New Jersey State Standards for Social Studies: Grade 7

NJ.6.1. Social Studies Skills: All students will utilize historical thinking, problem solving, and research skills to maximize their understanding of civics, history, geography, and economics.

6.1.A. Social Studies Skills

6.1.A.1. Analyze how events are related over time. 12
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.1.

6.1.A.2. Use critical thinking skills to interpret events, recognize bias, point of view, and context. 30
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.2.

6.1.A.3. Assess the credibility of primary and secondary sources. 30
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.3.

6.1.A.4. Analyze data in order to see persons and events in context. 13
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.4.

6.1.A.5. Examine current issues, events, or themes and relate them to past events. 90
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.5.

6.1.A.6. Formulate questions based on information needs. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.6.

6.1.A.7. Use effective strategies for locating information. 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.7.

6.1.A.8. Compare and contrast competing interpretations of current and historical events. 80
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.8.

6.1.A.9. Interpret events considering continuity and change, the role of chance, oversight and error, and changing interpretations by historians. 145
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.9.

6.1.A.10. Distinguish fact from fiction by comparing sources about figures and events with fictionalized characters and events. 32
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.10.

6.1.A.11. Summarize information in written, graphic, and oral formats. 26
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.1.A.11.

NJ.6.2. Civics: All students will know, understand and appreciate the values and principles of American democracy and the rights, responsibilities, and roles of a citizen in the nation and the world.

6.2.A. Civic Life, Politics, and Government

6.2.A.1. Discuss the sources, purposes, and functions of law and the importance of the rule of law for the preservation of individual rights and the common good. 25
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.1.

6.2.A.2. Describe the underlying values and principles of democracy and distinguish these from authoritarian forms of government. 58
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.2.

6.2.A.3. Discuss the major characteristics of democratic governments. 69
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.3.

6.2.A.4. Describe the processes of local government. 7
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.4.

6.2.A.5. Discuss examples of domestic policies and agencies that impact American lives, including the Environmental Protection Agency (e.g., clean air and water), the Department of Labor (e.g., minimum wage) and the Internal Revenue Service (e.g., Social Security, income tax). 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.5.

6.2.A.6. Explain how non-governmental organizations influence legislation and policies at the federal, state, and local levels. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.A.6.

6.2.B. American Values and Principles

6.2.B.1. Analyze how certain values including individual rights, the common good, self-government, justice, equality and free inquiry are fundamental to American public life. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.B.1.

6.2.B.2. Describe representative government and explain how it works to protect the majority and the minority. 74
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.B.2.

6.2.B.3. Describe the continuing struggle to bring all groups of Americans into the mainstream of society with the liberties and equality to which all are entitled, as exemplified by individuals such as Susan B. Anthony, Frederick Douglass, Nat Turner, Paul Robeson, and Cesar Chavez. 26
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.B.3.

6.2.C. The Constitution and American Democracy

6.2.C.1. Discuss the major principles of the Constitution, including shared powers, checks and balances, separation of church and state, and federalism. 11
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.1.

6.2.C.2. Compare and contrast the purposes, organization, functions, and interactions of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of national, state, and local governments and independent regulatory agencies. 64
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.2.

6.2.C.3. Discuss the role of political parties in the American democratic system including candidates, campaigns, financing, primary elections, and voting systems. 63
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.3.

6.2.C.4. Discuss major historical and contemporary conflicts over United States constitutional principles, including judicial review in Marbury v. Madison, slavery in the Dred Scott Decision, separate but equal in Plessy v. Ferguson, and the rights of minorities in the Indian Removal Act. 13
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.4.

6.2.C.5. Discuss major historical and contemporary conflicts over New Jersey constitutional principles (e.g., the impact of the New Jersey School Law of 1881 which required integration in the state's public schools, Hedgepeth and Williams v. Trenton Board of Education, the Mount Laurel Decision, Jackman v. Bodine, Abbott v. Burke). 1
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.5.

6.2.C.6. Research contemporary issues involving the constitutional rights of American citizens and other individuals residing in the United States, including voting rights, habeas corpus, rights of the accused, and the Patriot Act. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.C.6.

6.2.D. Citizenship

6.2.D.1. Discuss the rights and responsibilities of American citizens, including obeying laws, paying taxes, serving on juries, and voting in local, state, and national elections. 58
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.D.1.

6.2.D.2. Discuss how the rights of American citizens may be in conflict with each other (e.g., right to privacy vs. free press). 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.D.2.

6.2.D.3. Describe major conflicts that have arisen from diversity (e.g., land and suffrage for Native Americans, civil rights, women's rights) and discuss how the conflicts have been addressed. 20
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.D.3.

6.2.D.4. Explain the benefits, costs, and conflicts of a diverse nation. 63
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.D.4.

6.2.D.5. Discuss basic contemporary issues involving the personal, political, and economic rights of American citizens (e.g., dress codes, sexual harassment, fair trial, free press, minimum wage). 11
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.D.5.

6.2.E. International Education: Global Challenges, Cultures, and Connections

6.2.E.1. Analyze ways in which nation-states interact with one another through trade, diplomacy, cultural exchanges, treaties or agreements, humanitarian aid, economic incentives and sanctions, and the use or threat of military force. 37
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.1.

6.2.E.2. Discuss factors that lead to a breakdown of order among nation-states (e.g., conflicts about national interests, ethnicity, and religion; competition for territory or resources; absence of effective means to enforce international law) and describe the consequences of the breakdown of order. 22
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.2.

6.2.E.3. Compare and contrast the powers the Constitution gives to Congress, the President, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and the federal judiciary regarding foreign affairs. 74
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.3.

6.2.E.4. Evaluate current United States foreign policy issues and strategies and their impact on the nation and the rest of the world. 36
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.4.

6.2.E.5. Discuss the purposes and functions of major international organizations (e.g., United Nations, World Health Organization, International Red Cross, Amnesty International) and the role of the United States within each. 19
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.5.

6.2.E.6. Describe how one's heritage includes personal history and experiences, culture, customs, and family background. 44
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.6.

6.2.E.7. Analyze how the life, culture, economics, politics, and the media of the United States impact the rest of the world. 18
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.7.

6.2.E.8. Discuss how global challenges are interrelated, complex, and changing and that even local issues may have a global dimension (e.g., environmental issues, transportation). 50
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.8.

6.2.E.9. Discuss how cultures may change and that individuals may identify with more than one culture. 43
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.9.

6.2.E.10. Engage in activities that foster understanding of various cultures (e.g., clubs, dance groups, sports, travel, community celebrations). 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.10.

6.2.E.11. Discuss the impact of the Internet and technology on global communication. 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.11.

6.2.E.12. Discuss the impact of stereotyping on relationships, achievement, and life goals. 6
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.12.

6.2.E.13. Analyze how prejudice and discrimination may lead to genocide as well as other acts of hatred and violence for the purposes of subjugation and exploitation. 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.2.E.13.

NJ.6.3. World History: All students will demonstrate knowledge of world history in order to understand life and events in the past and how they relate to the present and the future.

6.3.A. The Birth of Civilization to 1000 BCE

6.3.A.1. Describe the physical and cultural changes that shaped the earliest human communities as revealed through scientific methods. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.A.1.

6.3.A.2. Describe how environmental conditions impacted the development of different human communities (e.g., population centers, impact of the last Ice Age). 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.A.2.

6.3.A.3. Compare and contrast the economic, political, and environmental factors (e.g., climate, trade, geography) that led to the development of major ancient civilizations including Mesopotamia (e.g., Hammurabi's Code), Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Yellow River, and Kush (Nubia). 24
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.A.3.

6.3.B. Early Human Societies to 500CE

6.3.B.1. Explain the historical context, origins, beliefs, and moral teachings of the major world religions and philosophies. 50
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.1.

6.3.B.2. Describe the political framework of Athenian society and its influence on modern society. 19
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.2.

6.3.B.3. Describe the social and political characteristics of the Greek city-states. 23
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.3.

6.3.B.4. Describe the significant contributions of ancient Greece to Western Civilization. 22
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.4.

6.3.B.5. Discuss the cultural influences of Greece, Egypt, Persia, and India on Mediterranean cultures through assimilation, conquest, migration, and trade. 48
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.5.

6.3.B.6. Discuss the origins and social framework of Roman society. 21
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.6.

6.3.B.7. Describe the political and social framework of Roman society. 20
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.7.

6.3.B.8. Analyze how shifts in the political framework of Roman society impacted the expansion of the empire and how this expansion transformed Roman society, economy, and culture. 9
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.8.

6.3.B.9. Discuss the political events that may have contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire, including internal divisions, significant battles, invasions, and political changes. 13
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.9.

6.3.B.10. Describe the development of the Mayan civilization from agricultural community to an urban civilization, including the influence of the environment on agricultural methods, water utilization, and herding methods. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.10.

6.3.B.11. Describe the significant features of Mayan civilization, including the locations of Mayan city-states, road systems, and sea routes, the role and status of elite men and women in Mayan society and their portrayal in Mayan architecture, the role of religion and ceremonial games in Mayan culture, and the structure and purpose of the Mayan pyramids. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.B.11.

6.3.C. Expanding Zones of Exchange and Interaction to 1400 CE

6.3.C.1. Discuss how Western civilization arose from a synthesis of Christianity and classical Greco-Roman civilization with the cultures of northern European peoples. 12
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.1.

6.3.C.2. Discuss the spread of Islam in Southwest Asia, the Mediterranean region, and Northern Africa and the influence of Islamic ideas and practices on other cultures and social behavior. 25
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.2.

6.3.C.3. Discuss the significance of the developing cultures of Asia, including the Golden Age in China and spread of Chinese civilization to Japan, Korea, and Southeast Asia and the rise of the Mongol Empire and its impact on the Kievan Rus. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.3.

6.3.C.4. Analyze the rise of the West African Empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay and compare with changes in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. 34
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.4.

6.3.C.5. Analyze the relationships between Mesoamerican and Andean societies. 12
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.5.

6.3.C.6. Explain the medieval origins of constitutional government in England (e.g., Edward I, Magna Carta, Model Parliament of 1295, Common Law). 9
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.6.

6.3.C.7. Discuss the evolution of significant political, economic, social and cultural institutions and events that shaped European medieval society, including Catholic and Byzantine churches, feudalism and manorialism, the Crusades, the rise of cities, and changing technology. 39
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.C.7.

6.3.D. The Age of Global Encounters (1400-1750)

6.3.D.1. Discuss factors that contributed to oceanic travel and exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries, including technological innovations in ship building navigation, naval warfare, navigational inventions such as the compass, and the impact of wind currents on the major trade routes. 21
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.D.1.

6.3.D.2. Describe the significant contributions of the Renaissance and Reformation to European society, including major achievements in literature, music, painting, sculpture, and architecture. 21
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.D.2.

6.3.D.3. Compare the social and political elements of Incan and Aztec societies, including the major aspects of government, the role of religion, daily life, economy, and social organization. 6
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.3.D.3.

NJ.6.4. United States and New Jersey History: All students will demonstrate knowledge of United States and New Jersey history in order to understand life and events in the past and how they relate to the present and future.

6.4.A. Family and Community Life

6.4.B. State and Nation

6.4.C. Many Worlds Meet (to 1620)

6.4.C.1. Discuss factors that stimulated European overseas explorations between the 15th and 17th centuries and the impact of that exploration on the modern world. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.1.

6.4.C.2. Trace the major land and water routes of the explorers. 18
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.2.

6.4.C.3. Compare the political, social, economic, and religious systems of Africans, Europeans, and Native Americans who converged in the western hemisphere after 1492 (e.g., civic values, population levels, family structure, communication, use of natural resources). 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.3.

6.4.C.4. Discuss the characteristics of the Spanish and Portuguese exploration and conquest of the Americas, including Spanish interaction with the Incan and Aztec empires, expeditions in the American Southwest, and the social composition of early settlers and their motives for exploration and conquest. 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.4.

6.4.C.5. Describe the migration of the ancestors of the Lenape Indians and their culture at the time of first contact with Europeans. 7
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.5.

6.4.C.6. Compare and contrast historic Native American groups of the West, Southwest, Northwest, Arctic and sub-Arctic, Great Plains, and Eastern Woodland regions at the beginning of European exploration. 23
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.6.

6.4.C.7. Analyze the cultures and interactions of peoples in the Americas, Western Europe, and Africa after 1450 including the transatlantic slave trade. 9
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.7.

6.4.C.8. Discuss how millions of Africans, brought against their will from Central Africa to the Americas, including Brazil, Caribbean nations, North America and other destinations, retained their humanity, their families, and their cultures during enslavement. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.C.8.

6.4.D. Colonization and Settlement (1585-1763)

6.4.D.1. Analyze the political, social, and cultural characteristics of the English colonies. 27
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.1.

6.4.D.2. Describe the political, religious, social, and economic institutions that emerged in Colonial America, including New Netherland and colonial New Jersey. 15
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.2.

6.4.D.3. Explain the differences in colonization of the Americas by England, the Netherlands, France, and Spain, including governance, relation to the mother countries, and interactions with other colonies and Native Americans. 26
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.3.

6.4.D.4. Examine the interactions between Native Americans and European settlers, such as agriculture, trade, cultural exchanges, and military alliances and conflicts. 7
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.4.

6.4.D.5. Describe Native American resistance to colonization, including the Cherokee War against the English, the French and Indian War, and King George's War. 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.5.

6.4.D.6. Identify factors that account for the establishment of African slavery in the Americas. 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.D.6.

6.4.D.7. Discuss Spanish exploration, settlement, and missions in the American Southwest.

6.4.E. Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820)

6.4.E.1. Discuss the background and major issues of the American Revolution, including the political and economic causes and consequences of the revolution. 29
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.1.

6.4.E.2. Discuss the major events (e.g. Boston Tea Party, Battle of Trenton) and personalities (e.g., George Washington, John Adams, John Witherspoon, William Franklin, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson) of the American Revolution. 24
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.2.

6.4.E.3. Identify major British and American leaders and describe their roles in key events, such as the First and Second Continental Congresses, drafting and approving the Declaration of Independence (1776), the publication of 'Common Sense,' and major battles of the Revolutionary War. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.3.

6.4.E.4. Explain New Jersey's critical role in the American Revolution, including major battles, the involvement of women and African Americans, and the origins of the movement to abolish slavery. 3
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.4.

6.4.E.5. Discuss the political and philosophical origins of the United States Constitution and its implementation in the 1790s. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.5.

6.4.E.6. Describe and map American territorial expansions and the settlement of the frontier during this period. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.6.

6.4.E.7. Analyze the causes and consequences of continuing conflict between Native American tribes and colonists (e.g., Tecumseh's rebellion). 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.7.

6.4.E.8. Discuss the background and major issues of the War of 1812 (e.g., sectional issues, role of Native Americans). 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.E.8.

6.4.F. Expansion and Reform (1801-1861)

6.4.F.1. Describe the political, economic, and social changes in New Jersey and American society preceding the Civil War, including the early stages of industrialization, the growth of cities, and the political, legal, and social controversies surrounding the expansion of slavery. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.1.

6.4.F.2. Discuss American cultural, religious, and social reform movements in the antebellum period (e.g., abolitionists, the Second Great Awakening, the origins of the labor and women's movements). 15
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.2.

6.4.F.3. Explain the concept of the Manifest Destiny and its relationship to the westward movement of settlers and territorial expansion, including the purchase of Florida (1819), the annexation of Texas (1845), the acquisition of the Oregon Territory (1846), and territorial acquisition resulting from the Mexican War (1846-1848). 31
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.3.

6.4.F.4. Explain the characteristics of political and social reform movements in the antebellum period in New Jersey, including the 1844 State Constitution, the temperance movement, the abolition movement, and the women's rights movement. 24
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.4.

6.4.F.5. Explain the importance of internal improvements on the transformation of New Jersey's economy through New Jersey's two canals and the Camden and Amboy Railroad.

6.4.F.6. Discuss the economic history of New Jersey, including growth of major industries and businesses, the lives of factory workers, and occupations of working people.

6.4.F.7. Compare political interests and views regarding the War of 1812 (e.g., US responses to shipping harassment, interests of Native Americans and white settlers in the Northwest Territory). 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.7.

6.4.F.8. Discuss sectional compromises associated with westward expansion of slavery, such as the Missouri Compromise (1820) and the continued resistance to slavery by African Americans (e.g., Amistad Revolt).

6.4.F.9. Describe and map the continuing territorial expansion and settlement of the frontier, including the acquisition of new territories and conflicts with Native Americans, the Louisiana Purchase, the Lewis and Clark expedition, and the California gold rush. 11
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.9.

6.4.F.10. Explain how state and federal policies influenced various Native American tribes (e.g., homeland vs. resettlement, Black Hawk War, Trail of Tears). 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.10.

6.4.F.11. Understand the institution of slavery in the United States, resistance to it, and New Jersey's role in the Underground Railroad. 44
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.F.11.

6.4.G. Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877)

6.4.G.1. Explain the major events, issues, and personalities of the American Civil War. 30
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.G.1.

6.4.G.2. Analyze different points of view in regard to New Jersey's role in the Civil War, including abolitionist sentiment in New Jersey and New Jersey's vote in the elections of 1860 and 1864. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.G.2.

6.4.G.3. Explain Reconstruction as a government action, how it worked, and its effects after the war. 14
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.G.3.

6.4.G.4. Discuss the impact of retaliatory state laws and general Southern resistance to Reconstruction. 19
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.G.4.

6.4.G.5. Discuss the Dawes Act of 1887, how it attempted to assimilate Native Americans by converting tribal lands to individual ownership, and its impact on Native Americans. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.4.G.5.

NJ.6.5. Economics: All students will acquire an understanding of key economic principles.

6.5.A. Economic Literacy

6.5.A.1. Discuss how needs and wants change as one ages and the impact of planning, spending and saving. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.1.

6.5.A.2. Explain the law of supply and demand. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.2.

6.5.A.3. Compare ways to save money, including checking and savings accounts, stocks and bonds, and the relationship between risk and return in investments. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.3.

6.5.A.4. Describe the role credit plays in the economy and explain the difference in cost between cash and credit purchases. 12
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.4.

6.5.A.5. Discuss the economic growth of a nation in terms of increasing productivity, investment in physical capital, and investment in human capital. 18
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.5.

6.5.A.6. Describe how private industry acquires material and energy resources, provides jobs, raises financial capital, manages production processes, and markets goods and services that create wealth in order to meet consumer and industrial requirements. 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.6.

6.5.A.7. Discuss how innovation, entrepreneurship, competition, customer satisfaction, and continuous improvement in productivity are responsible for the rise in the standard of living in the United States and other countries with market economies. 15
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.7.

6.5.A.8. Compare and contrast the characteristics of the three basic economic systems: traditional or barter and trade, market capitalism, and command (e.g., communism). 11
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.8.

6.5.A.9. Explain what taxes are, how they are collected, and how tax dollars are used by local, state, and national governments to provide goods and services. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.A.9.

6.5.B. Economics and Society

6.5.B.1. Discuss how meeting the needs and wants of a growing world population impacts the environment and economic growth. 7
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.1.

6.5.B.2. Describe the many ways federal, state, and local governments raise funds to meet the need for public facilities and government services. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.2.

6.5.B.3. Discuss how societies have been affected by industrialization and by different political and economic philosophies. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.3.

6.5.B.4. Describe how inventions and innovations have improved standards of living over the course of history. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.4.

6.5.B.5. Compare and contrast various careers, examining educational requirements and costs, salary and benefits, longevity, impact on society and the economy, and demand. 25
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.5.

6.5.B.6. Analyze and give examples of how business and industry influence the buying decisions of consumers through advertising. 2
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.6.

6.5.B.7. Discuss the need for ethical behavior in economic decisions and financial transactions 2
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.5.B.7.

NJ.6.6. Geography: All students will apply knowledge of spatial relationships and other geographic skills to understand human behavior in relation to the physical and cultural environment.

6.6.A. The World in Spatial Terms

6.6.A.1. Distinguish among the distinct characteristics of maps, globes, graphs, charts, diagrams, and other geographical representations, and the utility of each in solving problems. 41
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.1.

6.6.A.2. Translate maps into appropriate spatial graphics to display geographical information. 41
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.2.

6.6.A.3. Explain the spatial concepts of relative and absolute location and distance. 41
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.3.

6.6.A.4. Estimate distances between two places on a map using a scale of miles, and use cardinal and intermediate directions when referring to a relative location. 40
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.4.

6.6.A.5. Use geographic tools and technologies to pose and answer questions about spatial distributions and patterns on Earth. 40
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.5.

6.6.A.6. Distinguish among the major map types, including physical, political, topographic, and demographic. 40
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.6.

6.6.A.7. Explain the distribution of major human and physical features at country and global scales. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.7.

6.6.A.8. Use thematic maps to describe places (e.g., patterns of population, diseases, rainfall). 40
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.8.

6.6.A.9. Describe and distinguish among the various map projections, including size, shape, distance, and direction. 40
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.9.

6.6.A.10. Describe location technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS). 6
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.10.

6.6.A.11. Describe the significance of the major cities of New Jersey, the United States, and the world. 24
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.A.11.

6.6.B. Places and Regions

6.6.B.1. Compare and contrast the physical and human characteristics of places in regions in New Jersey, the United States, and the world.

6.6.B.2. Describe how regions change over time. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.B.2.

6.6.B.3. Compare the natural characteristics used to define a region. 5
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.B.3.

6.6.B.4. Explain how regional systems are interconnected (e.g., watersheds, trade, transportation systems). 2
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.B.4.

6.6.B.5. Discuss how the geography of New Jersey impacts transportation, industry, and community development.

6.6.B.6. Discuss the similarities and differences among rural, suburban, and urban communities.

6.6.B.7. Describe the types of regions and the influence and effects of region labels. 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.B.7.

6.6.C. Physical Systems

6.6.C.1. Describe the characteristics and spatial distribution of major Earth ecosystems. 29
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.C.1.

6.6.C.2. Discuss how ecosystems function locally and globally. 29
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.C.2.

6.6.C.3. Predict effects of physical processes and changes on the Earth. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.C.3.

6.6.C.4. Discuss how the community and its environment function as an ecosystem. 17
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.C.4.

6.6.C.5. Describe how the physical environment affects life in different regions (e.g., population density, architecture, transportation systems, industry, building materials, land use, recreation). 12
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.C.5.

6.6.D. Human Systems

6.6.D.1. Discuss how technology affects the ways in which people perceive and use places and regions. 15
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.1.

6.6.D.2. Analyze demographic characteristics to explain reasons for variations between populations. 10
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.2.

6.6.D.3. Compare and contrast the primary geographic causes for world trade. 4
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.3.

6.6.D.4. Analyze the patterns of settlement in different urban regions of the world. 19
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.4.

6.6.D.5. Discuss how and why people cooperate, but also engage in conflict, to control the Earth's surface. 49
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.5.

6.6.D.6. Compare the patterns and processes of past and present human migration. 50
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.6.

6.6.D.7. Explain and identify examples of global interdependence. 24
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.7.

6.6.D.8. Describe how physical and human characteristics of regions change over time. 11
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.D.8.

6.6.E. Environment and Society

6.6.E.1. Discuss the environmental impacts or intended and unintended consequences of major technological changes (e.g., autos and fossil fuels, nuclear power and nuclear waste). 141
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.1.

6.6.E.2. Analyze the impact of various human activities and social policies on the natural environment and describe how humans have attempted to solve environmental problems through adaptation and modification. 14
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.2.

6.6.E.3. Compare and contrast conservation practices and alternatives for energy resources. 223
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.3.

6.6.E.4. Compare and contrast various ecosystems and describe their interrelationship and interdependence. 29
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.4.

6.6.E.5. Describe world, national, and local patterns of resource distribution and utilization, and discuss the political and social impact. 3
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.5.

6.6.E.6. Analyze the importance of natural and manufactured resources in New Jersey.

6.6.E.7. Delineate and evaluate the issues involved with sprawl, open space, and smart growth in New Jersey. 8
Suggested Titles for New Jersey Social Studies State Standard 6.6.E.7.