Arkansas State Standards for Language Arts: Grade 2

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.2.1. Speaking vocabulary: Use words that reflect a growing range of interests and knowledge.

OV.1.2.2. Speaking vocabulary: Use synonyms and antonyms appropriately in speech.

OV.1.2.3. Speaking behaviors: Focus on audience (i.e., posture).

OV.1.2.4. Speaking behaviors: Introduce self to others.

OV.1.2.5. Speaking behaviors: Adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion.

OV.1.2.6. Speaking behaviors: Use oral language for different purposes (i.e., to inform, persuade, and entertain).

OV.1.2.7. Speaking to share understanding of information: Support spoken ideas and opinions with examples and evidence .

OV.1.2.8. Speaking to share understanding of information: Give three-step and four-step directions.

OV.1.2.9. Speaking to share understanding of information: Participate in formal and informal discussions about a variety of topics including school events.

OV.1.2.10. Speaking for literary response and expression: Tell and retell stories incorporating the use of descriptive language and elements of a story.

OV.1.2.11. Speaking for literary response and expression: Participate in a variety of speaking activities, including reader's theatre .

OV.1.2.12. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Ask and answer questions.

OV.1.2.13. Speaking for critical analysis and evaluation: Accept contributions of teacher or group to make modifications and improve speaking performance.

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings to facilitate communication.

OV.2.2.1. Listening for information and understanding: Demonstrate active listening behaviors (i.e., asking relevant questions) .

OV.2.2.2. Listening for information and understanding: Listen and identify details that support the topic.

OV.2.2.3. Listening for information and understanding: Follow oral directions with three or four steps.

OV.2.2.4. Listening and responding to literature: Listen to literature and respond appropriately, including comparing/ contrasting and extending the text.

OV.2.2.5. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Listen for answers to specific questions and for specific purposes in response to nonfiction text.

OV.2.2.6. Listening for critical analysis and evaluation: Evaluate a performance by giving an opinion with evidence to support it.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.2.1. Utilizing media for information and understanding: Distinguish the purpose of various types of media presentations, including informational or entertainment presentations.

OV.3.2.2. Utilizing media for personal response and expression: Respond to media in a variety of ways (i.e., art, writing, movement, and music).

OV.3.2.3. Utilizing media for critical analysis and evaluation: Compare and contrast a variety of media presentations.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately.

W.4.2.1. Prewriting: Contribute to a writer's notebook (i.e., interesting words or phrases, books or experiences that spark an interest, etc.).

W.4.2.2. Prewriting: Use prewriting strategies to organize ideas.

W.4.2.3. Prewriting: Make decisions about which topic to work on over several days.

W.4.2.4. Drafting: Organize writing appropriately (i.e., sequence, main idea and detail, cause and effect, etc.).

W.4.2.5. Drafting: Create well-developed paragraphs that include introduction, details, and conclusion .

W.4.2.6. Drafting: Include relevant information in writing.

W.4.2.7. Revising: Revise writing for organization, content, and clarity based on peer responses and teacher conferences.

W.4.2.8. Revising: Elaborate message independently.

W.4.2.9. Revising: Delete irrelevant information.

W.4.2.10. Revising: Give and receive feedback about writing.

W.4.2.11. Revising: Utilize a teacher-made revision checklist.

W.4.2.12. Editing: Edit for complete sentences, spelling of appropriate words, usage, punctuation, and capitalization.

W.4.2.13. Editing: Utilize available resources to edit personal writing (i.e., editing checklist, simple thesaurus, dictionary, etc.).

W.4.2.14. Publishing: Prepare pieces for publication (i.e., illustrations, rewriting or typing/word processing, page break, and charts, etc.) .

W.4.2.15. Publishing: Polish approximately ten pieces throughout the year (i.e., friendly letters, invitations, poems, stories, and songs, etc.).

W.4.2.16. Publishing: Use available technology for publishing.

W.4.2.17. Publishing: Select pieces for a writing portfolio that demonstrate growth .

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.2.1. Purposes and Audiences: Write for other people (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, teachers, and authors).

W.5.2.2. Purposes and Audiences: Match purpose for writing to the appropriate audience.

W.5.2.3. Topics and Forms: Write daily.

W.5.2.4. Topics and Forms: Respond to open-ended questions .

W.5.2.5. Topics and Forms: Write an informational paragraph, including a topic sentence, details, and conclusion.

W.5.2.6. Topics and Forms: Write a narrative that presents a logical sequence of events and describes the setting, character, and events in detail.

W.5.2.7. Topics and Forms: Write thank you notes, friendly letters (identifying the five parts), and invitations.

W.5.2.8. Topics and Forms: Write retellings of fairy tales and folk tales.

W.5.2.9. Topics and Forms: Write simple quatrains and shape poetry .

W.5.2.10. Topics and Forms: Write letters to authors.

W.5.2.11. Topics and Forms: Write text variations (i.e., change setting, characters, or ending, etc.).

W.5.2.12. Topics and Forms: Write connections between text and self.

W.5.2.13. Topics and Forms: Write in a personal journal.

W.5.2.14. Topics and Forms: Write independently on self-selected topics .

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.2.1. Sentence Formation: Use a variety of simple sentences.

W.6.2.2. Sentence Formation: Vary sentence patterns and lengths .

W.6.2.3. Usage: Use singular and plural pronouns correctly.

W.6.2.4. Usage: Incorporate transition words.

W.6.2.5. Usage: Combine sentences correctly.

W.6.2.6. Usage: Use and punctuate declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.2.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Develop a beginning, middle, and end to a story .

W.7.2.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Take on strategies and elements of author's craft that the class has discussed in their study of literary works.

W.7.2.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Compose a text following the structure of a poem, story, or informational (expository) text.

W.7.2.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Embed literary language in writing (i.e., 'Once upon a time?').

W.7.2.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply new vocabulary and concepts into writing.

W.7.2.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Apply commonly agreed upon criteria and own judgment to assess the quality of own work.

W.7.2.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Respond to the writing of others by giving specific feedback on the clarity and logical order of the writing .

W.7.2.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Examine written work to determine progress in writing and work habits.

AR.8. Reading: Foundations of Reading: Students shall apply concepts of print, acquire knowledge of spoken words and understand the relationship of speech to print as they develop a foundation for literacy.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.2.1. Using prior knowledge to make meaning: Activate prior knowledge by using features of text and/or knowledge of the author.

R.9.2.2. Using connections to make meaning: Make connections from different parts of the same text.

R.9.2.3. Using visualization to make meaning: Form mental pictures from text read independently, including sequence of a process.

R.9.2.4. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Discuss how, why, and what-if questions about texts.

R.9.2.5. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Locate information within the text to answer literal and inferential questions.

R.9.2.6. Using questioning and monitoring to make meaning: Ask others questions that seek elaboration and justification.

R.9.2.7. Using inferences to make meaning: Read to confirm or change predictions.

R.9.2.8. Using inferences to make meaning: Make and explain inferences from text, such as cause and effect relationships.

R.9.2.9. Determining importance to make meaning: Determine a text's main idea and how those ideas are supported with details.

R.9.2.10. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Describe the cause and effect of specific events within a text.

R.9.2.11. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Present a logical interpretation of a book.

R.9.2.12. Summarizing and synthesizing for meaning: Summarize major points of a text.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of texts: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of text for a variety of purposes.

R.10.2.1. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read daily.

R.10.2.2. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Distinguish different forms of text and their functions .

R.10.2.3. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Demonstrate knowledge of the content and theme of the works of a single author .

R.10.2.4. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Read multiple books in the same genre but by different authors.

R.10.2.5. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Respond to a wide variety of texts by contributing to a reading journal which demonstrates appropriate comprehension skills, including written responses, reading log interest list, and reading goals.

R.10.2.6. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Self-select materials on independent reading level based on personal interest and knowledge of authors.

R.10.2.7. Exhibit behaviors and habits of an active reader: Use graphic organizers, including story maps, semantic or attribute maps, and Venn diagrams to make meaning of the reading selection.

R.10.2.8. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of informational texts, including descriptive formats.

R.10.2.9. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Recognize expository text structures which are descriptive .

R.10.2.10. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use headings to locate specific information when reading.

R.10.2.11. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of stories, including fairy tales and folk tales.

R.10.2.12. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Identify and compare the story elements of fairy tales and folk tales.

R.10.2.13. Reading a variety of informational materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Create a fairy tale and/or folk tale.

R.10.2.14. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read a variety of poetry, including quatrains and shape poems.

R.10.2.15. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Discuss poetry to determine meaning.

R.10.2.16. Reading a variety of poetry for enjoyment and critical analysis: Analyze poetry to identify the characteristics of couplets and quatrains .

R.10.2.17. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Read functional and instructional messages in the classroom environment, including labels, announcements, instructions and invitations, to accomplish tasks.

R.10.2.18. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use pictures and charts to enhance reading.

R.10.2.19. Reading a variety of practical materials for enjoyment and critical analysis: Use resources, including class-constructed thesaurus and glossary to enhance reading.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.2.1. Meaning-based word recognition: Use context clues to make sense of new words.

R.11.2.2. Meaning-based word recognition: Use knowledge of personal pronouns, simple abbreviations, antonyms, synonyms, and root words to read with meaning.

R.11.2.3. Meaning-based word recognition: Self-monitor reading and self-correct.

R.11.2.4. Spelling-sound word recognition (phonics): Decode words using, blends, digraphs, common long vowel patterns, diphthongs, r-controlled vowel patterns, prefixes, suffixes, and root words in continuous text.

R.11.2.5. Sight word recognition: Read approximately 500 high frequency words fluently during reading.

R.11.2.6. Word Study and vocabulary: Sort nouns by features, function, and categories.

R.11.2.7. Word Study and vocabulary: Learn new words from reading and discuss the meanings of words .

R.11.2.8. Word Study and vocabulary: Experiment with language, including trying new words and using them in speaking, reading, and writing.

R.11.2.9. Accuracy of reading: Read grade level texts with accuracy of 90% or above.

R.11.2.10. Accuracy of reading: Self-monitor to make sense of the reading.

R.11.2.11. Reading with fluency and expression: Read grade level text fluently at a minimum of 90 words per minute.

R.11.2.12. Reading with fluency and expression: Read familiar grade level texts using appropriate rhythm, pace, phrasing, punctuation, and intonation.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Researching/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.2.1. Accessing information: Generate questions about topics of personal interest .

IR.12.2.2. Accessing information: Use alphabetical order to the second letter to access information.

IR.12.2.3. Accessing information: Use title page, table of contents, glossary, and index to locate information.

IR.12.2.4. Accessing information: Access information from such sources as charts, maps, graphs, and directions.

IR.12.2.5. Accessing information: Locate information from a variety of print, non-print, and technological resources (dictionaries, magazines, pictures, informational texts, people, and technology/Internet).

IR.12.2.6. Interpreting Information: Use such graphic organizers as webbing and mapping to organize information.