Colorado State Standards for Mathematics: Grade 1

CO.1. Number Sense, Properties, and Operations

1.1. The whole number system describes place value relationships from ones to 100 and forms the foundation for efficient algorithms. Students can:

1.1.a. Count, read, and write numbers to 100

1.1.b. Estimate quantities less than 100

1.1.c. Represent quantities using tens units and ones units

1.1.d. Locate numbers up to 100 on a number display

1.1.e. Compare two sets of objects, including pennies, up to at least 25 using language such as ''three more or three fewer'' (PFL)

1.2. Adding and subtracting involve composing and decomposing using a variety of strategies. Students can:

1.2.a. Use addition when putting sets together and subtraction for breaking sets apart or describing the difference between sets

1.2.b. Use number relationships such as doubles, one more or one less, and the relationship between composing and decomposing to solve addition and subtraction problems

1.2.c. Identify coins and find the value of a collection of two coins (PFL)

1.2.d. Demonstrate fluency with basic addition and related subtraction facts through sums to 10

1.3. Parts of objects can be shown as fractions. Students can:

1.3.a. Identify unit fractions 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 as parts of wholes or parts of groups

1.3.b. Understand fractions as equal shares or parts

CO.2. Patterns, Functions, and Algebraic Structures

2.1. Patterns can grow. Students can:

2.1.a. Count objects by groups of 2 or 5

2.1.b. Extend a repeating pattern based on a rule

2.2. Number relationships can be used to solve problems. Students can:

2.2.a. Use number relationships such as doubles, or plus or minus one to solve problems

2.2.b. Use the inverse relationship between adding and subtracting to solve problems

CO.3. Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability

3.1. Visual displays of data can be created using individual student data. Students can:

3.1.a. Contribute individual data to classroom data display

3.1.b. Read information from picture graphs, bar graphs, and tally charts

3.1.c. Describe data by applying the concepts of largest, smallest and most often

CO.4. Shape, Dimension, and Geometric Relationships

4.1. Shapes can be created and described by composing and decomposing. Students can:

4.1.a. Recognize, describe, and make shapes according to given relationships, attributes, or properties

4.1.b. Sort geometric figures and describe how they are alike and different

4.1.c. Combine and take apart shapes to create new shapes and describe results

4.2. Measurement is used to compare and order objects and events. Students can:

4.2.a. Measure the length of common objects using nonstandard units such as created units, popsicle sticks, or paper clips

4.2.b. Compare and order objects by length and weight

4.2.c. Distinguish units of time (day, night, morning, afternoon, hours) and connect them to common events

4.2.d. Compare and order units of time

CO.5. Prepared Graduate Competencies in Mathematics: The prepared graduate competencies are the preschool through twelfth-grade concepts and skills that all students who complete the Colorado education system must master to ensure their success in a postsecondary and workforce setting.

5.1. Understand the structure and properties of our number system. At the most basic level numbers are abstract symbols that represent real-world quantities

5.2. Understand quantity through estimation, precision, order of magnitude, and comparison. The reasonableness of answers relies on the ability to judge appropriateness, compare, estimate, and analyze error

5.3. Are fluent with basic numerical and symbolic facts and algorithms, and are able to select and use appropriate (mental math, paper and pencil, and technology) methods based on an understanding of their efficiency, precision, and transparency

5.4. Make both relative (multiplicative) and absolute (arithmetic) comparisons between quantities. Multiplicative thinking underlies proportional reasoning

5.5. Recognize and make sense of the many ways that variability, chance, and randomness appear in a variety of contexts

5.6. Solve problems and make decisions that depend on understanding, explaining, and quantifying the variability in data

5.7. Understand that equivalence is a foundation of mathematics represented in numbers, shapes, measures, expressions, and equations

5.8. Make sound predictions and generalizations based on patterns and relationships that arise from numbers, shapes, symbols, and data

5.9. Apply transformation to numbers, shapes, functional representations, and data

5.10. Make claims about relationships among numbers, shapes, symbols, and data and defend those claims by relying on the properties that are the structure of mathematics

5.11. Communicate effective logical arguments using mathematical justification and proof. Mathematical argumentation involves making and testing conjectures, drawing valid conclusions, and justifying thinking

5.12. Use critical thinking to recognize problematic aspects of situations, create mathematical models, and present and defend solutions