Missouri State Standards for Science: Grade 8

MO.ME.1.1. Properties and Principles of Matter and Energy: Changes in properties and states of matter provide evidence of the atomic theory of matter

ME.1.1.A.8.a. Objects, and the materials they are made of, have properties that can be used to describe and classify them: Recognize elements (unique atoms) and compounds (molecules or crystals) are pure substances that have characteristic properties 8
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.A.8.a.

ME.1.1.A.8.b. Objects, and the materials they are made of, have properties that can be used to describe and classify them: Describe the physical and chemical properties (e.g., magnetic attraction, conductivity, melting point and boiling point, reactivity) of pure substances (elements or compounds) (e.g., copper wire, aluminum wire, iron, charcoal, sulfur, water, salt, sugar, sodium bicarbonate, galena, quartz, magnetite, pyrite) using appropriate senses and tools 25
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.A.8.b.

ME.1.1.C.8.a. Properties of matter can be explained in terms of moving particles too small to be seen without tremendous magnification: Describe evidence (e.g., diffusion of colored material into clear material such as water; light reflecting off of dust particles in air; changes in physical properties and reactivity such as gold hammered into foil, oil spreading on the surface of water, decay of organic matter, condensation of water vapor by increased pressure) that supports the theory that matter is composed of moving particles too small to be seen (atoms, molecules) 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.C.8.a.

ME.1.1.D.8.a. Physical changes in the state of matter that result from thermal changes can be explained by the Kinetic Theory of Matter: Using the Kinetic Theory model, illustrate and account for the physical properties (i.e., shape, volume, malleability, viscosity) of a solid, liquid, or gas in terms of the arrangement and motion of molecules in a substance 25
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.D.8.a.

ME.1.1.D.8.b. Physical changes in the state of matter that result from thermal changes can be explained by the Kinetic Theory of Matter: Use the Kinetic Theory model to explain changes in the volume, shape, and viscosity of materials in response to temperature changes during a phase change 11
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.D.8.b.

ME.1.1.D.8.c. Physical changes in the state of matter that result from thermal changes can be explained by the Kinetic Theory of Matter: Predict the effect of transfer on the physical properties of a substance as it changes to or from a solid, liquid, or gas (i.e., phase changes that occur during freezing, melting, evaporation, boiling, condensation) 11
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.D.8.c.

ME.1.1.F.8.a. The periodic table organizes the elements according to their atomic structure and chemical reactivity: Recognize more than 100 known elements (unique atoms) exist that may be combined in nature or by man to produce compounds that make up the living and nonliving substances in the environment (Do NOT assess memorization of the Periodic Table) 23
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.F.8.a.

ME.1.1.I.8.a. Mass is conserved during any physical or chemical change: Provide evidence that mass is conserved during a chemical change in a closed system (e.g., vinegar + baking soda, mold growing in a closed container, steel wool rusting) 11
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.I.8.a.

ME.1.1.I.8.b. Mass is conserved during any physical or chemical change: Explain that the amount of matter remains constant while being recycled through the rock cycle 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.I.8.b.

ME.1.1.I.8.c. Mass is conserved during any physical or chemical change: Explain that the amount of matter remains constant while being recycled through food chains and food webs 15
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.1.I.8.c.

MO.ME.1.2. Properties and Principles of Matter and Energy: Energy has a source, can be transferred, and can be transformed into various forms but is conserved between and within systems

ME.1.2.A.8.a. Forms of energy have a source, a means of transfer (work and heat), and a receiver: Recognize chemical energy is stored in chemical compounds (e.g., energy stored in and released from food molecules, batteries, nitrogen explosives, fireworks, organic fuels) 14
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.2.A.8.a.

ME.1.2.F.8.a. Energy can change from one form to another within systems, but the total amount remains the same: Identify the evidence of different energy transformations (e.g., explosion of light, heat, and sound, temperature change, electrical charge) that may occur as chemical energy is released during a chemical reaction 14
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ME.1.2.F.8.a.

MO.LO.3.1. Characteristic and Interactions of Living Organisms: There is a fundamental unity underlying the diversity of all living organisms

LO.3.1.A.8.a. Organisms have basic needs for survival: Recognize that most plants and animals require food and oxygen (needed to release the energy from that food) 25
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.1.A.8.a.

LO.3.1.D.8.a. Plants and animals have different structures that serve similar functions necessary for the survival of the organism: Identify and contrast the structures of plants and animals that serve similar functions (e.g., taking in water and oxygen, support, response to stimuli, obtaining energy, circulation, digestion, excretion, reproduction) 36
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.1.D.8.a.

MO.LO.3.2. Characteristic and Interactions of Living Organisms: Living organisms carry out life processes in order to survive

LO.3.2.A.8.a. The cell contains a set of structures called organelles that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Recognize the cell membrane helps regulate the transfer of materials in and out of the cell 20
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.A.8.a.

LO.3.2.A.8.b. The cell contains a set of structures called organelles that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Recognize the function of the chloroplast is photosynthesis 20
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.A.8.b.

LO.3.2.B.8.a. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes necessary to the survival of most organisms on Earth: Recognize photosynthesis is a chemical change with reactants (water and carbon dioxide) and products (energy-rich sugar molecules and oxygen) that takes place in the presence of light and chlorophyll 20
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.B.8.a.

LO.3.2.B.8.b. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes necessary to the survival of most organisms on Earth: Recognize oxygen is needed by all cells of most organisms for the release of energy from nutrient (sugar) molecules (Do NOT assess the term cellular respiration) 39
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.B.8.b.

LO.3.2.B.8.c. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes necessary to the survival of most organisms on Earth: Describe the importance of the transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to the survival of the organism 42
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.B.8.c.

LO.3.2.C.8.a. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Identify and give examples of each level of organization (cell, tissue, organ, organ system) in multicellular organisms (plants, animals) 44
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.a.

LO.3.2.C.8.b. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Illustrate and explain the path water and nutrients take as they move through the transport system of a plant 10
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.b.

LO.3.2.C.8.c. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Explain the interactions between the circulatory and digestive systems as nutrients are processed by the digestive system, passed into the blood stream, and transported in and out of the cell 28
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.c.

LO.3.2.C.8.d. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Compare and contrast the processes of mechanical and chemical digestion, and their role in providing materials necessary for survival of the cell and organism 39
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.d.

LO.3.2.C.8.e. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Identify the importance of the transport and exchange of nutrient and waste molecules to the survival of the cell and organism 42
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.e.

LO.3.2.C.8.f. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Explain the interactions between the circulatory and respiratory systems in exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and the atmosphere (when oxygen enters the body, passes into the blood stream, and is transported into the cell; carbon dioxide is transported out of the cell, passes into the blood stream, and exits the body) 41
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.f.

LO.3.2.C.8.g. Complex multicellular organisms have systems that interact to carry out life processes through physical and chemical means: Explain the interactions between the nervous and muscular systems when an organism responds to a stimulus 50
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.C.8.g.

LO.3.2.F.8.a. Cellular activities and responses can maintain stability internally while external conditions are changing (homeostasis): Predict the response the body may take to maintain internal balance during an environmental change (e.g., shivering when cold, slowing metabolism when food supply decreases or when dehydrated, adrenaline rush when frightened) 50
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.F.8.a.

LO.3.2.G.8.a. Life processes can be disrupted by disease (intrinsic failures of the organ systems or by infection due to other organisms): Explain the cause and effect of diseases (e.g., AIDS, cancer, diabetes, hypertension) on the human body 59
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.G.8.a.

LO.3.2.G.8.b. Life processes can be disrupted by disease (intrinsic failures of the organ systems or by infection due to other organisms): Relate some common diseases (i.e., cold, influenza, strep throat, dysentery, fungal infections) to the organisms that cause them (bacteria, viruses, protests, fungi) 59
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.G.8.b.

LO.3.2.G.8.c. Life processes can be disrupted by disease (intrinsic failures of the organ systems or by infection due to other organisms): Differentiate between infectious and noninfectious diseases 59
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.G.8.c.

LO.3.2.G.8.d. Life processes can be disrupted by disease (intrinsic failures of the organ systems or by infection due to other organisms): Explain the role of antibiotics and vaccines in the treatment and prevention of diseases 19
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.2.G.8.d.

MO.LO.3.3. Characteristic and Interactions of Living Organisms: There is a genetic basis for the transfer of biological characteristics from one generation to the next through reproductive processes

LO.3.3.A.8.a. Reproduction can occur asexually or sexually: Compare and contrast the processes of asexual and sexual reproduction, including the type and number of cells involved (one body cell in asexual, two sex cells in sexual), and the number of gene sets (body cell has two sets, sex cells have one set each) passed from parent(s) to offspring 23
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.A.8.a.

LO.3.3.A.8.b. Reproduction can occur asexually or sexually: Identify examples of asexual reproduction (i.e., plants budding, binary fission of single cell organisms) 15
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.A.8.b.

LO.3.3.A.8.c. Reproduction can occur asexually or sexually: Compare and contrast the reproductive mechanisms of classes of vertebrates (i.e., internal vs. external fertilization) 2
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.A.8.c.

LO.3.3.A.8.d. Reproduction can occur asexually or sexually: Explain how flowering plants reproduce sexually 19
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.A.8.d.

LO.3.3.C.8.a. Chromosomes are components of cells that occur in pairs and carry hereditary information from one cell to daughter cells and from parent to offspring during reproduction: Identify chromosomes as cellular structures that occur in pairs that carry hereditary information in units called genes 27
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.C.8.a.

LO.3.3.C.8.b. Chromosomes are components of cells that occur in pairs and carry hereditary information from one cell to daughter cells and from parent to offspring during reproduction: Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs, the same genetic information found in the parent cell is copied and passed on to each new daughter cell (Assess only the concept - not the term or process of mitosis) 27
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.C.8.b.

LO.3.3.C.8.c. Chromosomes are components of cells that occur in pairs and carry hereditary information from one cell to daughter cells and from parent to offspring during reproduction: Recognize that when sexual reproduction occurs, genetic material from both parents is passed on and combined to form the genetic code for the new organism (Assess only the concept - not the term or process of meiosis) 27
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.C.8.c.

LO.3.3.D.8.a. There is heritable variation within every species of organism: Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs, the daughter cell is identical to the parent cell (assuming no change in the parent genes) 18
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.D.8.a.

LO.3.3.D.8.b. There is heritable variation within every species of organism: Recognize that when sexual reproduction occurs, the offspring is not identical to either parent due to the combining of the different genetic codes contained in each sex cell 18
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard LO.3.3.D.8.b.

MO.EC.4.1. Changes in Ecosystems and Interactions of Organisms with their Environments: Organisms are interdependent with one another and with their environment

EC.4.1.D.8.a. The diversity of species within an ecosystem is affected by changes in the environment, which can be caused by other organisms or outside processes: Explain the beneficial or detrimental impact that some organisms (i.e., viruses, bacteria, protists, fungi) may have on other organisms (e.g., diseases, antibiotics, breakdown of waste, fermentation) 70
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard EC.4.1.D.8.a.

MO.EC.4.2. Changes in Ecosystems and Interactions of Organisms with their Environments: Matter and energy flow through an ecosystem

EC.4.2.B.8.a. Matter is recycled through an ecosystem: Illustrate the oxygen/carbon dioxide cycles 23
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard EC.4.2.B.8.a.

EC.4.2.B.8.b. Matter is recycled through an ecosystem: Describe the processes involved in the recycling of matter in the oxygen/carbon dioxide cycles 9
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard EC.4.2.B.8.b.

MO.ES.5.1. Processes and Interactions of the Earth's Systems (Geosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere): Earth's Systems (geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) have common components and unique structures

ES.5.1.A.8.a. The Earth's crust is composed of various materials, including soil, minerals, and rocks, with characteristic properties: Differentiate between minerals and rocks (which are composed of different kinds of minerals) 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.1.A.8.a.

ES.5.1.A.8.b. The Earth's crust is composed of various materials, including soil, minerals, and rocks, with characteristic properties: Describe the distinguishing properties that can be used to classify minerals (i.e., texture, smell, luster, hardness, crystal shape, streak, reaction to magnets and acids) 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.1.A.8.b.

ES.5.1.A.8.c. The Earth's crust is composed of various materials, including soil, minerals, and rocks, with characteristic properties: Describe the methods used to identify the distinguishing properties of minerals 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.1.A.8.c.

ES.5.1.A.8.d. The Earth's crust is composed of various materials, including soil, minerals, and rocks, with characteristic properties: Classify rocks as sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.1.A.8.d.

MO.ES.5.2. Processes and Interactions of the Earth's Systems (Geosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere): Earth's Systems (geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) interact with one another as they undergo change by common processes

ES.5.2.B.8.a. There are internal processes and sources of energy within the geosphere that cause changes in Earth's crustal plates: Explain convection currents are the result of uneven heating inside the mantle resulting in the melting of rock materials, convection of magma, eruption/flow of magma, and movement of crustal plates 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.B.8.a.

ES.5.2.B.8.b. There are internal processes and sources of energy within the geosphere that cause changes in Earth's crustal plates: Explain how rock layers are affected by the folding, breaking, and uplifting of rock layers due to plate motion 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.B.8.b.

ES.5.2.B.8.c. There are internal processes and sources of energy within the geosphere that cause changes in Earth's crustal plates: Describe how the movement of crustal plates can cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that can result in mountain building and trench formation 8
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.B.8.c.

ES.5.2.C.8.a. Continual changes in the Earth's materials and surface that result from internal and external processes is described by the rock cycle: Explain how heating and cooling in the mantle layer leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks and some igneous rocks 7
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.C.8.a.

ES.5.2.C.8.b. Continual changes in the Earth's materials and surface that result from internal and external processes is described by the rock cycle: Make inferences about the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks from their physical properties (e.g., crystal size indicates rate of cooling, air pockets or glassy texture indicate volcanic activity) 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.C.8.b.

ES.5.2.C.8.c. Continual changes in the Earth's materials and surface that result from internal and external processes is described by the rock cycle: Explain and diagram the external and internal processes of the rock cycle (e.g., weathering and erosion, sedimentation, compaction, heating, recrystallization, resurfacing due to forces that drive plate motion) 4
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.C.8.c.

ES.5.2.D.8.a. Changes in the Earth over time can be inferred through rock and fossil evidence: Describe the methods used to estimate geologic time and the age of the Earth (e.g., techniques used to date rocks and rock layers, presence of fossils) 11
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.D.8.a.

ES.5.2.D.8.b. Changes in the Earth over time can be inferred through rock and fossil evidence: Use rock and fossil evidence to make inferences about the age, history, and changing life forms and environment of the Earth (i.e., changes in successive layers of sedimentary rock and the fossils contained within them, similarities between fossils in different geographic locations, similarities between fossils and organisms present today, fossils of organisms indicating changes in climate, fossils of extinct organisms) 11
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ES.5.2.D.8.b.

MO.IN.7.1. Scientific Inquiry: Science understanding is developed through the use of science process skills, scientific knowledge, scientific investigation, reasoning, and critical thinking

IN.7.1.A.8.a. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Formulate testable questions and hypotheses 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.a.

IN.7.1.A.8.b. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Recognize the importance of the independent variable, dependent variables, control of constants, and multiple trials to the design of a valid experiment 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.b.

IN.7.1.A.8.c. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Design and conduct a valid experiment 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.c.

IN.7.1.A.8.d. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Evaluate the design of an experiment and make suggestions for reasonable improvements or extensions of an experiment 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.d.

IN.7.1.A.8.e. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Recognize that different kinds of questions suggest different kinds of scientific investigations (e.g., some involve observing and describing objects organisms, or events; some involve collecting specimens; some involve experiments; some involve making observations in nature; some involve discovery of new objects and phenomena; some involve making models) 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.e.

IN.7.1.A.8.f. Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation: Acknowledge there is no fixed procedure called 'the scientific method', but some investigations involve systematic observations, carefully collected and relevant evidence, logical reasoning, and imagination in developing hypotheses and other explanations 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.A.8.f.

IN.7.1.B.8.a. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Make qualitative observations using the five senses 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.a.

IN.7.1.B.8.b. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Determine the appropriate tools and techniques to collect data 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.b.

IN.7.1.B.8.c. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Use a variety of tools and equipment to gather data (e.g., microscopes, thermometers, analog and digital meters, computers, spring scales, balances, metric rulers, graduated cylinders, stopwatches) 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.c.

IN.7.1.B.8.d. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Measure length to the nearest millimeter, mass to the nearest gram, volume to the nearest milliliter, force (weight) to the nearest Newton, temperature to the nearest degree Celsius, time to the nearest second 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.d.

IN.7.1.B.8.e. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Compare amounts/measurements 8
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.e.

IN.7.1.B.8.f. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Judge whether measurements and computation of quantities are reasonable 8
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.f.

IN.7.1.B.8.g. Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations: Calculate the range and average/mean of a set of data 3
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.B.8.g.

IN.7.1.C.8.a. Evidence is used to formulate explanations: Use quantitative and qualitative data as support for reasonable explanations (conclusions) 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.C.8.a.

IN.7.1.C.8.b. Evidence is used to formulate explanations: Use data as support for observed patterns and relationships, and to make predictions to be tested 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.C.8.b.

IN.7.1.C.8.c. Evidence is used to formulate explanations: Recognize the possible effects of errors in observations, measurements, and calculations on the formulation of explanations (conclusions) 8
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.C.8.c.

IN.7.1.D.8.a. Scientific inquiry includes evaluation of explanations (hypotheses, laws, theories) in light of scientific principles (understandings): Evaluate the reasonableness of an explanation (conclusion) 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.D.8.a.

IN.7.1.D.8.b. Scientific inquiry includes evaluation of explanations (hypotheses, laws, theories) in light of scientific principles (understandings): Analyze whether evidence (data) and scientific principles support proposed explanations (hypotheses, laws, theories) 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.D.8.b.

IN.7.1.E.8.a. The nature of science relies upon communication of results and justification of explanations: Communicate the procedures and results of investigations and explanations through: oral presentations; drawings and maps; data tables (allowing for the recording and analysis of data relevant to the experiment, such as independent and dependent variables, multiple trials, beginning and ending times or temperatures, derived quantities); graphs (bar, single line, pictograph); equations and writings 6
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard IN.7.1.E.8.a.

MO.ST.8.1. Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity: The nature of technology can advance, and is advanced by, science as it seeks to apply scientific knowledge in ways that meet human needs

ST.8.1.A.8.a. Designed objects are used to do things better or more easily and to do some things that could not otherwise be done at all: Explain how technological improvements, such as those developed for use in space exploration, the military, or medicine, have led to the invention of new products that may improve lives here on Earth (e.g., new materials, freeze-dried foods, infrared goggles, Velcro, satellite imagery, robotics, lasers) 15
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.1.A.8.a.

ST.8.1.B.8.a. Advances in technology often result in improved data collection and an increase in scientific information: Identify the link between technological developments and the scientific discoveries made possible through their development (e.g., Hubble telescope and stellar evolution, composition and structure of the universe; the electron microscope and cell organelles; sonar and the composition of the Earth; manned and unmanned space missions and space exploration; Doppler radar and weather conditions; MRI and CAT-scans and brain activity) 16
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.1.B.8.a.

ST.8.1.C.8.a. Technological solutions to problems often have drawbacks as well as benefits: Describe how technological solutions to problems (e.g., storm water runoff, fiber optics, windmills, efficient car design, electronic trains without conductors, sonar, robotics, Hubble telescope) can have both benefits and drawbacks (e.g., design constraints, unintended consequences, risks) (Assess Locally) 62
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.1.C.8.a.

MO.ST.8.2. Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity: Historical and cultural perspectives of scientific explanations help to improve understanding of the nature of science and how science knowledge and technology evolve over time

ST.8.2.A.8.a. People of different gender and ethnicity have contributed to scientific discoveries and the invention of technological innovations: Describe how the contributions of scientists and inventors, representing different cultures, races, and gender, have contributed to science, technology and human activity (e.g., George Washington Carver, Thomas Edison, Thomas Jefferson, Isaac Newton, Marie Curie, Galileo, Albert Einstein, Mae Jemison, Edwin Hubble, Charles Darwin, Jonas Salk, Louis Pasteur, Jane Goodall, Tom Akers, John Wesley Powell, Rachel Carson) (Assess Locally) 58
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.2.A.8.a.

ST.8.2.B.8.a. Scientific theories are developed based on the body of knowledge that exists at any particular time and must be rigorously questioned and tested for validity: Recognize the difficulty science innovators experience as they attempt to break through accepted ideas (hypotheses, laws, theories) of their time to reach conclusions that may lead to changes in those ideas and serve to advance scientific understanding (e.g., Darwin, Copernicus, Newton) 58
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.2.B.8.a.

ST.8.2.B.8.b. Scientific theories are developed based on the body of knowledge that exists at any particular time and must be rigorously questioned and tested for validity: Recognize explanations have changed over time as a result of new evidence 57
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.2.B.8.b.

MO.ST.8.3. Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity: Science and technology affect, and are affected by, society

ST.8.3.B.8.a. Social, political, economic, ethical and environmental factors strongly influence, and are influenced by, the direction of progress of science and technology: Describe ways in which science and society influence one another (e.g., scientific knowledge and the procedures used by scientists influence the way many individuals in society think about themselves, others, and the environment; societal challenges often inspire questions for scientific research; social priorities often influence research priorities through the availability of funding for research) 21
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.3.B.8.a.

ST.8.3.B.8.b. Social, political, economic, ethical and environmental factors strongly influence, and are influenced by, the direction of progress of science and technology: Identify and evaluate the physical, social, economic, and/or environmental problems that may be overcome using science and technology (e.g., the need for alternative fuels, human travel in space, AIDS) 21
Suggested Titles for Missouri Science State Standard ST.8.3.B.8.b.