications (e.g., Pledge of Allegiance, famous quotations and sayings). 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.B.2.

8.3.3.B.3. Historic Places (e.g., The White House, Mount Rushmore, Statue of Liberty). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.B.3.

8.3.3.B.4. The Flag of the United States. 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.B.4.

8.3.3.C. Identify important changes in United States history (e.g., Belief Systems and Religions, Commerce and Industry, Innovations, Politics, Settlement Patterns and Expansion, Social Organization, Transportation, Women's Movement). 92
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.C.

8.3.3.D. Identify conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations in United States history. 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.

8.3.3.D.1. Domestic Instability (e.g., impact on daily activities). 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.1.

8.3.3.D.2. Ethnic and Racial Relations (e.g., treatment of minority groups in history). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.2.

8.3.3.D.3. Labor Relations (e.g., working conditions over time). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.3.

8.3.3.D.4. Immigration (e.g., diverse groups inhabiting the state). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.4.

8.3.3.D.5. Military Conflicts (e.g., struggle for control). 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.3.3.D.5.

PA.8.4.3. History: World History: Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to:

8.4.3.A. Identify individuals and groups who have made significant political and cultural contributions to world history. 61
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.A.

8.4.3.A.1. Africa (e.g., Nefertiti, Mansa Musa, Nelson Mandela). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.A.1.

8.4.3.A.2. Americas (e.g., Montezuma, Simon Bolivar, Fidel Castro). 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.A.2.

8.4.3.A.3. Asia (e.g., Hammurabi, Mohandas Gandhi, Benazir Bhutto). 6
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.A.3.

8.4.3.A.4. Europe (e.g., Julius Caesar, Joan of Arc, Pope John Paul). 14
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.A.4.

8.4.3.B. Identify historic sites and material artifacts important to world history. 19
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.B.

8.4.3.B.1. Africa (e.g., Pyramids, treasures of Tutankhamen, Nefertiti's sculpture). 6
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.B.1.

8.4.3.B.2. Americas (e.g., Olmec ritualistic centers, Mayan pyramids, arrowheads). 6
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.B.2.

8.4.3.B.3. Asia (e.g., Code of Hammurabi, Ziggurat at Ur, canals). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.B.3.

8.4.3.B.4. Europe (e.g., ancient megaliths, Arc de Triomphe, Acropolis). 1
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.B.4.

8.4.3.C. Compare similarities and differences between earliest civilizations and life today (e.g., Africa, Egypt; Asia, Babylonia; Americas, Olmec; Europe, Neolithic settlements). 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.C.

8.4.3.D. Identify how conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations affected world history. 8
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.

8.4.3.D.1. Domestic Instability (e.g., political, economic and geographic impact on normal activities). 7
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.1.

8.4.3.D.2. Labor Relations (e.g., working conditions over time). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.2.

8.4.3.D.3. Racial and Ethnic Relations (e.g., treatment of various ethnic and racial groups in history). 9
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.3.

8.4.3.D.4. Immigration and migration (e.g., diverse groups inhabiting a territory). 2
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.4.

8.4.3.D.5. Military Conflicts (e.g., struggle for control). 5
Suggested Titles for Pennsylvania Social Studies State Standard 8.4.3.D.5.