Colorado State Standards for Science:

Currently Perma-Bound only has suggested titles for grades K-8 in the Science and Social Studies areas. We are working on expanding this.

To view all matching titles click here.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Use their senses to make and describe careful observations 24
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Ask questions and make predictions 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Conduct simple experiments using tools and technology (for example: computers, thermometers, magnifiers, rulers, balances) 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Record data, report on findings and explain with reasons 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Solids and liquids (matter) can be identified, compared, sorted/classified by their physical properties (for example: size, shape, texture, flexibility, temperature, color and patterns) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.1.

2.2. Mixtures can be created and separated based on physical properties (for example: salt and sand, iron filings and soil, oil and water) 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. The only way to change the motion of an object is by pushing or pulling on it (force) 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. An organism (plant, animal) is a living thing that has physical characteristics that help it to survive 69
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Offspring have characteristics that are similar to but not exactly like their parents 63
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. Fossil evidence helps identify organisms that once lived on Earth but have completely disappeared (for example: dinosaurs, dodo bird, woolly mammoth and saber tooth tiger) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. There are similarities and differences in growth and development of organisms (for example: insect, plant, mammal) 63
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Organisms interact with each other and with nonliving parts of their habitat to meet their basic needs (for example: food, water, air, shelter, space) 33
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. There are different types of Earth's materials that come in different shapes and sizes (for example: rocks and soil) 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. There are major features of Earth's surface (for example: mountains, rivers, plains, hills, oceans, plateaus) 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. The Earth's materials (rocks, soil, water) provide many of the resources that humans use and reuse 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Our activities are affected by the daily weather and changing seasons (for example: types of clothing, travel plans, recreational activity) 41
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. The Sun is the source of Earth's heat and light 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Objects can be readily observed in the daytime and nighttime sky (for example: the Sun, Moon, stars) 13
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. Basic observable patterns and changes in the world can help to predict future events based on those patterns (for example: seasonal weather patterns, day/night) 81
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Use their senses to make and describe careful observations 28
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Ask questions and make predictions 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Conduct simple experiments using tools and technology (for example: computers, thermometers, magnifiers, rulers, balances) 56
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Record data, report on findings and explain with reasons 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.2. Mixtures can be created and separated based on physical properties (for example: salt and sand, iron filings and soil, oil and water) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. The only way to change the motion of an object is by pushing or pulling on it (force) 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. An organism (plant, animal) is a living thing that has physical characteristics that help it to survive 108
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Offspring have characteristics that are similar to but not exactly like their parents 100
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.4. There are similarities and differences in growth and development of organisms (for example: insect, plant, mammal) 100
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Organisms interact with each other and with nonliving parts of their habitat to meet their basic needs (for example: food, water, air, shelter, space) 51
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. There are different types of Earth's materials that come in different shapes and sizes (for example: rocks and soil) 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. There are major features of Earth's surface (for example: mountains, rivers, plains, hills, oceans, plateaus) 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. The Earth's materials (rocks, soil, water) provide many of the resources that humans use and reuse 46
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Our activities are affected by the daily weather and changing seasons (for example: types of clothing, travel plans, recreational activity) 66
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. The Sun is the source of Earth's heat and light 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Objects can be readily observed in the daytime and nighttime sky (for example: the Sun, Moon, stars) 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. Basic observable patterns and changes in the world can help to predict future events based on those patterns (for example: seasonal weather patterns, day/night) 119
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Use their senses to make and describe careful observations 26
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Ask questions and make predictions 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Conduct simple experiments using tools and technology (for example: computers, thermometers, magnifiers, rulers, balances) 72
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Record data, report on findings and explain with reasons 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.2. Mixtures can be created and separated based on physical properties (for example: salt and sand, iron filings and soil, oil and water) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. The only way to change the motion of an object is by pushing or pulling on it (force) 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. An organism (plant, animal) is a living thing that has physical characteristics that help it to survive 146
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Offspring have characteristics that are similar to but not exactly like their parents 137
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.4. There are similarities and differences in growth and development of organisms (for example: insect, plant, mammal) 137
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Organisms interact with each other and with nonliving parts of their habitat to meet their basic needs (for example: food, water, air, shelter, space) 59
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. There are different types of Earth's materials that come in different shapes and sizes (for example: rocks and soil) 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. There are major features of Earth's surface (for example: mountains, rivers, plains, hills, oceans, plateaus) 13
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. The Earth's materials (rocks, soil, water) provide many of the resources that humans use and reuse 47
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Our activities are affected by the daily weather and changing seasons (for example: types of clothing, travel plans, recreational activity) 86
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. The Sun is the source of Earth's heat and light 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Objects can be readily observed in the daytime and nighttime sky (for example: the Sun, Moon, stars) 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. Basic observable patterns and changes in the world can help to predict future events based on those patterns (for example: seasonal weather patterns, day/night) 144
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Design, plan and conduct a variety of simple investigations (for example: formulate a testable question, state a hypothesis, make systematic observations, develop and communicate logical conclusions based on evidence) 33
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Select and use appropriate tools and technology to gather and display (for example: graphs, charts, diagrams) quantitative and qualitative data related to an investigation (for example: length, volume, and mass measuring instruments, thermometers, watches, magnifiers, microscopes, calculators, and computers) 33
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Objects have physical properties that can be measured (for example: length, mass, volume and temperature) 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.1.

2.2. Measurable physical properties can be compared before and after effecting a change to verify a change has occurred and used to predict its outcome in similar circumstances\ 34
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. Matter is made up of parts that are too small to be seen 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Matter exists in physical states (solid, liquid, gas) and can change from one state to another 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.5. There are different types and sources of energy (for example: light, heat, motion) 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.5.

2.6. Electricity in circuits can produce light, heat, sound and magnetic effects 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. There are different types of forces (for example: gravity and magnetism) 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. Changes in speed or direction of motion are caused by forces 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Each plant or animal has different structures and behaviors that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction 120
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Green plants need energy from sunlight and various raw materials to live, and animals consume plants and other organisms to live 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. Human body systems have basic structures, functions and needs (for example: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular) 54
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. There is interaction and interdependence between and among nonliving and living components of ecosystems (for example: food webs, symbiotic and parasitic relationships, dependence on rainfall, pollination) 89
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Life cycles vary from organism to organism (for example: frog, chicken, butterfly, radish, bean plant) 120
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Fossils can be compared to one another and to living organisms according to their similarities and differences 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are similarities and differences in appearance among individuals of the same population (for example: size, color, shape) 86
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There are similarities and differences between organisms (for example: plants vs. animals, vertebrate vs. invertebrate) 132
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.8.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Fossils are evidence of past life 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Natural processes change Earth's surface (for example: weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity, earthquakes and floods) 51
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Many of the Earth's resources can be conserved, recycled and depleted 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Weather is different from climate 90
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Most of the Earth's surface is covered by water, that most of the water is salt water in the oceans, and that fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, underground sources and glaciers 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Water exists on Earth in different states (solid, liquid, gas) and changes from one state to another (for example: evaporation, condensation and precipitation) 13
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

4.7. There are basic components of the solar system (for example: Sun, planets, moons) 31
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.7.

4.8. The Earth and Sun provide a diversity of resources (for example: soils, fuels, minerals, medicines and food) 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. The rotation of the Earth on its axis, in relation to the Sun, produces the day-and-night cycle and the orbit of the Earth around the Sun completes one year 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. When a science experiment is repeated with the same conditions, the experiment generally works the same way 33
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Models are used to represent events and objects (for example: comparing a map of the school to the actual school; a model of the Earth to the Earth itself) 33
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.2.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Design, plan and conduct a variety of simple investigations (for example: formulate a testable question, state a hypothesis, make systematic observations, develop and communicate logical conclusions based on evidence) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Select and use appropriate tools and technology to gather and display (for example: graphs, charts, diagrams) quantitative and qualitative data related to an investigation (for example: length, volume, and mass measuring instruments, thermometers, watches, magnifiers, microscopes, calculators, and computers) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Objects have physical properties that can be measured (for example: length, mass, volume and temperature) 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.1.

2.2. Measurable physical properties can be compared before and after effecting a change to verify a change has occurred and used to predict its outcome in similar circumstances\ 22
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. Matter is made up of parts that are too small to be seen 1
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Matter exists in physical states (solid, liquid, gas) and can change from one state to another 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.5. There are different types and sources of energy (for example: light, heat, motion) 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.5.

2.6. Electricity in circuits can produce light, heat, sound and magnetic effects 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. There are different types of forces (for example: gravity and magnetism) 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. Changes in speed or direction of motion are caused by forces 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Each plant or animal has different structures and behaviors that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction 97
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Green plants need energy from sunlight and various raw materials to live, and animals consume plants and other organisms to live 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. Human body systems have basic structures, functions and needs (for example: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular) 45
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. There is interaction and interdependence between and among nonliving and living components of ecosystems (for example: food webs, symbiotic and parasitic relationships, dependence on rainfall, pollination) 84
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Life cycles vary from organism to organism (for example: frog, chicken, butterfly, radish, bean plant) 97
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Fossils can be compared to one another and to living organisms according to their similarities and differences 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are similarities and differences in appearance among individuals of the same population (for example: size, color, shape) 54
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There are similarities and differences between organisms (for example: plants vs. animals, vertebrate vs. invertebrate) 111
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.8.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Fossils are evidence of past life 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Natural processes change Earth's surface (for example: weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity, earthquakes and floods) 42
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Many of the Earth's resources can be conserved, recycled and depleted 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Weather is different from climate 85
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Most of the Earth's surface is covered by water, that most of the water is salt water in the oceans, and that fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, underground sources and glaciers 22
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Water exists on Earth in different states (solid, liquid, gas) and changes from one state to another (for example: evaporation, condensation and precipitation) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

4.7. There are basic components of the solar system (for example: Sun, planets, moons) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.7.

4.8. The Earth and Sun provide a diversity of resources (for example: soils, fuels, minerals, medicines and food) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. The rotation of the Earth on its axis, in relation to the Sun, produces the day-and-night cycle and the orbit of the Earth around the Sun completes one year 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. When a science experiment is repeated with the same conditions, the experiment generally works the same way 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Models are used to represent events and objects (for example: comparing a map of the school to the actual school; a model of the Earth to the Earth itself) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.2.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Design, plan and conduct a variety of simple investigations (for example: formulate a testable question, state a hypothesis, make systematic observations, develop and communicate logical conclusions based on evidence) 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Select and use appropriate tools and technology to gather and display (for example: graphs, charts, diagrams) quantitative and qualitative data related to an investigation (for example: length, volume, and mass measuring instruments, thermometers, watches, magnifiers, microscopes, calculators, and computers) 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Objects have physical properties that can be measured (for example: length, mass, volume and temperature) 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.1.

2.2. Measurable physical properties can be compared before and after effecting a change to verify a change has occurred and used to predict its outcome in similar circumstances\ 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. Matter is made up of parts that are too small to be seen 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Matter exists in physical states (solid, liquid, gas) and can change from one state to another 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.5. There are different types and sources of energy (for example: light, heat, motion) 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.5.

2.6. Electricity in circuits can produce light, heat, sound and magnetic effects 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. There are different types of forces (for example: gravity and magnetism) 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. Changes in speed or direction of motion are caused by forces 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Each plant or animal has different structures and behaviors that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Green plants need energy from sunlight and various raw materials to live, and animals consume plants and other organisms to live 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. Human body systems have basic structures, functions and needs (for example: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular) 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. There is interaction and interdependence between and among nonliving and living components of ecosystems (for example: food webs, symbiotic and parasitic relationships, dependence on rainfall, pollination) 57
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Life cycles vary from organism to organism (for example: frog, chicken, butterfly, radish, bean plant) 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Fossils can be compared to one another and to living organisms according to their similarities and differences 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are similarities and differences in appearance among individuals of the same population (for example: size, color, shape) 20
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There are similarities and differences between organisms (for example: plants vs. animals, vertebrate vs. invertebrate) 50
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.8.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Fossils are evidence of past life 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Natural processes change Earth's surface (for example: weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity, earthquakes and floods) 36
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Many of the Earth's resources can be conserved, recycled and depleted 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Weather is different from climate 74
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Most of the Earth's surface is covered by water, that most of the water is salt water in the oceans, and that fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, underground sources and glaciers 28
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Water exists on Earth in different states (solid, liquid, gas) and changes from one state to another (for example: evaporation, condensation and precipitation) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

4.7. There are basic components of the solar system (for example: Sun, planets, moons) 22
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.7.

4.8. The Earth and Sun provide a diversity of resources (for example: soils, fuels, minerals, medicines and food) 37
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. The rotation of the Earth on its axis, in relation to the Sun, produces the day-and-night cycle and the orbit of the Earth around the Sun completes one year 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world. 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard CO.5.

5.1. When a science experiment is repeated with the same conditions, the experiment generally works the same way 23
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Models are used to represent events and objects (for example: comparing a map of the school to the actual school; a model of the Earth to the Earth itself)

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Ask questions and state hypotheses that lead to different types of scientific investigations (for example: experimentation, collecting specimens, constructing models, researching scientific literature) 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Use appropriate tools, technologies and metric measurements to gather and organize data and report results 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Interpret and evaluate data in order to formulate logical conclusions 20
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Demonstrate that scientific ideas are used to explain previous observations and to predict future events (for example: plate tectonics and future earthquake activity) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

1.5. Identify and evaluate alternative explanations and procedures 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.5.

1.6. Communicate results of their investigations in appropriate ways (for example: written reports, graphic displays, oral presentations 24
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.6.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Physical properties of solids, liquids, gases and the plasma state and their changes can be explained using the particulate nature of matter model 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.1.

2.2. Mixtures of substances can be separated based on their properties (for example: solubilities, boiling points, magnetic properties, densities and specific heat) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. Mass is conserved in a chemical or physical change 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Mass and weight can be distinguished 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.5. All matter is made up of atoms that are comprised of protons, neutrons and electrons and when a substance is made up of only one type of atom it is an element 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.5.

2.6. When two or more elements are combined a compound is formed which is made up of molecules 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. Quantities (for example: time, distance, mass, force) that characterize moving objects and their interactions within a system (for example, force, speed, velocity, potential energy, kinetic energy) can be described, measured and calculated 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. That there are different forms of energy and those forms of energy can be transferred and stored (for example: kinetic, potential) but total energy is conserved 20
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

2.9. Electric circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy when heat, light, sound, magnetic effects and chemical changes are produced 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.9.

2.10. White light is made up of different colors that correspond to different wavelengths 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.10.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Classification schemes can be used to understand the structure of organisms 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Human body systems have specific functions and interaction (for example: circulatory and respiratory, muscular and skeletal) 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. There is a differentiation among levels of organization (cells, tissues, and organs) and their roles within the whole organism 1
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. Multicellular organisms have a variety of ways to get food and other matter to their cells (for example: digestion, transport of nutrients by circulatory system) 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are basic processes of life (for example, set up a terrarium or aquarium and make changes such as blocking out light) 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Different types of cells have basic structures, components and functions (for example: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplast, single-celled organisms in pond water, Elodea, onion cell, human cheek cell) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are non-communicable conditions and communicable diseases (for example: heart disease and chicken pox) 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There is a flow of energy and matter in an ecosystem (for example: as modeled in a food chain, web, pyramid, decomposition)

3.9. Asexual and sexual cell reproduction/division can be differentiated 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.9.

3.10. Chromosomes and genes play a role in heredity (for example, genes control traits, while chromosomes are made up of many genes) 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.10.

3.11. Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of individual organisms, populations, and entire species 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.11.

3.12. Changes or constancy in groups of organisms over geologic time can be revealed through evidence 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.12.

3.13. Individual organisms with certain traits are more likely than others to survive and have offspring. 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.13.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Inter-relationships exist between minerals, rocks, and soils 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Humans use renewable and nonrenewable resources (for example: forests and fossil fuels) 55
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Natural processes shape the Earth's surface (for example: landslides, weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity) 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Major geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building are associated with plate boundaries and attributed to plate motions 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Fossils are formed and used as evidence to indicate that life has changed through time 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Successive layers of sedimentary rock and the fossils contained within them can be used to confirm age, geologic time, history, and changing life forms of the Earth; this evidence is affected by the folding, breaking and uplifting of layers 12
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

4.7. The atmosphere has basic composition, properties, and structure (for example: the range and distribution of temperature and pressure in the troposphere and stratosphere) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.7.

4.8. Atmospheric circulation is driven by solar heating (for example: the transfer of energy by radiation, convection, conduction) 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. There are quantitative changes in weather conditions over time and space (for example: humidity, temperature, air pressure, cloud cover, wind, precipitation) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

4.10. There are large-scale and local weather systems (for example: fronts, air masses, storms) 32
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.10.

4.11. The world's water is distributed and circulated through oceans, glaciers, rivers, groundwater, and atmosphere 18
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.11.

4.12. The ocean has a certain composition and physical characteristics (for example: currents, waves, features of the ocean floor, salinity, and tides) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.12.

4.13. There are characteristics (components, composition, size) and scientific theories of origin of the solar system 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.13.

4.14. Relative motion, axes tilt and positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon have observable effects (for example: seasons, eclipses, moon phases) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.14.

4.15. The universe consists of many billions of galaxies (each containing many billions of stars) and that vast distances separate these galaxies and stars from one another and from the Earth 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.15.

4.16. Technology is needed to explore space (for example: telescopes, spectroscopes, spacecraft, life support systems) 26
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.16.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. A controlled experiment must have comparable results when repeated 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Scientific knowledge changes as new knowledge is acquired and previous ideas are modified (for example: through space exploration) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.2.

5.3. Contributions to the advancement of science have been made by people in different cultures and at different times in history 20
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.3.

5.4. Models can be used to predict change (for example: computer simulation, video sequence, stream table) 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.4.

5.5. There are interrelationships among science, technology and human activity that affect the world 47
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.5.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Ask questions and state hypotheses that lead to different types of scientific investigations (for example: experimentation, collecting specimens, constructing models, researching scientific literature) 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Use appropriate tools, technologies and metric measurements to gather and organize data and report results 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Interpret and evaluate data in order to formulate logical conclusions 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Demonstrate that scientific ideas are used to explain previous observations and to predict future events (for example: plate tectonics and future earthquake activity) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

1.5. Identify and evaluate alternative explanations and procedures 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.5.

1.6. Communicate results of their investigations in appropriate ways (for example: written reports, graphic displays, oral presentations 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.6.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.2. Mixtures of substances can be separated based on their properties (for example: solubilities, boiling points, magnetic properties, densities and specific heat) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.2.

2.3. Mass is conserved in a chemical or physical change 13
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Mass and weight can be distinguished 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.5. All matter is made up of atoms that are comprised of protons, neutrons and electrons and when a substance is made up of only one type of atom it is an element 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.5.

2.6. When two or more elements are combined a compound is formed which is made up of molecules 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. Quantities (for example: time, distance, mass, force) that characterize moving objects and their interactions within a system (for example, force, speed, velocity, potential energy, kinetic energy) can be described, measured and calculated 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. That there are different forms of energy and those forms of energy can be transferred and stored (for example: kinetic, potential) but total energy is conserved 19
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

2.10. White light is made up of different colors that correspond to different wavelengths 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.10.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Classification schemes can be used to understand the structure of organisms 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Human body systems have specific functions and interaction (for example: circulatory and respiratory, muscular and skeletal) 25
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. There is a differentiation among levels of organization (cells, tissues, and organs) and their roles within the whole organism 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.4. Multicellular organisms have a variety of ways to get food and other matter to their cells (for example: digestion, transport of nutrients by circulatory system) 14
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.4.

3.5. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are basic processes of life (for example, set up a terrarium or aquarium and make changes such as blocking out light) 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Different types of cells have basic structures, components and functions (for example: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplast, single-celled organisms in pond water, Elodea, onion cell, human cheek cell) 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are non-communicable conditions and communicable diseases (for example: heart disease and chicken pox) 73
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There is a flow of energy and matter in an ecosystem (for example: as modeled in a food chain, web, pyramid, decomposition) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.8.

3.9. Asexual and sexual cell reproduction/division can be differentiated 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.9.

3.10. Chromosomes and genes play a role in heredity (for example, genes control traits, while chromosomes are made up of many genes) 40
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.10.

3.11. Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of individual organisms, populations, and entire species 48
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.11.

3.12. Changes or constancy in groups of organisms over geologic time can be revealed through evidence 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.12.

3.13. Individual organisms with certain traits are more likely than others to survive and have offspring. 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.13.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Inter-relationships exist between minerals, rocks, and soils 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Humans use renewable and nonrenewable resources (for example: forests and fossil fuels) 115
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Natural processes shape the Earth's surface (for example: landslides, weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity) 22
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Major geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building are associated with plate boundaries and attributed to plate motions 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Fossils are formed and used as evidence to indicate that life has changed through time 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.6. Successive layers of sedimentary rock and the fossils contained within them can be used to confirm age, geologic time, history, and changing life forms of the Earth; this evidence is affected by the folding, breaking and uplifting of layers 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.6.

4.8. Atmospheric circulation is driven by solar heating (for example: the transfer of energy by radiation, convection, conduction) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. There are quantitative changes in weather conditions over time and space (for example: humidity, temperature, air pressure, cloud cover, wind, precipitation) 60
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

4.10. There are large-scale and local weather systems (for example: fronts, air masses, storms) 60
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.10.

4.11. The world's water is distributed and circulated through oceans, glaciers, rivers, groundwater, and atmosphere 27
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.11.

4.12. The ocean has a certain composition and physical characteristics (for example: currents, waves, features of the ocean floor, salinity, and tides) 7
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.12.

4.13. There are characteristics (components, composition, size) and scientific theories of origin of the solar system 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.13.

4.14. Relative motion, axes tilt and positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon have observable effects (for example: seasons, eclipses, moon phases) 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.14.

4.15. The universe consists of many billions of galaxies (each containing many billions of stars) and that vast distances separate these galaxies and stars from one another and from the Earth 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.15.

4.16. Technology is needed to explore space (for example: telescopes, spectroscopes, spacecraft, life support systems) 28
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.16.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. A controlled experiment must have comparable results when repeated 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Scientific knowledge changes as new knowledge is acquired and previous ideas are modified (for example: through space exploration) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.2.

5.3. Contributions to the advancement of science have been made by people in different cultures and at different times in history 41
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.3.

5.4. Models can be used to predict change (for example: computer simulation, video sequence, stream table) 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.4.

5.5. There are interrelationships among science, technology and human activity that affect the world 74
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.5.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Ask questions and state hypotheses that lead to different types of scientific investigations (for example: experimentation, collecting specimens, constructing models, researching scientific literature) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.1.

1.2. Use appropriate tools, technologies and metric measurements to gather and organize data and report results 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.2.

1.3. Interpret and evaluate data in order to formulate logical conclusions 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.3.

1.4. Demonstrate that scientific ideas are used to explain previous observations and to predict future events (for example: plate tectonics and future earthquake activity) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.4.

1.5. Identify and evaluate alternative explanations and procedures 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.5.

1.6. Communicate results of their investigations in appropriate ways (for example: written reports, graphic displays, oral presentations 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 1.6.

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.3. Mass is conserved in a chemical or physical change 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.3.

2.4. Mass and weight can be distinguished 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.4.

2.6. When two or more elements are combined a compound is formed which is made up of molecules 11
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.6.

2.7. Quantities (for example: time, distance, mass, force) that characterize moving objects and their interactions within a system (for example, force, speed, velocity, potential energy, kinetic energy) can be described, measured and calculated 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.7.

2.8. That there are different forms of energy and those forms of energy can be transferred and stored (for example: kinetic, potential) but total energy is conserved 21
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.8.

2.9. Electric circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy when heat, light, sound, magnetic effects and chemical changes are produced 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.9.

2.10. White light is made up of different colors that correspond to different wavelengths 5
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 2.10.

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. Classification schemes can be used to understand the structure of organisms 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.1.

3.2. Human body systems have specific functions and interaction (for example: circulatory and respiratory, muscular and skeletal) 17
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.2.

3.3. There is a differentiation among levels of organization (cells, tissues, and organs) and their roles within the whole organism 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.3.

3.5. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are basic processes of life (for example, set up a terrarium or aquarium and make changes such as blocking out light) 8
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.5.

3.6. Different types of cells have basic structures, components and functions (for example: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplast, single-celled organisms in pond water, Elodea, onion cell, human cheek cell) 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.6.

3.7. There are non-communicable conditions and communicable diseases (for example: heart disease and chicken pox) 81
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.7.

3.8. There is a flow of energy and matter in an ecosystem (for example: as modeled in a food chain, web, pyramid, decomposition) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.8.

3.9. Asexual and sexual cell reproduction/division can be differentiated 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.9.

3.10. Chromosomes and genes play a role in heredity (for example, genes control traits, while chromosomes are made up of many genes) 28
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.10.

3.11. Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of individual organisms, populations, and entire species 36
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.11.

3.12. Changes or constancy in groups of organisms over geologic time can be revealed through evidence

3.13. Individual organisms with certain traits are more likely than others to survive and have offspring. 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 3.13.

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. Inter-relationships exist between minerals, rocks, and soils 1
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.1.

4.2. Humans use renewable and nonrenewable resources (for example: forests and fossil fuels) 65
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.2.

4.3. Natural processes shape the Earth's surface (for example: landslides, weathering, erosion, mountain building, volcanic activity) 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.3.

4.4. Major geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building are associated with plate boundaries and attributed to plate motions 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.4.

4.5. Fossils are formed and used as evidence to indicate that life has changed through time 10
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.5.

4.8. Atmospheric circulation is driven by solar heating (for example: the transfer of energy by radiation, convection, conduction) 4
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.8.

4.9. There are quantitative changes in weather conditions over time and space (for example: humidity, temperature, air pressure, cloud cover, wind, precipitation) 31
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.9.

4.10. There are large-scale and local weather systems (for example: fronts, air masses, storms) 31
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.10.

4.11. The world's water is distributed and circulated through oceans, glaciers, rivers, groundwater, and atmosphere 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.11.

4.12. The ocean has a certain composition and physical characteristics (for example: currents, waves, features of the ocean floor, salinity, and tides) 2
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.12.

4.13. There are characteristics (components, composition, size) and scientific theories of origin of the solar system 15
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.13.

4.15. The universe consists of many billions of galaxies (each containing many billions of stars) and that vast distances separate these galaxies and stars from one another and from the Earth 9
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.15.

4.16. Technology is needed to explore space (for example: telescopes, spectroscopes, spacecraft, life support systems) 16
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 4.16.

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. A controlled experiment must have comparable results when repeated 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.1.

5.2. Scientific knowledge changes as new knowledge is acquired and previous ideas are modified (for example: through space exploration) 3
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.2.

5.3. Contributions to the advancement of science have been made by people in different cultures and at different times in history 29
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.3.

5.4. Models can be used to predict change (for example: computer simulation, video sequence, stream table) 6
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.4.

5.5. There are interrelationships among science, technology and human activity that affect the world 66
Suggested Titles for Colorado Science State Standard 5.5.

CO.1. Students apply the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such investigations.

1.1. Ask questions and state hypotheses using prior scientific knowledge to help design and guide development and implementation of a scientific investigation

1.2. Select and use appropriate technologies to gather, process, and analyze data and to report information related to an investigation

1.3. Identify major sources of error or uncertainty within an investigation (for example: particular measuring devices and experimental procedures)

1.4. Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and models

1.5. Construct and revise scientific explanations and models, using evidence, logic, and experiments that include identifying and controlling variables

1.6. Communicate and evaluate scientific thinking that leads to particular conclusions

CO.2. Physical Science: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy. (Focus: Physics and Chemistry)

2.1. Elements can be organized by their physical and chemical properties (Periodic Table)

2.2. The spatial configuration of atoms and the structure of the atoms in a molecule determine the chemical properties of the substance

2.3. There are observable and measurable physical and chemical properties that allow one to compare, contrast, and separate substances (for example: pH, melting point, conductivity, magnetic attraction)

2.4. Word and chemical equations are used to relate observed changes in matter to its composition and structure (for example: conservation of matter)

2.5. Quantitative relationships involved with thermal energy can be identified, measured, calculated and analyzed (for example: heat transfer in a system involving mass, specific heat, and change in temperature of matter)

2.6. Energy can be transferred through a variety of mechanisms and in any change some energy is lost as heat (for example: conduction, convection, radiation, motion, electricity, chemical bonding changes)

2.7. Light and sound waves have distinct properties; frequency, wavelengths and amplitude

2.8. Quantities that demonstrate conservation of mass and conservation of energy in physical interactions can be measured and calculated

2.9. Newton's Three Laws of Motion explain the relationship between the forces acting on an object, the object's mass, and changes in its motion

CO.3. Life Science: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment. (Focus: Biology-- Anatomy, Physiology, Botany, Zoology, Ecology)

3.1. The pattern/process of reproduction and development is specific to different organisms

3.2. There is a relationship between the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration (for example: in terms of energy and products)

3.3. There is a purpose of synthesis and breakdown of macromolecules in an organism (for example: carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids serve as building blocks of proteins; carbon dioxide and water are the basic materials for building sugars through photosynthesis)

3.4. Energy is used in the maintenance, repair, growth, and production of tissues

3.5. The human body functions in terms of interacting organ systems composed of specialized structures that maintain or restore health (for example: mechanisms involved in homeostasis [balance], such as feedback in the endocrine system)

3.6. Changes in an ecosystem can affect biodiversity and biodiversity contributes to an ecosystem's dynamic equilibrium

3.7. There is a cycling of matter (for example: carbon, nitrogen) and the movement and change of energy through the ecosystem (for example: some energy dissipates as heat as it is transferred through a food web)

3.8. Certain properties of water sustain life (for example: polarity, cohesion, solubility)

3.9. Cellular organelles have specific functions (for example: the relationship of ribosomes to protein, and the relationship of mitochondria to energy transformation)

3.10. Cell reproduction/division has various processes and purposes (mitosis, meiosis, binary fission)

3.11. DNA has a general structure and function and a role in heredity and protein synthesis (for example: replication of DNA and the role of RNA in protein synthesis)

3.12. Genes serve as the vehicle for genetic continuity and the source of genetic diversity upon which natural selection can act

3.13. Some traits can be inherited while others are due to the interaction of genes and the environment (for example: skin cancer triggered by over- exposure to sunlight or contact with chemical carcinogens)

3.14. Organisms are classified into a hierarchy of groups and subgroups based on similarities which reflect their evolutionary relationships

3.15. Mutation, natural selection, and reproductive isolation can lead to new species and affect biodiversity

3.16. An organism's adaptations (for example, structure, behavior) determine its niche (role) in the environment

3.17. Variation within a population improves the chances that the species will survive under new environmental conditions

3.18. Organisms change over time in terms of biological evolution and genetics

CO.4. Earth and Space Science: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space. (Focus: Geology, Meteorology, Astronomy, Oceanography)

4.1. The Earth's interior has a composition and structure

4.2. The theory of plate tectonics helps to explain relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, mid-ocean ridges, and deep-sea trenches

4.3. The feasibility of predicting and controlling natural events can be evaluated (for example: earthquakes, floods, landslides)

4.4. There are costs, benefits, and consequences of natural resource exploration, development, and consumption (for example: geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and greenhouse gas)

4.5. There are consequences for the use of renewable and nonrenewable resources

4.6. Evidence is used (for example: fossils, rock layers, ice cores, radiometric dating) to investigate how Earth has changed or remained constant over short and long periods of time (for example: Mount St. Helen's' eruption, Pangaea, and geologic time)

4.7. The atmosphere has a current structure and composition and has evolved over geologic time (for example: effects of volcanic activity and the change of life forms)

4.8. Energy transferred within the atmosphere influences weather (for example: the role of conduction, radiation, convection, and heat of condensation in clouds, precipitation, winds, storms)

4.9. Weather is caused by differential heating, the spin of the Earth and changes in humidity (air pressure, wind patterns, Coriolis Effect)

4.10. There are interrelationships between the circulation of oceans and weather and climate

4.11. There are factors that may influence weather patterns and climate and their effects within ecosystems (for example: elevation, proximity to oceans, prevailing winds, fossil fuel burning, volcanic eruptions)

4.12. Water and other Earth systems interact (for example: the biosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere)

4.13. Continental water resources are replenished and purified through the hydrologic cycle

4.14. Gravity governs the motions observed in the solar system and beyond

4.15. There is electromagnetic radiation produced by the Sun and other stars (for example: X- ray, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio)

4.16. Stars differ from each other in mass, color, temperature and age

4.17. The scales of size and separation of components of the solar system are complex

CO.5. Students understand that the nature of science involves a particular way of building knowledge and making meaning of the natural world.

5.1. Print and visual media can be evaluated for scientific evidence, bias, or opinion

5.2. The scientific way of knowing uses a critique and consensus process (for example: peer review, openness to criticism, logical arguments, skepticism)

5.3. Graphs, equations or other models are used to analyze systems involving change and constancy (for example: comparing the geologic time scale to shorter time frame, exponential growth, a mathematical expression for gas behavior; constructing a closed ecosystem such as an aquarium)

5.4. There are cause-effect relationships within systems (for example: the effect of temperature on gas volume, effect of carbon dioxide level on the greenhouse effect, effects of changing nutrients at the base of a food pyramid)

5.5. Scientific knowledge changes and accumulates over time; usually the changes that take place are small modifications of prior knowledge but major shifts in the scientific view of how the world works do occur

5.6. Interrelationships among science, technology and human activity lead to further discoveries that impact the world in positive and negative ways

5.7. There is a difference between a scientific theory and a scientific hypothesis