Colorado State Standards for Social Studies: Kindergarten

CO.1. Civics: Students understand the purposes of government, and the basic constitutional principles of the United States republican form of government.

1.1. Students know and understand what government is and what purpose it serves. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.1.1. Describing the purposes of government 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.1.

1.1.2. Describing what life would be like without laws and order 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.2.

1.1.3. Identifying a constitution as a framework for a government. 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.3.

1.2. Students know the essential characteristics of limited and unlimited government. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.2.1. Giving examples of people using power and people using authority (for example, school crossing guards have authority to direct traffic, while bullies have power, but not authority) 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.1.

1.2.2. Explaining why the power of a government should be limited (for example, to limit the misuse or abuse of power) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.2.

1.3. Students understand the principles of the United States constitutional government. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.3.1. Identifying the function of the United States Constitution (for example, establishes the rules of the United States government) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.1.

1.3.2. Giving examples of rights protected by a constitution (for example, U.S. Bill of Rights, the state constitution).

1.4. Students know the distinctive characteristics of the political culture of the United States. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.4.1. Explaining the importance of respect for individuals, property, rule of law, and civic responsibility. 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.4.1.

1.5. Students know the fundamental democratic principles inherent in the United States concept of a constitutional democratic republic. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.5.1. Identifying traditional ideas of representative government of the United States (for example, individual rights, common or public good, self-government, justice, equality of opportunity) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.5.1.

1.5.2. Giving examples of traditional principles of representative government of the United States (for example, people are sovereign, government power is limited, exercise of authority directly by voting, indirect authority by representation, majority rule, and minority rights protected). 1
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.5.2.

CO.2. Civics: Students know the structure and function of local, state, and national government and how citizen involvement shapes public policy.

2.1. Students know the organization and functions of local, state, and national governments. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.1.1. Identifying what governments do in their school, community, state, and nation what services they provide how we pay for them. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.1.

2.2. Students know how power, authority, and responsibility are distributed, shared, and limited through federalism as established by the United States Constitution. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.2.1. Identifying limits of authority for the self, school, community, state. 21
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.1.

2.3. Students know and understand the place of law in the Colorado and United States constitutional systems. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.3.1. Identifying people and groups who apply and enforce rules and laws as government (for example, police, judges, legislatures, mayors, principals) 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.1.

2.3.2. Explaining why we have classroom and school rules 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.2.

2.3.3. Identifying what makes a good rule or law. 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.3.

2.4. Students know how public policy is developed at the local, state, and national levels. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.4.1. Identifying how people monitor and influence decisions of their government (for example, read, follow issues, have discussions, vote, and contact elected representatives). 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.4.1.

CO.3. Civics: Students know the political relationship of the United States and its citizens to other nations and to world affairs.

3.1. Students know how and why governments and nongovernmental agencies around the world interact politically. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.1.1. Identifying examples of international issues. 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.1.

3.2. Students understand how the United States government develops foreign policy. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.2.1. Identifying examples of how the United States interacts with other countries (for example, trade and culture). 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.1.

3.3. Students understand the domestic and foreign policy influence the United States has on other nations and how the actions of other nations influence politics and society of the United States. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.3.1. Describing ways in which the United States and other countries politically influence each other (for example, making a treaty, trade). 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.3.1.

CO.4. Civics: Students understand how citizens exercise the roles, rights and responsibilities of participation in civic life at all levels - local, state, and national.

4.1. Students know what citizenship is. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.1.1. Identifying the criteria for citizenship in the United States 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.1.

4.1.2. Explaining how students are citizens in the classroom, school, community, and state (for example, civic virtue, common courtesy, and honest and fair dealings). 42
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.2.

4.2. Students know how citizens can fulfill their responsibilities for preserving the constitutional republic. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.2.1. Giving examples of civic responsibilities that are important to themselves, their families, community, and state 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.2.1.

4.2.2. Identifying important characteristics of an effective citizen that help preserve and strengthen the United States constitutional republic (for example, being involved, informed). 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.2.2.

4.3. Students know how citizens can exercise their rights. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.3.1. Identifying important individual economic, personal, and political rights (for example, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, right to own property). 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.3.1.

4.4. Students know how citizens can participate in civic life. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.4.1. Identifying ways in which they could take an active part in improving their school and community 29
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.4.1.

4.4.2. Identifying criteria useful in selecting leaders within school. 39
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.4.2.

CO.1. Economics: Students understand that because of the condition of scarcity, decisions must be made about the use of scarce resources.

1.1. Students know that economic choices are made because resources are scarce and that the act of making economic choices imposes opportunity costs. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.1.1. Identifying goods and services and giving examples of each 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.1.

1.1.2. Showing what happens when there are limited resources and unlimited wants and needs 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.2.

1.1.3. Giving an example of the opportunity cost for an individual decision (for example, choosing to use money to go to the movies may result in not having enough money to eat at a restaurant). 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.3.

1.2. Students understand that economic incentives influence the use of scarce human, capital, and natural resources. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.2.1. Giving examples of different economic incentives (for example, landowners are paid rent for the use of their land, people who work are paid a wage, people who save money are paid interest, and successful businesses such as a lemonade stand make a profit). 1
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.1.

1.3. Students understand that resources can be used in many ways and understand the costs of alternative uses. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.3.1. Describing how consequences of economic choices may affect the future (for example, using allowance money today for ice cream and candy will not generate savings for a bike in the future) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.1.

1.3.2. Identifying similar resources that can be used in a variety of ways (for example, a piece of vacant land can be used to build a office building, a park, a parking lot, a shopping mall or a soccer field). 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.2.

CO.2. Economics: Students understand how different economic systems impact decisions about the use of resources and the production and distribution of goods and services.

2.1. Students understand that different economic systems employ different means to produce, distribute, and exchange goods and services. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.1.1. Identifying the three basic economic questions all economic systems must answer: (What goods and services will be produced? How will they be produced? For whom will they be produced?) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.1.

2.1.2. Identifying different economic systems (for example, command, market, and traditional). 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.2.

2.2. Students understand the fundamental characteristics of the United States economic system. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.2.1. Describing roles of consumers and producers in the U.S. economic system 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.1.

2.2.2. Describing how the price of goods and services in our U.S. economic system is related to how much of a product or resource there is, and how many people want it. 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.2.

2.3. Students understand that government actions and policies, including taxes, spending, and regulations influence the operation of economies. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.3.1. Recognizing that some goods and services are provided by the government (for example, firefighters, parks, police, and public schools) 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.1.

2.3.2. Explaining that government raises revenue by taxing and borrowing to pay for the goods and services it provides. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.2.

CO.3. Economics: Students understand the results of trade, exchange, and interdependence among individuals, households, businesses, governments, and societies.

3.1. Students understand that the exchange of goods and services creates economic interdependence and change. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.1.1. Describing how voluntary exchange of goods and services affects all parties involved in the exchange (for example, by exchanging clothing for food both parties in the exchange have benefited) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.1.

3.1.2. Describing the interdependence between households and businesses 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.2.

3.1.3. Describing how the exchange of goods and services around the world creates interdependence among people in different places (for example, the production of a candy bar requires ingredients from around the world).

3.2. Students understand how a country's monetary system facilitates the exchange of resources. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.2.1. Giving examples of barter as a simple form of exchange 34
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.1.

3.2.2. Explaining the concept of money 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.2.

3.2.3. Giving examples of the mediums of exchange in the U.S. 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.3.

3.2.4. Recognizing that different countries use different currencies. 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.4.

CO.1. Geography: Students know how to use and construct maps, globes, and other geographic tools to locate and derive information about people, places, and environments.

1.1. Students know how to use maps, globes, and other geographic tools to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.1.1. Identifying the characteristics and purposes of maps, globes, and other geographic tools 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.1.

1.1.2. Reading and interpreting information from photographs, maps, globes, graphs, models, and computer programs, if available 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.2.

1.1.3. Displaying information on maps, globes, and geographic models, and in graphs, diagrams, and charts (for example designing map keys and legends). 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.3.

1.2. Students develop knowledge of Earth to locate people, places, and environments. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.2.1. Identifying major geographic features 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.1.

1.2.2. Locating places within their own and nearby communities in Colorado 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.2.

1.2.3. Locating Colorado in relation to the U.S. and the rest of the world 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.3.

1.2.4. Drawing a map of continents and oceans 22
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.4.

1.2.5. Identifying a specific location on a map using grids. 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.5.

1.3. Students know how to analyze the dynamic spatial organization of people, places, and environments. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.3.1. Defining basic geographic vocabulary such as the concepts of location, direction, distance, scale, movement, and region using appropriate words and diagrams 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.1.

1.3.2. Describing how places are connected by the movement of goods and services, ideas and people 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.2.

1.3.3. Making and defending locational decisions for human activity (for example, where one would locate a new piece of playground equipment). 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.3.

CO.2. Geography: Students know the physical and human characteristics of places, and use this knowledge to define and study regions and their patterns of change.

2.1. Students know the physical and human characteristics of places. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.1.1. Identifying and classifying the characteristics of places as human or physical 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.1.

2.1.2. Describing how human and physical processes together shape places (for example, reforestation may prevent erosion on slopes in Colorado). 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.2.

2.2. Students know how and why people define regions. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.2.1. Identifying a region as an area with unifying geographic characteristics

2.2.2. Describing similarities, differences, and patterns of change in regions.

2.3. Students know how culture and experience influence people's perceptions of places and regions. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.3.1. Identifying ways in which different people view and relate to places and regions. 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.1.

CO.3. Geography: Students understand how physical processes shape Earth's surface patterns and systems.

3.1. Students know the physical processes that shape Earth's surface patterns. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.1.1. Identifying the components of Earth's physical systems and their characteristics (for example, air, land, water, plants, and animals and their features) 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.1.

3.1.2. Explaining how Earth-Sun relationships shape climate and vegetation patterns (for example, as compared with other regions, polar regions receive low amounts of sun's energy and thus support little vegetation) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.2.

3.1.3. Describing how features on Earth's surface are shaped by physical processes (for example, wet regions have many rivers). 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.3.

3.2. Students know the characteristics and distributions of physical systems of land, air, water, plants, and animals. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.2.1. Identifying characteristics of physical systems (for example, water cycle) 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.1.

3.2.2. Describing local environmental features and identifying the physical system to which they belong (for example, a lake which is part of the water cycle) 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.2.

3.2.3. Comparing patterns and distribution of environments within a physical system (for example, groups of plant and animal life found in Colorado). 38
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.3.

CO.4. Geography: Students understand how economic, political, cultural, and social processes interact to shape patterns of human populations, interdependence, cooperation, and conflict.

4.1. Students know the characteristics, location, distribution, and migration of human populations. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.1.1. Identifying the distribution of population, both locally and in other parts of the world 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.1.

4.1.2. Identifying the characteristics of populations, both locally and in other parts of the world 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.2.

4.1.3. Identifying the causes of human migration. 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.3.

4.2. Students know the nature and spatial distribution of cultural patterns. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.2.1. Identifying how the elements of culture affect the ways in which people live 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.2.1.

4.2.2. Describing how patterns of culture vary across Earth's surface (for example, using thematic maps to show patterns of language, religion, and housing types in a community). 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.2.2.

4.3. Students know the patterns and networks of economic interdependence. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.3.1. Identifying the location and distribution of major economic activities in Colorado 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.3.1.

4.3.2. Describing economic networks used in daily life (for example, transportation and communication networks). 65
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.3.2.

4.4. Students know the processes, patterns, and functions of human settlement. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.4.1. Classifying the types and patterns of settlements 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.4.1.

4.4.2. Identifying the factors that affect where people settle (for example, the availability of transportation and resources) 65
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.4.2.

4.4.3. Describing the spatial characteristics of cities (for example, residential, recreational, central business district, industrial, commercial areas). 24
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.4.3.

4.5. Students know how cooperation and conflict among people influence the division and control of Earth's surface. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.5.1. Describing how and why people create boundaries 38
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.5.1.

4.5.2. Describing how cooperation and conflict affect neighborhoods and communities. 36
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.5.2.

CO.5. Geography: Students understand the effects of interactions between human and physical systems and the changes in meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources.

5.1. Students know how human actions modify the physical environment. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.1.1. Identifying how people depend upon, adapt to, and modify the physical environment. 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.1.1.

5.2. Students know how physical systems affect human systems. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.2.1. Describing how the physical environment provides opportunities for and places constraint on human activities. 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.2.1.

5.3. Students know the changes that occur in the meaning, use, location, distribution, and importance of resources. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.3.1. Describing the role of resources in daily life (for example, discussing the recycling of materials) 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.3.1.

5.3.2. Identifying the characteristics of renewable and nonrenewable resources 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.3.2.

5.3.3. Identifying the spatial distribution of resources. 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.3.3.

CO.6. Geography: Students apply knowledge of people, places, and environments to understand the past and present and to plan for the future.

6.1. Students know how to apply geography to understand the past. What students know and are able to do includes:

6.1.1. Describing how places change over time 20
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.1.1.

6.1.2. Describing how places and environments may have influenced people and events over time. 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.1.2.

6.2. Students know how to apply geography to understand the present and plan for the future. What students know and are able to do includes:

6.2.1. Describing issues in communities from a spatial perspective 24
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.2.1.

6.2.2. Identifying personal behaviors that can affect community planning. 24
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.2.2.

CO.1. History: Students understand the chronological organization of history and know how to organize events and people into major eras to identify and explain historical relationships.

1.1. Students know the general chronological order of events and people in history. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.1.1. Chronologically organizing significant events, groups, and people in the history of Colorado. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.1.1.

1.2. Students use chronology to organize historical events and people. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.2.1. Creating timelines that show people and events in sequence using days, weeks, months, years, decades, and centuries 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.1.

1.2.2. Creating a brief historical narrative that chronologically organizes people and events in the history of their family heritage, school, neighborhood, local community, or Colorado. 58
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.2.2.

1.3. Students use chronology to examine and explain historical relationships. What students know and are able to do includes:

1.3.1. Identifying cause-and-effect relationships in a sequence of events. 13
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 1.3.1.

CO.2. History: Students know how to use the processes and resources of historical inquiry.

2.1. Students know how to formulate questions and hypotheses regarding what happened in the past and to obtain and analyze historical data to answer questions and test hypotheses. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.1.1. Posing and answering questions about the past 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.1.

2.1.2. Gathering historical data from multiple sources (for example, oral histories, interviews, diaries, letters, newspapers, literature, speeches, texts, maps, photographs, art works, and available technology). 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.1.2.

2.2. Students know how to interpret and evaluate primary and secondary sources of historical information. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.2.1. Describing sources of historical information 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.1.

2.2.2. Identifying the main idea in a source of historical information 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.2.

2.2.3. Identifying ways different cultures record their history. 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.2.3.

2.3. Students apply knowledge of the past to analyze present-day issues and events from multiple, historically objective perspectives. What students know and are able to do includes:

2.3.1. Comparing past and present-day situations and events. 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 2.3.1.

CO.3. History: Students understand that societies are diverse and have changed over time.

3.1. Students know how various societies were affected by contacts and exchanges among diverse peoples. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.1.1. Recognizing how the presence, interactions, and contributions of various groups and cultures have affected the school, neighborhood, community, and state 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.1.

3.1.2. describing the history, interactions, and contributions of the various peoples and cultures that have lived in or migrated to the area that is now Colorado (for example, African-Americans, Asian Americans, European Americans, Latino Americans, and Native Americans). 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.1.2.

3.2. Students understand the history of social organization in various societies. What students know and are able to do includes:

3.2.1. Identifying reasons for living in social groups 34
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.1.

3.2.2. Describing important components of the cultural heritage of the United States 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.2.

3.2.3. Recognizing that there are families and cultures around the world. 39
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 3.2.3.

CO.4. History: Students understand how science, technology, and economic activity have developed, changed, and affected societies throughout history.

4.1. Students understand the impact of scientific and technological developments on individuals and societies. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.1.1. Comparing the lives of hunters and gatherers to the lives of people who cultivated plants and raised domesticated animals for food

4.1.2. Describing the impact of various technological developments on the local community and the state (for example, irrigation, transportation, communication) 54
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.2.

4.1.3. Identifying individual achievements of scientists and inventors from many cultures and describing their achievements (for example, the Persian scientist and mathematician who invented equations and coined the term 'algebra'; Johann Gutenberg and the printing press; Galileo and the telescope; Isaac Newton and the theory of gravity; Eli Whitney and the cotton gin; Marie Curie and radiation). 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.1.3.

4.2. Students understand how economic factors have influenced historical events. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.2.1. Describing the economic reasons why people move to or from a location (for example, explorers, nomadic people, miners, traders). 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.2.1.

4.3. Students understand the historical development and know the characteristics of various economic systems. What students know and are able to do includes:

4.3.1. Giving examples of different ways that decisions are made regarding how resources are utilized and distributed (for example, authority, sharing, competition in a free market, tradition, 'first-come, first-served', 'luck of the draw') 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.3.1.

4.3.2. Describing different systems of exchange that can be used (for example, barter, money). 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 4.3.2.

CO.5. History: Students understand political institutions and theories that have developed and changed over time.

5.1. Students understand how democratic ideas and institutions in the United States have developed, changed, and/or been maintained. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.1.1. Identifying historical figures from diverse backgrounds in the United States who have advanced the rights of individuals and promoted the common good 61
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.1.1.

5.1.2. Explaining the importance of national celebrations, symbols, and ideas in their historical context 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.1.2.

5.1.3. Describing the historical background of the Colorado constitution. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.1.3.

5.2. Students know how various systems of government have developed and functioned throughout history. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.2.1. Explaining why rules and laws have been established and enforced in schools, communities, states, and nations 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.2.1.

5.2.2. Giving examples of different heads of government (for example, presidents, kings, mayors, governors). 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.2.2.

5.3. Students know how political power has been acquired, maintained, used, and/or lost throughout history. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.3.1. Giving examples of how individuals in various groups have gained, lost, or maintained political rights, freedoms, power, or cultural identity in the history of the community, region, or state. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.3.1.

5.4. Students know the history of relationships among different political powers and the development of international relations. What students know and are able to do includes:

5.4.1. Giving examples of how members of families and communities depend on each other 49
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.4.1.

5.4.2. Giving examples of how states and regions have become interdependent. 40
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 5.4.2.

CO.6. History: Students know that religious and philosophical ideas have been powerful forces throughout history.

6.1. Students know the historical development of religions and philosophies. What students know and are able to do includes:

6.1.1. Recognizing that people develop traditions that transmit their beliefs and ideas (for example, marriage ceremonies, feasts, naming of infants). 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.1.1.

6.2. Students know how societies have been affected by religions and philosophies. What students know and are able to do includes:

6.2.1. Giving examples of how the beliefs of people are reflected in the celebrations and practices of their community. 35
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.2.1.

6.3. Students know how various forms of expression reflect religious beliefs and philosophical ideas. What students know and are able to do includes:

6.3.1. Giving examples of forms of expression that depict the history, daily life, and beliefs of various peoples (for example, folk tales, ballads, dance, and architecture). 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Social Studies State Standard 6.3.1.