Tennessee State Standards for Science: Grade 11

TN.1.0. Life Science: Cells: Standard: The student will investigate the structures and functions of the cell membrane, cellular organelles, and component biomolecules related to the major cell processes.

LS.1.1. Compare and contrast the chemistry of biomolecules and investigate their roles in cell structure and metabolism.

LS.1.2. Explore and compare the organelles of different cell types.

LS.1.3. Probe the composition of the cell membrane and it significance to homeostasis.

LS.1.4. Analyze the various cell processes.

TN.2.0. Life Science: Ecological Interactions: Standard: The student will investigate the relationship and interaction between living organisms and their environment.

LS.2.1. Distinguish between abiotic and biotic factors in the environment.

LS.2.2. Compare populations, communities, and ecosystems.

LS.2.3. Analyze the flow of nutrients and energy in an environment.

LS.2.4. Distinguish among producers, consumers, and decomposers in food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids.

LS.2.5. Distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs by comparing plant and animal structures.

LS.2.6. Contrast different types of symbiotic relationships.

LS.2.7. Explore how human activities can affect the balance of an ecosystem.

TN.3.0. Life Science: Energy Production and Use: The student will compare and contrast the processes involved in the transfer of energy during photosynthesis and respiration.

LS.3.1. Identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis and respiration.

LS.3.2. Compare and contrast the processes of photosynthesis and respiration.

LS.3.3. Analyze the carbon, oxygen, and water cycles.

LS.3.4. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

TN.4.0. Life Science: Reproduction and Inheritance: The student will investigate how patterns of inheritance are linked to reproduction and infer that hereditary information contained in DNA is transmitted from parent to offspring.

LS.4.1. Distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction.

LS.4.2. Organize the stages of cell division sequentially for mitosis and meiosis.

LS.4.3. Distinguish between dominant and recessive traits.

LS.4.4. Distinguish between purebred and hybrid traits.

LS.4.5. Explore various modes of inheritance (i.e. co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, sex-linked, and polygenic traits) using the principles of Mendelian inheritance.

LS.4.6. Relate genetic mutations with changes in DNA.

LS.4.7. Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis.

TN.5.0. Life Science: Classification and Environmental Diversity: The student will investigate the diversity of organisms by analyzing taxonomic systems, exploring diverse environments, and comparing life cycles.

LS.5.1. Establish criteria for designing a classification system.

LS.5.2. Compare systems of classification.

LS.5.3. Infer the types of organisms native to specific major biomes.

LS.5.4. Distinguish among the life cycles of plants and animals.

TN.6.0. Life Science: Biological Evolution: The student will investigate physical, environmental, and chemical evidence that indicates that life on earth has changed over time.

LS.6.1. Investigate the process of fossil formation.

LS.6.2. Interpret various forms of evidence for biological evolution.

LS.6.3. Distinguish between the concepts of relative and absolute dating.

LS.6.4. Relate environmental change to natural selection, mutation, and adaptation that may lead to the emergence of a new species or the extinction of an existing species.

LS.6.5. Use current knowledge of DNA and comparative anatomy as evidence for biological change.

TN.1.0. Biology I: Cells: The student will investigate the structures and functions of the cell membrane, cellular organelles, and component biomolecules related to the major cell processes.

BI.1.1. Compare and contrast the chemistry of biomolecules and investigate their roles in cell structure and metabolism.

BI.1.2. Explore and compare the organelles of different cell types.

BI.1.3. Probe the composition of the cell membrane and its significance to homeostasis.

BI.1.4. Analyze the various cell processes.

TN.2.0. Biology I: Interactions: The student will investigate the interactions of organisms within their environment through different relationships, population dynamics, and patterns of behavior.

BI.2.1. Compare and contrast the different types of symbiotic relationships.

BI.2.2. Distinguish between abiotic and biotic factors in an environment.

BI.2.3. Analyze the flow of energy in an ecosystem using energy and biomass pyramids.

BI.2.4. Analyze innate and learned behaviors and relate this to the survival of the organism.

BI.2.5. Investigate the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem.

BI.2.6. Examine the effects of human activity on ecosystems.

TN.3.0. Biology I: Photosynthesis and Respiration: The student will compare and contrast the biochemical processes involved in the transfer of energy during photosynthesis and respiration, and analyze the major biogeochemical cycles in the biosphere.

BI.3.1. Compare and contrast the light dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis.

BI.3.2. Investigate the relationship between the processes of photosynthesis and respiration.

BI.3.3. Analyze the carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and water cycles in the biosphere.

BI.3.4. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

TN.4.0. Biology I: Genetics and Biotechnology: The student will investigate the concepts of genetics and heredity, different methods of reproduction, patterns of inheritance, and genetic disorders; as well as, explore and evaluate DNA technologies from both a scientific and ethical perspective.

BI.4.1. Investigate the structure and molecular composition of DNA and RNA.

BI.4.2. Relate the structure of DNA and RNA to the processes of replication and protein synthesis.

BI.4.3. Compare and contrast the asexual and sexual reproductive strategies used by organisms.

BI.4.4. Apply the principles of Menedelian inheritance to make predictions for offspring.

BI.4.5. Examine modes of inheritance involving sex linkage, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, and polygenic traits.

BI.4.6. Investigate the causes and effects of mutations.

BI.4.7. Identify the causes and effects of genetic diseases in plants and animals.

BI.4.8. Investigate the scientific and ethical ramifications of genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, selective breeding, hybridization, cell and tissue culture, transgenic animals, and DNA fingerprinting.

TN.5.0. Biology I: Diversity: The student will investigate the diversity of organisms by analyzing taxonomic systems, exploring diverse environments, and comparing life cycles.

BI.5.1. Establish criteria for designing a system of classification and compare historically relevant systems of classification used in Biology.

BI.5.2. Infer the types of organisms native to specific major biomes.

BI.5.3. Integrate a comparative study of plant and animal anatomical structures so as to recognize relationships among organisms related to structural components, symmetry, metamorphosis, and alternation of generations.

TN.6.0. Biology I: Biological Evolution: The student will investigate the process of natural selection and examine the evidence for biological evolution.

BI.6.1. Interpret and evaluate the evidence for biological evolution in the fossil record.

BI.6.2. Investigate how natural selection, mutation, and adaptation impact a species.

BI.6.3. Recognize the contributions of scientists, including Darwin, to the concept of evolution.

BI.6.4. Apply current knowledge of DNA and comparative anatomy to provide evidence for biological evolution.

TN.1.0. Biology II: Comparative Anatomy/Zoology: The student will observe, model, and/or manipulate a variety of organisms representing the major groups of invertebrate and vertebrate animals, to gain an understanding of increasing complexity.

BII.1.1. Compare and contrast animals, from simplest organisms to most complex, with regard to anatomical differences, embryological development, and evolutionary history.

BII.1.2. Investigate how animals accomplish functions like ingestion and digestion, transportation of materials, respiration, excretion, movement, reproduction and development.

BII.1.3. Demonstrate an understanding of systems of increasing complexity, as well as the relationship between structure and function in all organisms.

TN.2.0. Biology II: Embryology: The student will investigate the processes of gamete production, fertilization, and development.

BII.2.1. Compare and contrast the anatomy and production of eggs and sperm.

BII.2.2. Investigate the process of zygote formation.

BII.2.3. Distinguish between internal and external fertilization.

BII.2.4. Describe and distinguish among cleavage, gastrulation, and differentiation.

BII.2.5. Compare the embryological development of organisms including, but not limited to frog, chicken, and human.

TN.3.0. Biology II: Genetics: The student will examine the structure and function of DNA.

BII.3.1. Examine modes of inheritance involving linked genes and epistasis.

BII.3.2. Investigate the effects of the environment on DNA.

BII.3.3. Investigate chromosome mapping, crossing over, and the formation of new gene combinations.

BII.3.4. Examine the process of regulating gene expression.

BII.3.5. Explore the genomic organization and inheritance of DNA in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, cellular organelles, and humans.

BII.3.6. Investigate the applications of recombinant DNA technology, including cloning.

BII.3.7. Investigate population genetics and the Hardy-Weinberg Law.

BII.3.8. Explore the processes of transcription and translation.

TN.4.0. Biology II: Immunology: The student will investigate the reaction of, causes for, and results of the immune response.

BII.4.1. Examine the stages of an immune response.

BII.4.2. Analyze an immune response at the cellular and molecular level.

BII.4.3. Explore immune disorders.

BII.4.4. Compare the different types of immune responses evoked by antigens.

BII.4.5. Explore the worldwide impact of vaccination programs.

TN.5.0. Biology II: Microbiology: The student will investigate diversity, impact, and uses of microorganisms as well as diseases caused by microorganisms.

BII.5.1. Examine the diversity of microbial life forms and explore the conditions under which microbes thrive.

BII.5.2. Compare and contrast pathogenic and parasitic microbes as regards their identity, interactions, the diseases they cause, and methods used to control their growth.

BII.5.3. Investigate the role of microbes in genetic engineering and examine ways microbes are used in society.

BII.5.4. Identify the various relationships shared among humans, plants, and microbes.

TN.6.0. Biology II: Botany: The student will investigate simple and complex plant forms and understand the importance of plant life to survival on earth.

BII.6.1. Examine the anatomy and physiology of non-vascular and vascular plants to demonstrate the biological evolution of plants on the earth.

BII.6.2. Investigate the anatomical and physiological differences among plants that explain how plants grow, reproduce, survive, and coexist with animals in their particular habitats.

BII.6.3. Demonstrate the wide variety of plants that are both harmful and useful to animals, especially humans.

TN.1.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Anatomical Orientation: The student will explore the organizational structures of the body from the molecular to the organism level.

AP.1.1. Distinguish between anatomy and physiology.

AP.1.2. Investigate the structures of the major body systems and relate the functions.

AP.1.3. Investigate the major body cavities and the subdivisions of each cavity.

AP.1.4. Apply correct anatomical terminology when discussing the orientation of body parts and regions.

TN.2.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Protection, Support, and Movement: The student will explore the integumentary, skeletal, and muscular systems, and relate the structures of the various parts to the functions they serve.

AP.2.1. Identify the components of the integumentary system and explain the physiological mechanisms that make the functions of this system possible.

AP.2.2. Identify the bones and their parts that make up the skeletal system, and relate the physiological mechanisms that help the skeletal system fulfill its functions.

AP.2.3. Identify the various kinds of muscles, major muscles of the body, and explain the physiology of muscle contraction.

TN.3.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Integration and Regulation: The student will investigate, compare, and contrast methods of body control by the nervous and endocrine systems.

AP.3.1. Compare and contrast the anatomy and physiology of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

AP.3.2. Describe the structure, function, and developmental aspects of neurons and their supporting glial cells.

AP.3.3. Investigate the physiology of electrochemical impulses and neural integration.

AP.3.4. Investigate organs utilized by the body for perception of external stimuli and to the maintenance of homeostasis.

AP.3.5. Identify the major organs of the endocrine system and demonstrate the relation of each structure to hormonal regulation of homeostasis.

TN.4.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Transportation: The student will investigate the structure and function of the cardiovascular system with an emphasis on the blood, heart, and the lymphatic system and attention to the immune response.

AP.4.1. Identify the molecular and cellular components of the blood.

AP.4.2. Describe the functions of the blood within the human body.

AP.4.3. Demonstrate and understanding of the anatomy of the heart and the flow of blood through the heart.

AP.4.4. Elucidate the biochemical and physiological nature of the heart's functions.

AP.4.5. Describe the structure of blood vessels and identify the major arteries and veins.

AP.4.6. Describe the physiological basis of circulation and blood pressure.

AP.4.7. Demonstrate the role of the cardiovascular system in maintaining homeostasis.

AP.4.8. Identify the major organs of the lymphatic system.

AP.4.9. Demonstrate an understanding of the immune response.

TN.5.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Absorption and Excretion: The student will investigate the structures of the body associated with the absorption and excretion of materials, from the molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels of function.

AP.5.1. Identify the major organs of the digestive system.

AP.5.2. Observe the gross anatomy of each organ within the digestive and urinary systems.

AP.5.3. Describe mechanisms of digestion and absorption within the body.

AP.5.4. Relate how nutrition, metabolism, and body temperature are interrelated.

AP.5.5. Explain the role of the urinary system in body waste management.

AP.5.6. Examine the physiological basis for the elimination of water and salts through the skin and lungs.

TN.6.0. Anatomy and Physiology: Reproduction, Growth, and Development: The student will investigate the reproductive system and its association with the growth and development of organisms.

AP.6.1. Identify the structures and related functions of the male and female reproductive systems.

AP.6.2. Demonstrate and understanding of the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle.

AP.6.3. Indicate the duration and relate the major events at each stage of gestation.

AP.6.4. Investigate congenital disorders; their physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and chromosomal causes.

TN.1.0. Chemistry I: Atomic Structure: The student will investigate atomic structure and how this determines the physical and chemical properties of matter.

CI.1.1. Compare and contrast various models of the atom as they emerged historically, from the Greeks to the modern electron-cloud model.

CI.1.2. Investigate the basic organization of the modern periodic table, including atomic number and atomic properties.

CI.1.3. Describe models of the atom in terms of orbital, electron configuration, orbital notation, quantum numbers, and electron-dot structures.

CI.1.4. Investigate the composition of the nucleus so as to explain isotopes and nuclear reactions.

CI.1.5. Relate the spectral lines of an atom's emission spectrum to the transition of electrons between different energy levels within an atom.

TN.2.0. Chemistry I: Matter and Energy: The student will investigate the characteristics of matter and the interaction of matter and energy.

CI.2.1. Investigate the characteristics of matter.

CI.2.2. Explore the interactions of matter and energy.

TN.3.0. Chemistry I: Interactions of Matter: The student will examine the interactions of matter.

CI.3.1. Investigate chemical bonding.

CI.3.2. Analyze chemical reactions.

CI.3.3. Apply the mathematics of chemical formulas and equations.

TN.4.0. Chemistry I: Solutions and Acids/Bases: The student will investigate the characteristics of solutions with particular attention to acids and bases.

CI.4.1. Investigate the characteristics of solutions.

CI.4.2. Investigate the characteristics of acids and bases.

TN.1.0. Chemistry II: Structure of Matter: The student will extend their Chemistry I investigation of atomic theory, chemical bonding and nuclear chemistry.

CII.1.1. Recognize how electron energy levels relate to atomic spectra, quantum numbers, and atomic orbitals.

CII.1.2. Represent electron arrangements in atoms in a variety of ways.

CII.1.3. Describe periodic relationships including atomic radii, ionization energies, electron affinities, and oxidation states.

CII.1.4. Investigate the subject of ionic, covalent, metallic bonds, and attractive forces between molecules.

CII.1.5. Investigate the relationship of chemical bonding to the state, structure and properties of matter.

CII.1.6. Explore Lewis structures, characteristics of valence bonds (including hybridized orbitals, resonance, and sigma and pi bonds), bond directionality, and ionic or molecular geometry using the VSEPR theory.

CII.1.7. Investigate the characteristics of simple organic molecules including isomerism.

CII.1.8. Explore nuclear chemistry.

TN.2.0. Chemistry II: States of Matter: The student will investigate interactions of matter using the kinetic molecular theory to explain solid, liquid, gas, and solution phenomena.

CII.2.1. Apply the kinetic molecular theory to describe solids, liquids, and gases.

CII.2.2. Investigate topics associated with the gaseous state.

CII.2.3. Discuss phase diagrams of one-component systems.

CII.2.4. Extend their understanding of solutions that was introduced in Chemistry I.

TN.3.0. Chemistry II: Reactions: The student will investigate types of reactions, stoichiometry, equilibrium phenomena, kinetics, and thermodynamics of chemical reactions.

CII.3.1. Investigate various chemical reactions associated with acids and bases, precipitation, and oxidation and reduction.

CII.3.2. Expand the study of stoichiometry.

CII.3.3. Explore the concept of physical and chemical equilibrium.

CII.3.4. Investigate chemical kinetics and the rate of reaction concept.

CII.3.5. Explore the concept of thermodynamics.

TN.1.0. Earth Science: Earth System: The student will investigate the origin, composition, and structure of the universe.

ES.1.1. Explore the theories of the origin of the universe and its vastness.

ES.1.2. Examine the components of the solar system.

ES.1.3. Examine the sun, earth, moon relationships and their gravitational effects.

ES.1.4. Investigate the exploration of space.

TN.2.0. Earth Science: Energy in the Earth System: The student will explore issues associated with energy use in the Earth system.

ES.2.1. Investigate energy sources.

ES.2.2. Explore energy transfer pathways.

ES.2.3. Evaluate alternative energy sources.

TN.3.0. Earth Science: Cycles in the Earth System: The student will investigate the principal features of the cycles in the Earth system.

ES.3.1. Explain the components of the tectonic cycle.

ES.3.2. Investigate the rock cycle.

ES.3.3. Analyze the hydrologic cycle.

ES.3.4. Interpret and assimilate data related to the atmospheric cycle.

ES.3.5. Differentiate between the geo-chemical (Earth system) cycles.

ES.3.6. Evaluate the role of living organisms within the Earth system cycles.

ES.3.7. Investigate maps.

TN.4.0. Earth Science: Geologic History: The student will explore the geologic history of the Earth.

ES.4.1. Interpret and evaluate the nature of geologic time.

ES.4.2. Investigate the evolution of Earth.

ES.4.3. Interpret and evaluate the evidence for biological evolution in the fossil record.

ES.4.4. Demonstrate the effect of the environment on the formation and extinction of species.

TN.1.0. Geology: Maps: The student will develop map interpretation skills for topographic and geologic features.

G.1.1. Read and interpret topographic maps.

G.1.2. Investigate rock types, time periods, and faults from geologic maps.

G.1.3. Investigate technologies used to map various features.

G.1.4. Apply maps to solve land-use problems and for planning.

TN.2.0. Geology: Matter and Minerals: The student will explore matter and how it relates to the formation of minerals.

G.2.1. Investigate the atom as the basic building block of all matter.

G.2.2. Apply the periodic table as a learning tool.

G.2.3. Investigate the structure, geometry, and shape of crystals.

G.2.4. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of minerals.

G.2.5. Investigate the location, abundance, and use of minerals.

TN.3.0. Geology: Rocks and the Rock Cycle: The student will investigate the three rock classes and the rock cycle.

G.3.1. Identify and differentiate among the three rock classes.

G.3.2. Examine the processes responsible for forming the three rock classes.

G.3.3. Examine characteristics within each rock class.

G.3.4. Analyze and interpret the rock cycle.

TN.4.0. Geology: Geologic History: The student will explore the geologic history of the Earth and evidence of life through time.

G.4.1. Interpret and evaluate the nature of geologic time.

G.4.2. Investigate the evolution of Earth.

G.4.3. Investigate the history of life.

G.4.4. Interpret and evaluate the fossil record for evidence of biological evolution.

G.4.5. Demonstrate the effect of the environment in the formation and extinction of species through geologic time using fossils.

TN.5.0. Geology: Plate Tectonics: The student will relate the theory of plate tectonics to the evidence for continental drift and seafloor spreading.

G.5.1. Recognize different types of plate boundaries (e.g., divergent, convergent, and transform including continental vs. oceanic).

G.5.2. Interpret evidence for plate tectonics using paleomagnetism, fossil record, continental boundaries, and hot spots.

G.5.3. Recognize that convection currents are the driving mechanisms for plate tectonics.

G.5.4. Describe the processes associated with volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building.

TN.6.0. Geology: Landforms: The student will investigate landforms created by many different surficial processes and their relationships to various sources of energy in the Earth System.

G.6.1. Investigate the hydrosphere and its effect on various relationships to landforms.

G.6.2. Associate surface processes such as wind, glaciers, gravity, oceans, rivers, and mankind with resulting landforms.

G.6.3. Understand the role of groundwater.

TN.1.0. Environmental Science: Ecological Principles: The student will investigate factors that influence and are influenced by the natural environment.

Env.1.1. Understand the structure and function of ecosystems.

Env.1.2. Explore the major biomes of the earth and the biodiversity associated with these biomes.

Env.1.3. Analyze and interpret population dynamics.

Env.1.4. Relate earth processes to ecosystem dynamics.

Env.1.5. Understand interdependence in ecosystems.

Env.1.6. Explore factors affecting the vulnerability of a species to extinction.

TN.2.0. Environmental Science: Human Population Dynamics: The student will understand the nature of human population dynamics.

Env.2.1. Examine factors affecting human population dynamics.

Env.2.2. Consider the consequences of human population growth.

Env.2.3. Investigate approaches that address overpopulation.

TN.3.0. Environmental Science: Natural Resources: The student will survey non-energy natural resources and their conservation.

Env.3.1. Explore the types, uses, and history of non-energy renewable and nonrenewable resources.

Env.3.2. Investigate methods of conservation of common non-energy resources.

Env.3.3. Determine the impact of waste production and management on the environment.

TN.4.0. Environmental Science: Energy: The student will analyze energy use and its environmental consequences.

Env.4.1. Explore both conventional and alternative energy sources.

Env.4.2. Understand the types of energy related pollution.

Env.4.3. Compare various methods of energy conservation.

TN.5.0. Environmental Science: Human Interaction with the Environment: The student will trace the interaction of humans with their environment.

Env.5.1. Understand the causes, environmental effects, and methods for controlling pollution.

Env.5.2. Investigate the environmental impact on human health.

Env.5.3. Explore the relative sustainability of various practices in the areas of watershed management, agriculture, solid waste management, wastewater management, and development.

TN.6.0. Environmental Science: Personal and Civic Responsibility: The student will understand his/her personal and civic responsibility concerning issues related to the environment.

Env.6.1. Evaluate and articulate his/her own personal views concerning the environment.

Env.6.2. Recognize his/her rights and responsibilities as a citizen in maintaining a healthy environment.

TN.1.0. Ecology: Ecological Principles: The student will investigate factors that influence and are influenced by the natural environment.

E.1.1. Understand the structure and function of ecosystems.

E.1.2. Explore the major biomes of the earth and the biodiversity associated with these biomes.

E.1.3. Analyze and interpret population dynamics.

E.1.4. Relate earth processes to ecosystem dynamics.

E.1.5. Understand interdependence in ecosystems.

E.1.6. Explore factors affecting the vulnerability of a species to extinction.

TN.2.0. Ecology: Human Population Dynamics: The student will understand the nature of human population dynamics.

E.2.1. Examine factors affecting human population dynamics.

E.2.2. Consider the consequences of human population growth.

E.2.3. Investigate approaches that address overpopulation.

TN.3.0. Ecology: Natural Resources: The student will survey non-energy natural resources and their conservation.

E.3.1. Explore the types, uses, and history of non-energy renewable and nonrenewable resources.

E.3.2. Investigate methods of conservation of common non-energy resources.

E.3.3. Determine the impact of waste production and management on the environment.

TN.4.0. Ecology: Energy: The student will analyze energy use and its environmental consequences.

E.4.1. Explore both conventional and alternative energy sources.

E.4.2. Understand the types of energy related pollution.

E.4.3. Compare various methods of energy conservation.

TN.5.0. Ecology: Human Interaction with the Environment: The student will trace the interaction of humans with their environment.

E.5.1. Understand causes, environmental effects, and methods for controlling pollution.

E.5.2. Investigate the environmental impact on human health.

E.5.3. Explore the relative sustainability of various practices in the areas of watershed management, agriculture, solid waste management, wastewater management, and development.

TN.6.0. Ecology: Personal and Civic Responsibility: The student will conduct activities that illustrate environmental responsibility and stewardship.

E.6.1. Evaluate and articulate his/her own personal views concerning the environment.

E.6.2. Recognize his/her rights and responsibilities as a citizen in maintaining a healthy environment.

TN.1.0. Physical Science: Force and Motion: The student will explore the concepts of force and motion.

PS.1.1. Investigate the relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration.

PS.1.2. Analyze and apply Newton's three laws of motion.

PS.1.3. Relate gravitational force to mass and distance.

PS.1.4. Demonstrate the relationship between work, power, and machines.

PS.1.5. Examine the law of conservation of momentum in everyday situations.

TN.2.0. Physical Science: Structure and Properties of Matter: The student will examine the structure, properties, and classifications of matter.

PS.2.1. Classify and identify matter as a pure substance or a mixture.

PS.2.2. Explore matter in terms of specific properties.

TN.3.0. Physical Science: Interactions of Matter: The student will investigate the interactions of matter.

PS.3.1. Investigate chemical and physical changes.

PS.3.2. Analyze chemical equations.

PS.3.3. Compare and contrast acids and bases.

PS.3.4. Explore the laws of conservation of mass.

TN.4.0. Physical Science: Energy: The student will compare and contrast various forms of energy.

PS.4.1. Investigate the properties and behaviors of waves.

PS.4.2. Explore and explain the nature of sound and light energy.

PS.4.3. Examine the applications and effects of heat energy.

PS.4.4. Probe the fundamental principles and applications of electrical energy.

PS.4.5. Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

PS.4.6. Investigate the law of conservation of energy.

TN.1.0. Physics: Mechanics: The student will investigate the laws and properties of mechanics.

P.1.1. Investigate fundamental physical quantities of mass and time.

P.1.2. Analyze and apply Newton's three laws of motion.

P.1.3. Understand work, energy, and power.

P.1.4. Investigate kinematics and dynamics.

TN.2.0. Physics: Thermodynamics: The student will examine the properties and laws of thermodynamics.

P.2.1. Develop an understanding of heat and internal energy.

P.2.2. Compare Celsius, Kelvin and the Absolute temperature scales.

P.2.3. Investigate exchanges in internal energy.

TN.3.0. Physics: Waves and Sound: The student will investigate the properties of waves and sound.

P.3.1. Explore conditions associated with simple harmonic motion.

P.3.2. Investigate Hooke's law.

P.3.3. Understand wave mechanics.

P.3.4. Examine the Doppler Effect.

P.3.5. Explore the characteristics and properties of sound.

TN.4.0. Physics: Light and Optics: The student will examine the properties of light and optics.

P.4.1. Describe the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum.

P.4.2. Investigate the interaction of light waves.

P.4.3. Analyze the optics of mirrors.

P.4.4. Explore the optics of lenses.

P.4.5. Investigate the phenomenon of color.

TN.5.0. Physics: Electricity and Magnetism: The students will investigate electricity and magnetism.

P.5.1. Examine properties of electric forces, electric charges, and electric fields.

P.5.2. Explore the flow of charge and electric currents.

P.5.3. Investigate Ohm's law.

P.5.4. Compare and contrast series and parallel circuits.

P.5.5. Analyze schematic diagrams.

P.5.6. Understand magnetic poles, magnetic fields, and investigate electromagnetic induction.

TN.6.0. Physics: Nuclear Physics: The student will investigate the laws and properties of nuclear physics.

P.6.1. Investigate the properties and structure of the atom.

P.6.2. Compare and contrast the Bohr model and the quantum model of the atom.

P.6.3. Explore the dynamics of the nucleus: radioactivity, nuclear decay, radiocarbon/uranium dating and half-life.

P.6.4. Compare and contrast nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

P.6.5. Investigate the quantum theory.

TN.1.0. Scientific Research: Ethical Practices: The student will demonstrate ethical practices.

SR.1.1. Critically examine data to determine its significance.

SR.1.2. Repeat trials to enhance the reliability of data.

SR.1.3. Recognize that in science one solution often leads to new questions.

SR.1.4. Employ ethical practices with research and investigations that involve human or animal subjects and/or hazardous/bio-hazardous materials.

SR.1.5. Follow safety procedures in the classroom, laboratory, and home environments.

SR.1.6. Respect and understand copyright and patent laws.

TN.2.0. Scientific Research: Critical Thinking Skills: The student will identify and clarify problems using critical thinking skills.

SR.2.1. Use scientific instruments for extending the human senses in observation.

SR.2.2. Recognize limits to scientific investigations.

SR.2.3. Use technological tools and mathematical models to analyze problems or questions.

SR.2.4. Evaluate safety implications and risks associated with a question.

SR.2.5. Analyze and study classical problems.

TN.3.0. Scientific Research: Scientific Inquiry: The student will design and implement a strategy for solving a scientific problem or a strategy for answering a scientific question.

SR.3.1. Practice appropriate safety procedures.

SR.3.2. Formulate a working hypothesis to guide research.

SR.3.3. Develop experimental procedures to test hypothesis.

SR.3.4. Collect data using a variety of scientific tools.

SR.3.5. Verify data for accuracy.

TN.4.0. Scientific Research: Analyzing and Evaluating Data: The student will develop abilities to analyze and evaluate data.

SR.4.1. Use statistical analysis to analyze and interpret data accurately.

SR.4.2. Evaluate data based in terms of accuracy and precision.

SR.4.3. Make conclusions based on data analysis and evaluations.

TN.5.0. Scientific Research: Communicating Scientific Results: The student will publish, present, and communicate results of a scientific investigation.

SR.5.1. Present scientific reports in a clear, accurate, and appropriate manner to a variety of audiences.

SR.5.2. Communicate findings in order to extend the research base.