Arizona State Standards for Language Arts: Grade 4

AZ.R04-S1. Reading Process

R04-S1C1. Print Concepts: Demonstrate understanding of print concepts.

R04-S1C2. Phonemic Awareness: Identify and manipulate the sounds of speech.

R04-S1C3. Phonics: Decode words, using knowledge of phonics, syllabication, and word parts.

R04-S1C4. Vocabulary: Acquire and use new vocabulary in relevant contexts.

R04-S1C4-01. Use knowledge of root words and affixes to determine the meaning of unknown words.

R04-S1C4-02. Use context to determine the relevant meaning of a word.

R04-S1C4-03. Determine the difference between figurative language and literal language.

R04-S1C4-04. Identify figurative language, including similes, personification, and idioms.

R04-S1C4-05. Determine the meanings, pronunciations, syllabication, synonyms, antonyms, and parts of speech of words by using a variety of reference aids, including dictionaries, thesauri, glossaries, and CD-ROM and Internet when available.

R04-S1C4-06. Identify antonyms, synonyms, and homonyms for given words within text.

R04-S1C5. Fluency: Read fluently.

R04-S1C5-01. Read from familiar prose and poetry with fluency and appropriate rhythm, pacing, intonation, and expression relevant to the text.

R04-S1C6. Comprehension Strategies: Employ strategies to comprehend text.

R04-S1C6-01. Predict text content using prior knowledge and text features (e.g., illustrations, titles, topic sentences, key words).

R04-S1C6-02. Confirm predictions about text for accuracy.

R04-S1C6-03. Generate clarifying questions in order to comprehend text.

R04-S1C6-04. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text.

R04-S1C6-05. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and sources.

R04-S1C6-06. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text.

AZ.R04-S2. Comprehending Literary Text

R04-S2C1. Elements of Literature: Identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the structures and elements of literature.

R04-S2C1-01. Identify the main problem or conflict of a plot.

R04-S2C1-02. Identify the resolution of a problem or conflict in a plot.

R04-S2C1-03. Identify the moral of literary selection (e.g., fables, folktales, fairytales, legends).

R04-S2C1-04. Distinguish between major characters and minor characters.

R04-S2C1-05. Describe a character's traits using textual evidence (e.g., dialogue, actions, narrations, illustrations).

R04-S2C1-06. Identify the speaker or narrator in a literary selection.

R04-S2C1-07. Identify all aspects of the setting (e.g., time of day or year, historical period, place, situation).

R04-S2C1-08. Compare (and contrast) the characters, events, and setting in a literary selection.

R04-S2C1-09. Identify characteristics and structural elements (e.g., imagery, rhyme, verse, rhythm, meter) of poetry.

R04-S2C1-10. Identify common forms of literature (e.g., poetry, novel, short story, biography, autobiography, drama) based upon their characteristics.

R04-S2C2. Historical and Cultural Aspects of Literature: Recognize and apply knowledge of the historical and cultural aspects of American, British, and world literature.

R04-S2C2-01. Describe the historical and cultural aspects found in cross-cultural works of literature.

AZ.R04-S3. Comprehending Informational Text

R04-S3C1. Expository Text: Identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the purpose, structures, and elements of expository text.

R04-S3C1-01. Identify the main idea and supporting details in expository text.

R04-S3C1-02. Distinguish fact from opinion in expository text.

R04-S3C1-03. Determine author's main purpose (e.g., to inform, to describe, to explain) for writing the expository text.

R04-S3C1-04. Locate specific information by using organizational features (e.g., table of contents, headings, captions, bold print, glossaries, indices, italics, key words, topic sentences, concluding sentences) of expository text. (Connected to Research Strand in Wri

R04-S3C1-05. Identify appropriate print and electronic reference sources (e.g., encyclopedia, atlas, almanac, dictionary, thesaurus, periodical, textbooks, CD-ROM, website) needed for a specific purpose. (Connected to Research Strand in Writing)

R04-S3C1-06. Interpret information from graphic features (e.g., charts, maps, diagrams, illustrations, tables, timelines) in expository text. (Connected to Research Strand in Writing)

R04-S3C1-07. Distinguish cause and effect.

R04-S3C1-08. Draw valid conclusions based on information gathered from expository text.

R04-S3C2. Functional Text: Identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the purpose, structures, clarity, and relevancy of functional text.

R04-S3C2-01. Locate specific information from functional text (e.g., letters, memos, directories, menus, schedules, pamphlets, search engines, signs, manuals, instructions, recipes, labels, forms).

R04-S3C2-02. Interpret details from functional text for a specific purpose (e.g., to follow directions, to solve problems, to perform procedures, to answer questions).

R04-S3C3. Persuasive Text: Explain basic elements of argument in text and their relationship to the author's purpose and use of persuasive strategies.

R04-S3C3-01. Determine the author's position regarding a particular idea, subject, concept, or object.

R04-S3C3-02. Identify persuasive vocabulary (e.g., loaded/emotional words, exaggeration) used to influence readers' opinions.

AZ.W04-S1. Writing Process

W04-S1C1. Prewriting: Prewriting includes using strategies to generate, plan, and organize ideas for specific purposes.

W04-S1C1-01. Generate ideas through a variety of activities (e.g., brainstorming, graphic organizers, drawing, writer's notebook, group discussion, printed material).

W04-S1C1-02. Determine the purpose (e.g., to entertain, to inform, to communicate, to persuade) of a writing piece.

W04-S1C1-03. Determine the intended audience of a writing piece.

W04-S1C1-04. Use organizational strategies (e.g., graphic organizer, KWL chart, log) to plan writing.

W04-S1C1-05. Maintain a record (e.g., lists, pictures, journal, folder, notebook) of writing ideas.

W04-S1C1-06. Use time management strategies, when appropriate, to produce a writing product within a set time period.

W04-S1C2. Drafting: Drafting incorporates prewriting activities to create a first draft containing necessary elements for a specific purpose.

W04-S1C2-01. Use a prewriting plan to develop a draft with main idea(s) and supporting details.

W04-S1C2-02. Organize writing into a logical sequence that is clear to the audience.

W04-S1C3. Revising: Revising includes evaluating and refining the rough draft for clarity and effectiveness. (Ask: Does this draft say what you want it to say?)

W04-S1C3-01. Evaluate the draft for use of ideas and content, organization, voice, word choice, and sentence fluency.

W04-S1C3-02. Add details to the draft to more effectively accomplish the purpose.

W04-S1C3-03. Rearrange words, sentences, and paragraphs to clarify the meaning of the draft.

W04-S1C3-04. Use a combination of sentence structures (i.e., simple, compound) to improve sentence fluency in the draft.

W04-S1C3-05. Modify word choice appropriate to the application in order to enhance the writing.

W04-S1C3-06. Apply appropriate tools or strategies (e.g., peer review, checklists, rubrics) to refine the draft.

W04-S1C3-07. Use resources and reference materials to select more precise vocabulary.

W04-S1C4. Editing: Proofread and correct the draft for conventions.

W04-S1C4-01. Identify punctuation, spelling, and grammar and usage errors in the draft.

W04-S1C4-02. Use resources (e.g., dictionary, word lists, spelling/grammar checkers) to correct conventions.

W04-S1C4-03. Apply proofreading marks to indicate errors in conventions.

W04-S1C4-04. Apply appropriate tools (e.g., peer review, checklists, rubrics) to edit the draft.

W04-S1C5. Publishing: Publishing includes formatting and presenting a final product for the intended audience.

W04-S1C5-01. Prepare writing in a format (e.g., oral presentation, manuscript, multimedia) appropriate to audience and purpose.

W04-S1C5-02. Share the writing with the intended audience.

W04-S1C5-03. Use margins and spacing to enhance the final product.

W04-S1C5-04. Write legibly.

AZ.W04-S2. Writing Elements

W04-S2C1. Ideas and Content: Writing is clear and focused, holding the reader's attention throughout. Main ideas stand out and are developed by strong support and rich details. Purpose is accomplished.

W04-S2C1-01. Express ideas that are clear and directly related to the topic.

W04-S2C1-02. Provide content and selected details that are well-suited to audience and purpose.

W04-S2C1-03. Use relevant details to provide adequate support for the ideas.

W04-S2C2. Organization: Organization addresses the structure of the writing and integrates the central meaning and patterns that hold the piece together.

W04-S2C2-01. Use a structure that fits the type of writing (e.g., letter format, narrative, lines of poetry).

W04-S2C2-02. Create a beginning that captures the reader's interest.

W04-S2C2-03. Place details appropriately to support the main idea.

W04-S2C2-04. Use a variety of transitional words that creates smooth connections between ideas.

W04-S2C2-05. Create an ending that provides a sense of resolution or closure.

W04-S2C2-06. Construct a paragraph that groups sentences around a topic.

W04-S2C3. Voice: Voice will vary according to the type of writing, but should be appropriately formal or casual, distant or personal, depending on the audience and purpose.

W04-S2C3-01. Show awareness of the audience through word choice and style.

W04-S2C3-02. Convey a sense of originality, sincerity, liveliness, or humor appropriate to topic and type of writing.

W04-S2C4. Word Choice: Word choice reflects the writer's use of specific words and phrases to convey the intended message and employs a variety of words that are functional and appropriate to the audience and purpose.

W04-S2C4-01. Use a variety of specific and accurate words that effectively convey the intended message.

W04-S2C4-02. Use descriptive words and phrases that energize the writing.

W04-S2C4-03. Apply vocabulary and/or terminology appropriate to the type of writing.

W04-S2C4-04. Use literal and figurative language in a variety of ways (e.g., imitating, creating new words, rhyming), although may be inconsistent or experimental.

W04-S2C5. Sentence Fluency: Fluency addresses the rhythm and flow of language. Sentences are strong and varied in structure and length.

W04-S2C5-01. Write simple and compound sentences.

W04-S2C5-02. Write sentences that flow together and sound natural when read aloud.

W04-S2C5-03. Vary sentence beginnings, lengths, and patterns to enhance the flow of the writing.

W04-S2C5-04. Use effective and natural dialogue when appropriate.

W04-S2C6. Conventions: Conventions addresses the mechanics of writing, including capitalization, punctuation, spelling, grammar and usage, and paragraph breaks.

W04-S2C6-01. Use capital letters for:

W04-S2C6-01-a. Proper nouns (i.e., names, days, months)

W04-S2C6-01-b. Titles

W04-S2C6-01-c. Names of place

W04-S2C6-01-d. Abbreviations

W04-S2C6-01-e. Literary titles (i.e., book, story, poem)

W04-S2C6-02. Punctuate endings of sentences using:

W04-S2C6-02-a. Periods

W04-S2C6-02-b. Question marks

W04-S2C6-02-c. Exclamation points

W04-S2C6-03. Use commas to punctuate:

W04-S2C6-03-a. Items in a series

W04-S2C6-03-b. Greetings and closings of letters

W04-S2C6-03-c. Dates

W04-S2C6-03-d. Introductory words

W04-S2C6-04. Use quotation marks to punctuate:

W04-S2C6-04-a. Dialogue (although may be inconsistent or experimental)

W04-S2C6-04-b. Titles

W04-S2C6-05. Use a colon to punctuate time.

W04-S2C6-06. Use apostrophes to punctuate:

W04-S2C6-06-a. Contractions

W04-S2C6-06-b. Singular possessive

W04-S2C6-07. Spell high frequency words correctly.

W04-S2C6-08. Use common spelling patterns/generalizations to spell words correctly, including:

W04-S2C6-08-a. R-controlled

W04-S2C6-08-b. Diphthong

W04-S2C6-08-c. Vowel digraphs

W04-S2C6-08-d. CVC words

W04-S2C6-08-e. CCVC

W04-S2C6-08-f. CVCC

W04-S2C6-08-g. Silent e

W04-S2C6-08-h. Irregular plurals

W04-S2C6-08-i. Affixes

W04-S2C6-09. Spell simple homonyms correctly in context.

W04-S2C6-10. Use resources (e.g., dictionaries, word walls) to spell correctly.

W04-S2C6-11. Use paragraph breaks to indicate an organizational structure.

W04-S2C6-12. Use the following parts of speech correctly in simple sentences:

W04-S2C6-12-a. Nouns

W04-S2C6-12-b. Action verbs

W04-S2C6-12-c. Personal pronouns

W04-S2C6-12-d. Adjectives

W04-S2C6-12-e. Conjunctions

W04-S2C6-13. Use subject/verb agreement in simple and compound sentences.

AZ.W04-S3. Writing Applications

W04-S3C1. Expressive: Expressive writing includes personal narratives, stories, poetry, songs, and dramatic pieces. Writing may be based on real or imagined events.

W04-S3C1-01. Write a narrative based on imagined or real events, observations, or memories that includes:

W04-S3C1-01-a. Characters

W04-S3C1-01-b. Setting

W04-S3C1-01-c. Plot

W04-S3C1-01-d. Sensory details

W04-S3C1-01-e. Clear language

W04-S3C1-01-f. Logical sequence of events

W04-S3C1-02. Write in a variety of expressive forms (e.g., poetry, skit) that may employ:

W04-S3C1-02-a. Figurative language

W04-S3C1-02-b. Rhythm

W04-S3C1-02-c. Dialogue

W04-S3C1-02-d. Characterization

W04-S3C1-02-e. Plot

W04-S3C1-02-f. Appropriate format

W04-S3C2. Expository: Expository writing includes nonfiction writing that describes, explains, informs, or summarizes ideas and content. The writing supports a thesis based on research, observation, and/or experience.

W04-S3C2-01. Record information (e.g., observations, notes, lists, charts, map labels and legends) related to the topic.

W04-S3C2-02. Write an expository paragraph that contains:

W04-S3C2-02-a. A topic sentence

W04-S3C2-02-b. Supporting details

W04-S3C2-02-c. Relevant information

W04-S3C2-03. Write in a variety of expository forms (e.g., essay, summary, newspaper article, reflective paper, log, journal).

W04-S3C3. Functional: Functional writing provides specific directions or information related to real-world tasks. This includes letters, memos, schedules, directories, signs, manuals, forms, recipes, and technical pieces for specific content areas.

W04-S3C3-01. Write a variety of functional text (e.g., directions, recipes, procedures, rubrics, labels, graphs/tables).

W04-S3C3-02. Write communications, including:

W04-S3C3-02-a. Thank-you notes

W04-S3C3-02-b. Friendly letters

W04-S3C3-02-c. Formal letters

W04-S3C3-02-d. Messages

W04-S3C3-02-e. Invitations

W04-S3C3-03. Address an envelope for correspondence that includes:

W04-S3C3-03-a. An appropriate return address

W04-S3C3-03-b. An appropriate recipient address

W04-S3C4. Persuasive: Persuasive writing is used for the purpose of influencing the reader. The author presents an issue and expresses an opinion in order to convince an audience to agree with the opinion or to take a particular action.

W04-S3C4-01. Write persuasive text (e.g., advertisements, paragraph) that attempts to influence the reader.

W04-S3C5. Literary Response: Literary response is the writer's reaction to a literary selection. The response includes the writer's interpretation, analysis, opinion, and/or feelings about the piece of literature and selected elements within it.

W04-S3C5-01. Write a reflection to a literature selection (e.g., journal entry, book review).

W04-S3C5-02. Write a book report or review that identifies the:

W04-S3C5-02-a. Main idea

W04-S3C5-02-b. Character(s)

W04-S3C5-02-c. Setting

W04-S3C5-02-d. Sequence of events

W04-S3C5-02-e. Conflict/resolution

W04-S3C5-03. Write a response that demonstrates an understanding of a literary selection, and depending on the selection, includes:

W04-S3C5-03-a. Evidence from the text

W04-S3C5-03-b. Personal experience

W04-S3C5-03-c. Comparison to other text/media

W04-S3C6. Research: Research writing is a process in which the writer identifies a topic or question to be answered. The writer locates and evaluates information about the topic or question, and then organizes, summarizes, and synthesizes the information into a fin

W04-S3C6-01. Paraphrase information from a variety of sources (e.g., Internet, reference materials).

W04-S3C6-02. Organize notes in a meaningful sequence.

W04-S3C6-03. Write an informational report that includes main idea(s) and relevant details.

AZ.LS3. Listening and Speaking

LS-E. Students effectively listen and speak in situations that serve different purposes and involve a variety of audiences.

LS-E1. Prepare and deliver an organized speech and effectively convey the message through verbal and nonverbal communications with a specific audience

LS-E2. Prepare and deliver an oral report in a content area and effectively convey the information through verbal and nonverbal communications with a specific audience.

LS-E3. Interpret and respond to questions and evaluate responses both as interviewer and interviewee

LS-E4. Predict, clarify, analyze and critique a speaker's information and point of view

AZ.VP4. Viewing and Presenting

VP-E. Students use a variety of visual media and resources to gather, evaluate and synthesize information and to communicate with others.

VP-E1. Analyze visual media for language, subject matter and visual techniques used to influence opinions, decision making and cultural perceptions

VP-E2. Plan, develop and produce a visual presentation, using a variety of media such as videos, films, newspapers, magazines and computer images

VP-E3. Compare, contrast and establish criteria to evaluate visual media for purpose and effectiveness.