Arkansas State Standards for Language Arts: Grade 10

AR.1. Oral and Visual Communication: Speaking: Students shall demonstrate effective oral communication skills to express ideas and to present information.

OV.1.10.1. Speaking to share understanding and information: Adjust oral language to audience and appropriately apply the rules of standard English .

OV.1.10.2. Speaking to share understanding and information: Prepare and participate in structured discussions, such as panel discussions.

OV.1.10.3. Speaking to share understanding and information: Use appropriate visual aids in presentations.

OV.1.10.4. Speaking for literary response, expression and analysis: Participate in a variety of such speaking activities as scenes from a play, oral book reports, monologues, memorization of lines, character analysis, literary reviews, and excerpts from famous speeches .

AR.2. Oral and Visual Communication: Listening: Students shall demonstrate effective listening skills in formal and informal settings.

OV.2.10.1. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Interpret oral readings from literary and informational texts.

OV.2.10.2. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Identify barriers to listening and generate methods to overcome them.

OV.2.10.3. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Critique presentations.

OV.2.10.4. Listening for information, interpretation, critical analysis, and evaluation: Demonstrate attentive, reflective, and critical listening skills to respond to and interpret speaker's message.

AR.3. Oral and Visual Communication: Media Literacy: Students shall demonstrate knowledge and understanding of media as a mode of communication.

OV.3.10.1. Analyzing media: Identify features and techniques used by specific media (print and electronic) to inform, such as infographics, sequencing, headlining, and placement.

OV.3.10.2. Analyzing media: Demonstrate an understanding of features and techniques used by media for specific effect.

OV.3.10.3. Evaluating media credibility: Identify and evaluate propaganda, disinformation, and censorship within a given medium.

AR.4. Writing: Process: Students shall employ a wide range of strategies as they write, using the writing process appropriately.

W.4.10.1. Prewriting: Apply appropriate prewriting strategies to address purpose and audience with emphasis on description.

W.4.10.2. Drafting: Communicate clearly the purpose of the writing.

W.4.10.3. Drafting: Write clear and varied sentences.

W.4.10.4. Drafting: Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately through word choice, vivid description, and selected information.

W.4.10.5. Drafting: Adapt content vocabulary, voice and tone to audience, purpose, and situation.

W.4.10.6. Drafting: Arrange paragraphs into a logical progression with appropriate transition.

W.4.10.7. Revising: Revise content of writing for central idea, elaboration, unity, and organization.

W.4.10.8. Revising: Revise style of writing for selected vocabulary, selected information, sentence variety, tone, and voice.

W.4.10.9. Revising: Revise sentence formation in writing for completeness, coordination, subordination, standard word order and absence of fused sentences.

W.4.10.10. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions to edit for standard inflections, agreement, word meaning, and conventions.

W.4.10.11. Editing: Apply grammatical conventions for capitalization, punctuation, formatting, and spelling.

W.4.10.12. Publishing: Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for intended audiences and purposes.

W.4.10.13. Publishing: Maintain a writing portfolio that exhibits growth and reflection in the progress of meeting goals and expectations.

W.4.10.14. Publishing: Use available technology for all aspects of the writing process.

AR.5. Writing: Purposes, Topics, Forms, and Audiences: Students shall demonstrate competency in writing for a variety of purposes, topics and audiences employing a wide range of forms.

W.5.10.1. Purposes and Audiences: Adjust levels of formality, style, and tone when composing for different audiences.

W.5.10.2. Topics and Forms: Write short stories that: communicate the significance of the events and characters; specify scenes and incidents in specific places; describe using sensory details; pace time and mood; maintain consistency in point of view.

W.5.10.3. Topics and Forms: Write expository compositions, including analytical essays, and research reports that: assemble and convey evidence in support of the thesis; make distinctions between the relative value and significance of data, facts, and ideas.

W.5.10.4. Topics and Forms: Write using rhetorical strategies with special emphasis on exemplification, process/analysis, compare/contrast, and argumentation/persuasion.

W.5.10.5. Topics and Forms: Write a variety of letters, including letters of complaint, that: follow a conventional format; address the intended audience; provide clear, purposeful information; use appropriate vocabulary, tone, and style .

W.5.10.6. Topics and Forms: Write poems using a range of poetic techniques, forms and figurative language, emphasizing lyric poetry.

W.5.10.7. Topics and Forms: Write responses to literature that: articulate the significant ideas of literary works; support important ideas and viewpoints with evidence from the text; demonstrate awareness of the author's use of stylistic devices.

W.5.10.8. Topics and Forms: Write on demand to a specified prompt within a given time frame.

W.5.10.9. Topics and Forms: Write across the curriculum.

AR.6. Writing: Conventions: Students shall apply knowledge of Standard English conventions in written work.

W.6.10.1. Sentence Formation: Use verbals and verbal phrases to achieve sentence conciseness and variety .

W.6.10.2. Usage: Apply usage rules appropriately in all formal writing: Subject verb agreement; Pronoun agreement; Misplaced modifiers; Pronoun case; Objective complements.

W.6.10.3. Usage: Demonstrate appropriate use of active and passive voice .

W.6.10.4. Spelling: Apply conventional spelling to all pieces.

W.6.10.5. Capitalization: Apply conventional rules of capitalization in writing.

W.6.10.6. Punctuation: Apply the punctuation rules appropriately in writing.

AR.7. Writing: Craftsmanship: Students shall develop personal style and voice as they approach the craftsmanship of writing.

W.7.10.1. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use figurative language effectively with emphasis on metaphor and symbolism .

W.7.10.2. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.

W.7.10.3. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use such elements of discourse as purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing narrative, expository, or descriptive writing assignments .

W.7.10.4. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Demonstrate organization, unity, and coherence by using embedded transitions and sequencing.

W.7.10.5. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use extension and elaboration to develop an idea emphasizing the use of participial phrases.

W.7.10.6. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Distinguish between and use concrete and commentary information for elaboration.

W.7.10.7. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Use precise word choices that convey specific meaning.

W.7.10.8. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Personalize writing to convey voice in formal and informal pieces.

W.7.10.9. Purposefully shaping and controlling language: Evaluate own writing and others' writing to determine how writing achieves its purpose, ask for feedback, and respond to classmates' writing.

AR.9. Reading: Comprehension: Students shall apply a variety of strategies to read and comprehend printed material.

R.9.10.1. Literal and inferential understanding: Connect own background knowledge, including personal experience and perspectives shaped by age, gender, or national origin, to examine author's purpose .

R.9.10.2. Literal and inferential understanding: Interpret specific ways an author accomplishes purpose, including organization, narrative and persuasive techniques, style, literary forms or genre, portrayal of themes, tone, and intended audience.

R.9.10.3. Literal and inferential understanding: Apply appropriate strategies to aid comprehension, including skimming, scanning, note taking, outlining, questioning, creating graphic organizers, and annotating.

R.9.10.4. Literal and inferential understanding: Research how works of a given period reflect author's background, historical events, and cultural influences.

R.9.10.5. Literal and inferential understanding: Draw inferences from a passage (including conclusions, generalizations, and predictions) and support them with text evidence.

R.9.10.6. Literal and inferential understanding: Identify bias in a variety of texts.

R.9.10.7. Summary and generalization: Summarize and paraphrase structures in informational and literary texts, including relationships among concepts and details.

R.9.10.8. Analysis and evaluation: Evaluate deceptive and/or faulty arguments in persuasive texts.

R.9.10.9. Analysis and evaluation: Analyze techniques used to convey point of view or impressions, including language, organization, tone, and context.

R.9.10.10. Analysis and evaluation: Examine author's purpose in choosing a point of view (e.g., humor, suspense, satire, etc.).

R.9.10.11. Analysis and evaluation: Examine fallacies to determine purpose.

R.9.10.12. Analysis and evaluation: Investigate and interpret a position using concepts gained from reading .

R.9.10.13. Analysis and evaluation: Identify and categorize figures of speech and sound devices, including extended metaphor, personification, hyperbole, understatement, oxymoron, paradox, and pun.

AR.10. Reading: Variety of Text: Students shall read, examine, and respond to a wide range of texts.

R.10.10.1. Practical Texts: Read across the curriculum a variety of such practical texts as advertisements, warranties, manuals, job and career descriptions, and applications .

R.10.10.2. Practical Texts: Evaluate clarity and accuracy of information in practical texts.

R.10.10.3. Poetry: Read a variety of lyric poetry, including odes and sonnets.

R.10.10.4. Poetry: Recognize and discuss an author's use of poetic conventions and structures, including line, stanza, imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and sound devices.

R.10.10.5. Poetry: Identify the characteristics of lyric poetry.

R.10.10.6. Poetry: Compare and contrast traditional and contemporary works of poets from many cultures.

R.10.10.7. Poetry: Examine the author's possible use of persona.

R.10.10.8. Poetry: Compare and contrast techniques poets use to evoke emotion in a reader.

R.10.10.9. Poetry: Identify examples of words that contribute to tone and voice.

R.10.10.10. Poetry: Paraphrase and interpret to find the meaning of selected poems, emphasizing the stanza.

R.10.10.11. Drama: Read a variety of dramatic selections, including a classical tragedy.

R.10.10.12. Drama: Compare and contrast character development in a play to characterizations in other literary forms.

R.10.10.13. Drama: Read and discuss an author's use of dramatic conventions .

R.10.10.14. Drama: Identify the functions of dialogue, scene designs, soliloquies, asides, and character foils in dramatic literature.

R.10.10.15. Drama: Explain the use of asides, soliloquies, and monologues in the development of a single character.

R.10.10.16. Drama: Read and examine the elements of classical tragedy.

R.10.10.17. Drama: Define and identify the characteristics of a tragic hero.

R.10.10.18. Drama: Explain the relationship between the expressed purposes and the characteristics of different forms of dramatic literature.

R.10.10.19. Literary and Content Prose: Read a variety of literary and content prose .

R.10.10.20. Literary and Content Prose: Explain the influence of historical context on the form, style, and point of view of a written work.

R.10.10.21. Literary and Content Prose: Explain similarities and differences of techniques and literary forms represented in the literature of different cultures.

R.10.10.22. Literary and Content Prose: Use literary terms to discuss a work.

R.10.10.23. Literary and Content Prose: Recognize the impact of diction, imagery, style, and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme, using literary terminology.

R.10.10.24. Literary and Content Prose: Identify and explain literary elements in a work.

R.10.10.25. Literary and Content Prose: Analyze the use of irony in a text.

AR.11. Reading: Vocabulary, Word Study, and Fluency: Students shall acquire and apply skills in vocabulary development and word analysis to be able to read fluently.

R.11.10.1. Word study and vocabulary: Expand vocabulary through reading, listening, and discussing.

R.11.10.2. Word study and vocabulary: Use Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes to determine meanings.

R.11.10.3. Word study and vocabulary: Use reference materials including glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to apply precise meaning and usage of words .

R.11.10.4. Word study and vocabulary: Recognize the connotative power of words.

AR.12. Inquiring/Researching: Research/Inquiry Process: Students shall engage in inquiry and research to address questions, to make judgments about credibility, and to communicate findings in ways that suit the purpose and audience.

IR.12.10.1. Accessing information: Generate open-ended questions to explore and select a topic.

IR.12.10.2. Accessing information: Establish a focus for research and design a research plan to answer a set of questions.

IR.12.10.3. Accessing information: Utilize a variety of research tools to access multiple sources.

IR.12.10.4. Accessing information: Use key words to search a database to find specific information.

IR.12.10.5. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Determine the credibility of authors and reliability of sources (e.g., author credentials, author biases, copyright dates, etc.).

IR.12.10.6. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Use criteria to compare ways to verify the accuracy and usefulness of information.

IR.12.10.7. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Skim sources to evaluate their usefulness and accuracy .

IR.12.10.8. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Apply research skills to collect a variety of primary and/or secondary sources.

IR.12.10.9. Evaluating credibility and identifying relevant information: Paraphrase and/or summarize information to avoid plagiarism.

IR.12.10.10. Interpreting and presenting information: Organize information and use a style manual such as MLA or APA to create: Note cards; Formal outline; Works cited page or resource sheet; Thesis statement; Parenthetical citations within text.

IR.12.10.11. Interpreting and presenting information: Summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.

IR.12.10.12. Interpreting and presenting information: Create research products such as: Oral presentation; Reports; Essays.